工业工程专业英语翻译

1、工业工程专业英语翻译（ 3）工业工程专业英语翻译 2008-04-26 19:15:06 阅读 1753 评论 3 字号：大中小Real IE Value工业工程的真正价值Industrial engineers are great at solving problems. Ironically enough, there is still one age-old problem they unable to solve-identity. And the problem is not getting any to solve. In fact,“ identity ” is just one

2、of several challenges currently facing the IE profession.工业工程师非常善于解决问题。 可是具有讽刺性的却是他们仍有一个长期性的问 题得不到解决 一致性。而且这个问题解决起来一直很困难。事实上， “一致性”恰好是目前工业工程领域所面临的众多挑战性问题之一。Today ' s competitive global economy and tighter corporate budgets are forcing IEs to deal with issues that were barely mentioned a decade a

3、go. Companies are flattening corporate structures; IE departments are being eliminated or renamed; and universities and colleges areunder evengreater pressure to provide industry with graduates whoare better trained to handle a much wider variety of job responsibilities.今天激烈的世界竞争和紧张的公司预算都迫使工业工程师们去解决

4、被人们忽视 很久的问题。 公司开始重新组合团队结构； 工业工程部被逐渐被取消或者重新命 名；而且大学和学院也承担着向工业界提供被更好的培训而掌握了更广泛工作能 力的毕业生的压力。On the other hand, today 's IE has at his or her disposal more technology and tools than the IE of 30 years ago could have ever imagined. New technologies have improved accuracy and speed and generally have

5、increased the IE 's ability to cover a more diverse set of interests.另一方面，现在的工业工程师可以使用许多他们 30 年前的同行想都想不到的技 术和工具。新技术已经提高了精确度和速度并逐渐提高了工业工程师们解决更多 样问题的能力。In addition, the IE now has a greater opportunity to concentrate on any one of a broad variety of areas that many companies now recognize as indiv

6、idual departments-including simulation, operations research, ergonomics, material handling and logistics.值得一提的是，工业工程现在有更多的机会去集中于现在许多企业已经视为独立的学科的众多领域中的一个 包括防真学、运筹学、人因学、物料搬运和物流学。The name game命名问题What problems could possibly throw a shadow on such a bright array of opportunities? For starters, as new o

7、pportunities have developed for the IE, new questions have formed about what types of jobs the industrial engineer is qualified to perform.什么问题可能会在如此明亮的机会阵列上投下阴影呢？对于初学者来说， 随着工 业工程新的机遇的产生， 诸如工业工程师到底能胜任什么样的工作问题也随之产 生。At one time, it was easier to define what an IE did .” Industrialengineering was simp

8、le in those days when we dealt with methods, work standards and work simplification, ” says Carlos Cherubin, director of engineering for The Limited Co. “ But there has to be someway to get past the old industrial engineering definition. ”曾经，定义工业工程是很容易的。 “工业工程那时候在解决问题，制订工作标准 和工作简明化方面很简单” 有限公司的经理卡罗 .

9、 彻罗宾如是说。“但是现在需要 放弃那些落后的工业工程定义了。 ”Even today, in manycompanies, IEs are still performing type of work that makes up what is now considered classical IE. ” “The big change is that the commercialization of a lot of these areas have turned them into niche thrusts, '” says John Powers, director of th

10、e management service department at Eastman Kodak Co. While IEs have always been very adaptable to these “thrusts ” as a skill set, he says ,they are now competing for the headlines.甚至现在，在许多公司，工业工程仍然在从事那些现在看来是经典工业工程的传 统的工作。“埃斯曼. 柯达公司的人力资源部经理约翰帕娃说： “最大的变化就是 工业工程领域的商业化使它们成为具有竞争性的舒适职业。 ”而且，工业工程师 已经适应了这种

11、竞争技能。他们现在正在争取这份工作。Says Jerry Zollenberg, director of IE for United Parcel Service,“If aperson loses slight ofthe total job and stars looking at the individualpieces, it comes out a little hairy. ” For example, Zollenberg says that he has an operations research(OR) group of 40 to 50 individual who ar

12、e working on the cutting edge of computer technology. At one time thesepeople were designated as IEs. But Zollenberg says that even through they are not called IEs, the job they are doing is certainly IE-oriented and could be IE, depending on how you set up the organization.联合包装服务公司的工业工程经理杰瑞说： “如果一个

13、人不能对整项工作做全面 把握而只是将注意力放在个别的方面，那么结果就不会令人满意。 ”例如，诺龙 博格博士说他公司有一个由 40到 50个人组成的专门从事计算机尖端技术的研究 小组，这些人曾被称做工业工程师，但是，即使他们没被予以这种头衔，他们所 做的还是工业工程的工作可以被称做工业工程，这取决于你如何组织这个团队。Like it or not, the trend today is specialization, and companies are following suit. Tough economic times are forcing many companies to redef

14、ine corporate structures, with a primary goal of flatting their organization in an attempt to cut costs and speed the decision-making process. In the case of the IE department, that trend has moved departmental namesfrom the generic “IE ” to special functions or areas that are being performed. Forme

15、r IE departments have been decentralized or renamed and are now described using such terms as Quality Improvement Engineering, Management Service or Engineering Service, just to name a few.不管是否真的这样， 专业化是目前的趋势就， 而且企业也在向这个方向发展。 许 多企业在这个经济时代的要求下都在重组公司结构， 以期能够是组织有效能， 可 以节约开支并加快决策的进度。 而在工业工程部门， 专业化的趋势是工业

16、工程不 在是普通的工业工程而是具有专业的作用或者是个正在改善的行业。 从前的工业 工程部已经被分解或者重新命名。 现在他们已经部分成为质量改善工程， 质量服 务或者工程服务，仅是名字多一点。“What I see is companies getting away from the IE nameand trying to have names that are more descriptive of the broader set of skills,” saysPowers.帕娃说：“我所看到的就是企业都在减少使用工业工程这个名字而在尝试使用些 更新的描述这些技能的名字。 ”For man

17、y, including Rebecca Ray, IE manager at Glaxo Inc., it is a step in the right direction. Her department will soon carry the title Performance Improvement Engineering. ” IE is probably the only engineering profession that insists on wearing its degree on its departmental door, ” she says. “we have fo

18、cused too muchon maintaining our degree, instead of identifying our function within our company. ” 许多人，包括格莱斯公司的工业工程经理瑞贝卡瑞都认为， 这是正确方向上的一 步。而且她的部门也要命名为绩效改善工程了。她还说： “工业工程可能是工程专业仅有的坚持要求把自己的地位建立在本部门之上的专业” 。“我们已经过多的 注重维护我们的地位而忽略了我们对公司所起的作用。 ”Dr. Vinod Sahney, corporate vice president at Henry Ford health

19、Systeengineering department, engineering department.he says, “I have never seen a mechanical One of our biggest difficulties is we equateindustrial engineering department, but they are hired and get a wide-range of jobs. ” 亨利福得保健设备公司的副主席文纳德 .沙尼博士也同意她的观点 .他说: ”我从 未发现有机械工程部 , 我们最大的困难就是平等看待工业工程部门 , 但机械

20、工程 专业的人却有很多就业机会且就业范围广泛 . ”Tony Vieth, IE manager at Boeing Georgia Inc., believes that the individual person, depending on howthey are trained, can bring the rights skills to the right job and they do not need to be in a department called industrial engineering. He also thinks IEs have gotten hung u

21、p on what over the years. On the other hand, the decentralized type of environment appears more threatening to others. “If weassumethat decentralized will continue to the point of transferring IE responsibilities to others, as seen in the Volvo organization, we will see a profound impact upon the pr

22、ofession, namelyunemployment, ” predicts Donald Barnes of BarnesManagement Training Services.佐治亚的波音公司的工业工程经理托尼 . 万斯认为一个人的工作决定于他所学习 的技能使他所学有所用而不是取决于他在哪个部门工作 . 而且他认为工业工程师 已经为这个问题困扰了许多年 .而巴勒斯管理培训服务公司的唐纳德 . 巴勒斯却 持有相反意见 . 他说: ”如果这种分解继续的话 , 工业工程的职责就会改变 . 就象我 们在沃而沃公司看到的一样 , 我们就会到这种影响将会造成这个行业的失业 .But, a cen

23、tralized IE department does not guarantee employment for the industrial engineer. Manylarge companies have “IE ” departments where only a handful of industrial engineers can be found. An example is Boeing. Boeing has somevery large IE departments, but often less than two or three people within the d

24、epartment have IE degrees. According to Vieth, it is because some of the functions within the department are so diverse.但是, 对于工业工程部的整合也并不会给工业工程师带来工作.许多大企业的工业工程部里仅有少量的工业工程师 . 拿波音公司做个例子 , 波音公司有一些大的 工业工程部,但是其中只有 2个或三个人有工业工程学位 .通过万斯来看 ,那是因 为部门里的某些函数太多样了 .Problems associated with renaming IE departments

25、to describe their particular function may have more to do with appearance than with theactual job being performed. While IEs actually perform many of the specialized jobs, little credit is given to IE principles used in the approach. In fact, it often turns out that manyof the individual functions a

26、nd skills used by IEs are viewed by managementas industrial engineering. As a result, individuals who can master one of those skills are mistakenly referred to by management as“ industrial engineers.”将工业工程部重新命名以明确描述其具体职能 , 其间所出现的问题与其说与实际 完成的工作有关倒不如说与问题的表象有关 . 工业工程师们在完成许多专业性工 作的过程中的工作原则极少得到承认 .实际上 ,

27、工业工程师们的个体作用和技能 通常被管理学认为是工业工程学 . 结果 , 拥有这些技能中的某一项的人被错误的 认为是”工业工程师”Yet, those who understand the real value of industrial engineering still realize that the degreed IE brings to the job a unique way of thinking.然而, 那些懂得工业工程的真正价值的人依然意识到工业工程这个专业给了 这份工作一个与众不同的思考途径 .“ There are things you can teach non-de

28、greed people that are basic repetitive tasks, ” says Vieth. “But what you can' t teach is howto take what you see, translate it and recognize there is a problem, and then come up with a solution to that problem.”万斯说: ”你可以教一个没有专业基础的人一些基本重要的工作 ,但是你却不 能教他们如何了解和转化看到的问题并找出方法去解决这个问题 .Erin Wallace, dir

29、ector of IE at Walt Disney World Co., would not hire anyone whowas not a degreed IE. “ I insist on it, ” she says. “Whenyou' ve got a group of people who are distinctly IEs, they carry with them what we like to refer to as distinct competencies. Those distinct competencies for an IE at Walt Disn

30、ey World include their ability to do quantitative analysis. You need an IE degree to be able to do that type of work.”任职于华特 . 迪斯尼世界公司的工业工程部经理爱瑞 .沃仑斯从部雇用非工 业工程专业的人 . 她说: ”我坚持这样做是因为如果你雇用了一批专业的工业工程 人士, 那么他们具备我们需要的独特的能力 .在华特.迪斯尼,这种独特的能力包 括他们做质量分析的能力 .你需要一个工业工程的毕业生从事这种工作 . ”Wallace says that when someone

31、 hires IE technology-type majors, they do not get some of the rudimentary problem solving skills acquired from taking engineering courses.沃仑斯说当雇用工业工程技术类型的专业人员时 , 他们就不需要通过参加工业工程课程来获得解决基本技术问题所要的技能了Curriculum课程Since there is a favorable consensus about the technical qualification of degreed IEs, univer

32、sities and colleges must be doing all industry believes is necessary to prepare today's IE students. Appearances maybe deceiving.既然对于工业工程师必须具有技术素质已经成为共识 , 那么大学和学院必 须使工业界相信提供现代的工业工程毕业生是很必要的 . 表面现象通常是不可信 的.In fact, even though ABETaccredits manyIE and IET programs in the United States, there remai

33、ns much variance and flexibility among each of the programs. Evidence of the fact can be found in a recent Australian study undertaken by the Industrial Engineering/Management (IE/M) group of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Swinburne Instit

34、ute of Technology (SIT).事实上 ,尽管工业工程与技术鉴定委员会鉴定了美国的许多工业工程与工 业工程技术项目 ,但这些项目之间仍然存在很大的区别和灵活性. 事实的根据可以从最近澳大利亚机械和制造工业学校的工业工程管理小组的研究中得到证实 . 该学校隶属于机械和制造工程技术小组 .The school initiated a set of promotional activities to rejuvenate the industrial engineering name and status. One of the school' s goals wasto h

35、elp convince managers and government to reconsider the role of industrial engineering.学校开始行动起来改变工业工程学的名字和地位 . 学校的目标之一就是帮助 管理人员和政府重新评估工业工程学的价值 .In preparation for the events, the IE / M group surveyed more than 150 U.S. universities with accredited IE programs at the undergraduate and graduate level.

36、 Of those universities that answered <37 were randomly drawn for analysis.在研究的准备过程中 ,工业工程管理小组检查了 150 多所在本科阶段有资格 教授工程课程的学校并在其中随机抽出 37所来进行分析 .The main purpose was to analyze the quantity and quality of the IE subjects. According to Shayan and Hamadani at SIT, the most important point is that covera

37、ge of IE is not yet standardized.这样的主要目的是分析工业工程课程的数量和质量 .对于 SIT 的沙扬和哈姆 丹尼来说 , 最重要的一点是工业工程的范围没有标准限制 .Other steps其他阶段Two key projects currently working toward helping academia improve the overall IE curriculum include the Southeastern University and College Coalition for Engineering Education (SUCCEED

38、) sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NFS), and IIE 's joint effort between the Council on Industrial Engineering (CIE ) and the Council of Industrial Engineering Academic Department Heads (CIEADH).当前两个主要的项目目的在于全面提高由美国自然科学基金委员会负责的 , 包括东南大学和学院工程教育联合会以及由工业工程理事会和工业工程学术部 门组成的工业工程师学会的学术水平 .

39、SUCCEEDw, hich is aimed at all engineering disciplines, is an engineering education coalition established by NSF in March 1992. The coalition has proposed a new curriculum model, CURRICULUM 21, as a mechanism to focus its efforts on specific goals such asrestructuring the engineeringcurriculum and i

40、mproving the quality and quantity of graduates.在1992年 3月由美国自然科学基金委员会资助的东南大学和学院工程联合会,旨在提高工程类本科教育的水平 .这个联合会开创了一个新的学科模式 ,课程 2 1, 目标主要集中在诸如调整课程和提高毕业生的数量和质量方面 .The second project, between CIE and CIEADH, has been ongoing since theFall of 1990. Specifically,CIE (corporate-level directors whose span ofcont

41、rol includes IE functions) meets with CIEADH(98 academic department heads from universities and colleges) at scheduled times during the year to better define what industry needs from academia. IIE acts as a facilitator between the two groups to help inform academia. The ultimate goal of these meetin

42、gs is the development of a clearly defined set of output characteristics that will help academia design an improved undergraduate IE curriculum.第二个项目开始于 1990 年秋. 由工业工程理事会和工业工程系统理事会进行工业工程理事会 （负责公司工业工程事业的公司领导 ） 还特别的与工业工程系统 理事会（大学和学院的 98 位学科代表）进行了例行会晤 .目的是更好的限定工业 在学术方面的需要范围 .工业工程学会从中协助这两个组织通知学术界. 这些会议的

43、最终结果是产生了一系列有特色的概念 , 从而帮助学术界设计先进的本科工 业工程课程 .This is not to say that these organizations are attempting to standardize the IE curriculum, rather, they are trying to provide basic guidelines.The question of whether the IE curriculum, should be standardized throughout every university is not an issue. L

44、eaders in industry and academia readily agree that there is no possible way for every curriculum at every college to be identical.这并不是说这些组织试图标准化工业工程的课程 , 而是说他们正努力提供一 些基本的准则 . 主要的并不是工业工程课程是否应该在所有的大学里统一标准 , 而是工业界和学术界的领导人已开始认同不可能在每个学校开设一样的课程 .“ I don 't think you can require every IE curriculum to

45、be cookie cutter of each other, ” says Glaxo 's Ray.克拉克. 瑞说: ”我不认为工业工程课程能象饼干一样被分来分去 .”What appears to be a problem is the perceived gap between what types of students academia is providing compared with the types of students industry seeks. Most industry leaders acknowledge that the majority of

46、universities and colleges should provide, and do provide, students who are technically competent .To expect that IE students be highly knowledgeable about every possible aspect of industrial engineering upon graduation may be unrealistic,says Zollenberg. Students are required totake a broad range of

47、 IE course to help them understand the principles of IE and provide a solid academic foundation. A graduate student can then go on to specialize in a particular area if he or she desire to do so.出现的问题是所提供的专业学生类型和工业界所需要人才之间的理解误差 . 大多数工业界领导人都承认大中专院校提供的学生还是具有技术能力的.佐仑 .贝格说 , 希望工业工程专业的学生通晓工业工程的各个方面是不现实的

48、. 学生只 需要学习在校期间工程的科目 , 足以帮他们了解工业工程的准则和固定的基础学 术知识就可以了 . 这样的毕业生就能按自己的设想在特定的领域使自己的知识专 业化Zollenberg insists that it is impossible to learn everything they needto know about the jobs they will encounter. “I 'mnot sure anybody coming out is going to learn all of the required skills in four years of sch

49、ool. I don' t think it 's fair to the universities and I don' t I don't think it ' s fair to the kids,” he says.佐仑. 贝格认为期望让学生在学校学到将来在工作中遇到的所有问题拿几乎 使不可能的 . 他说: ”我不确定任何人可以在 4 年学生生涯中学到所需要的所有技 能. 我想这样对学校和孩子都是不公平的 .Expectations期望值What industry leaders to expect, however, are students

50、who have the ability to operate in the environment in which they are placed. These areas where there appears to be a deficiency include interpersonal skills, knowledge of computers, nontechnical/business skills, quality management skills, and an appreciation for the plant floor. Depending upon what

51、industry the new graduate is placed, the need for certain skills will vary.工业领导人所期望的使学生有能力在他们所处的环境中进行操作. 这些有缺陷的领域包括交际能力 ,计算机知识 ,商业技能 ,质量管理技能和尊重高层领导人 员.对于不同岗位的毕业生有不同的要求 , 所以对于技能的要求也是不同的 .Wallace, who works for a service-oriented company (Walt Disney World), thinks today 's students are well-train

52、ed in most areas, with the exception of computer shills. She says she still sees a lot of students who came out of school without very good computer skills. “ Nowadays, that should be a prerequisite. ”工作于服务性公司的瓦拉斯认为如今的学生在许多领域都接受了很好的培养 . 他们具有所需的计算机技能 , 她说她仍然看到许多毕业生不具备很好的计算机技 能,”今天, 这个技能是必要的 . ”In the

53、 manufacturing sector, Jack Broadway, director of corporate IE for Reynolds Metals, believes today 's students are probably better educated than in the past, but they have somemisconception about the types of jobs they will perform. “A lot of (students) coming out today want to sit behind a comp

54、uter and they think that is their job. Well, a computer is just another tool. It 's just something you use to do something else, ” he says. He suggests that on-the job training while in school may be one of the best ways to prepare students.在瑞纳德金属公司从事制造性工业工程的杰克 . 布朗德利认为现在的学生比 过去的学生教育的好 , 但是他们对于将

55、从事的工作却有一些错误的概念 . 他说:” 许多学生认为坐在电脑前就是他们的工作 . 可是, 电脑只是一个工具 , 这个工具只 是协助你去工作 .然后你还是要做其它或者继续你的工作 . ”他认为学校的在职教 育是一个很好的教育学生的方法 .On healthcare side, Sahney (Henry Ford Health Systems) thinks that in general terms, schools are providing properly trained students, but they often are not given the opportunity t

56、o becomewell-rounded in other areas. Because what he says is the profession ' s “roots of accreditation, ” the curriculum is too tightly controlled. He does not think individual institutions have enough variety. In other words, he says, the electives are very limited by the time all of the requi

57、red courses are finished.This problem is often exhibit as a lack of writing and presentation skills in many of the new graduates.萨尼从全面教育方面考虑认为学校在学习期间给了学生适当的教育, 却没有给学生在其它领域接受全面教育的机会 . 学校认为专业课才是工作资格的根本 . 所以课程安排被严格的控制着 .而不认为人的学问是多样化的 .或换句话说 ,他们 认为在所有所需要的课程结束后 , 竞争就会减小 , 这样做的结果就是许多毕业生 明显缺少写作和自我表达的能力 .Mo

58、st IEs eventually must sell their ideas and plans to management, which often requires above-average communication skills. For manyIE graduates, this is a tough challenge. Russell Cartmill, IE director at The Coca-Cola Co., says he is frequently confronted with hiring recent graduates who lack basic

59、communication skills. Hesays Coca-Cola ends up having to teach people things once they get in the areas of public speaking and report writing, “someof the basic things that you really need to have in industry in order to make a good presentation.”其它许多工业工程师都使用多门交流技巧 , 要推销自己的想法和计划给管理 部门. 可这对于工业工程的毕业生来说是个很大的挑战.在可口可乐公司工作的工业工程经理如瑟 .卡特米说 ,他经常碰到新录用的缺少交流技巧的毕业生 ,可口 可乐公司只有在职员学会公共演讲和起草报告的时候才停止教育他们. 他说在工业界你真正需要的一些基本的东西就是怎样去很好的展示自己 .One way