基础模块上册 Unit 1 主系表结构及There-be-句型

1、.主主-系系-表结构表结构（S+V+P）. 主主-系系-表结构讲解表结构讲解w主语：主语：主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。 主语主要由名词、主语主要由名词、动名词动名词、代词代词来充当。来充当。 book, ruler, father, sister, Jack, Beijing, China, books parents, flowers she, he, they, it 等等。. w系动词系动词：系动词be一般现在时态有 am, is, are三种形式。（am和is的过去式为 ， are的过去式为 。） 我我(I)用用am, 你你(You)用用are, i

2、s用于她他它（用于她他它（She, He, It） 其余单数用其余单数用is 复数用复数用arewaswere.表语：表语：表语是用来修饰主语的，说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语位于系动词之后 充当表语的有：形容词 、名词 、介词短语 、副词 、代词 、数词 。w 形容词： They are big.w 名词： I am a teacher.w 介词短语： She is in the classroom.w 副词： You look well.w 代词： Its me.w 数词 My father is forty-nine.1.This _ an English book.2.

3、 I _ a student.3. He _ our English teacher.4. They _ my good friends.5. The girl _ a new student.6. She _ in her bedroom.7. We _ new students.8. I _ a boy. My name _ Mike.isamisareisisareamisExercise: 请用请用be相应的形式填空相应的形式填空.否定形式否定形式w 主系表结构的否定形式是在系动词后面加not构成。 肯定形式 否定形式 I am a teacher. She is my sister.

4、 They are students. This is Lucy. It is large. 缩写形式：isnt/ arent/ am 与not 不缩写I am not a teacher. She is not my sister. They are not students. This is not Lucy. It is not large. .疑问式疑问式w主系表结构的疑问形式是把系动词be移到主语前面。如果有some的话，疑问式和否定式都需要把some 改为any。（因为（因为some多用于肯定句，多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句）多用于疑问句和否定句）1. He is a

5、worker Is he a worker? Yes he is /No he isnt2. I am a student. Are you a student? Yes I am / No I am not3. This is the students dormitory Is this the students dormitory? Yes it is/No it isnt.There be句型句型.w There is an apple on the chair.请使用There be- 描述下图.There is a ball in the basket.There are two a

6、pples on the chair.There is a pencil in the pencil-box.There are three books on the desk.概念概念结构结构There be 句型是英语中常用句型，句型是英语中常用句型， 意思是意思是“有有.”，表示，表示“人或事物人或事物的存在的存在”或或“某地有某物某地有某物”。主语。主语在在there be 之后。句尾通常有表示之后。句尾通常有表示地点的状语。地点的状语。肯定结构：肯定结构：There is (are)+主语主语+状语状语否定结构：否定结构：There is (are)+not+主语主语+状语状语一般疑

7、问句结构一般疑问句结构Be+there+主语主语+状语？状语？.Be的变化的变化看名词看名词在there be 句型中主语是单数，be动词用is；主语是复数，be动词用are。主语是不可数名词的用is. Example：a. There is +a /an+单数可数名词单数可数名词 There is +不可数名词不可数名词 There is a book on the desk . 桌子上有一本书。There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有些水。. b.There are +复数名词复数名词There are some pictures on the wall

8、.墙上有些图画。There are two apples in the basket.篮子里有两个苹果。.看名词看名词 There _ a girl in the classroom. A. is B. are There _ some bread on the plate. A. is B. are There _ a lot of trees in thePark. A. is B. are .There is a cat under the tree.There are two dogs under the tree.There be就近原则就近原则如果句中主语有两个以上的名词，如果句中

9、主语有两个以上的名词，be用单用单数还是用复数取决于靠近数还是用复数取决于靠近be的名词的名词There is a cat and two dogs under the tree.There are two dogs and a cat under the tree.there 是个近视眼。 .Example 就近原则就近原则There _ a desk and fifty-five chairs in the classroom. A. are B. is .There _ fifty-five chairs and a desk in the classroom. A. are B. is

10、 .There _ some water in thebottle. A. is B. are C. have D. be .There is _. A. a pencil B. two books C. five apples D. a water .There _ a pencil-case andmany pencils in Toms schoolbag. A. is B. are C. have D. be .There are a lot of _ in the fridge. A. meat B. chicken C. eggs D. milk .There be 句型的否定句句

11、型的否定句否定结构：否定结构：There is (are)+no (not any)+主语主语+状语状语如果句中有some，要变成any. not any=no1. There are two books on the desk. There arent two books on the desk.2. There is some bread in the plate.There is not any (no) bread in the plate. Example：.一般疑问句：be动词(is,are)要提到句首提到句首。 some 变any，其他都不变结构结构: Be+there+主语主语

12、+状语？状语？1. There is a dog in the house.(变成一般疑问句） Is there a dog in the house ?2. There are some books on the desk.(变成一般疑问句）Are there any books on the desk ?There be 句型的一般疑问句句型的一般疑问句Example：. 课堂练习：课堂练习： 1、There a pencil in the pencil box. 2、There some flowers on the desk. 3、There four people in my fam

13、ily. 4、There a picture and two maps on the wall. 5、A: there a cat under the tree? B: Yes,there isareareisIsis 一、用一、用be动词动词is / are 填空：填空：.1. There _ a clock on the table. A. is B. are 2. _ there a radio on your desk? A. are B. is 3. _ there a map on the wall? Yes, there _. A. are / is B. is / are C.

14、 is / is D. are /are 4. There _ some students in the classroom. A. are B. is 5. There _ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. A.is B. are ACAAB二、选择题：二、选择题：.6. There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. A. is B. are 7. Are there _ pictures on the wall? No, there arent _ . A. an

15、y / any B. some / any C. some / some D. any/some8. There isnt a book in his hand. There is _ book in his hand. A. no B. not 9. There is a tree _ the playground. A. at B. near 10. - Are there _ shops near here? - No, there are _ shops near here. A. some, not B. some, any C. any, not D. any, no BAABD.

16、 There are three pens on the table. There are not three pens on the table. Are there three pens on the table? Yes,there are.No,there arent. There are some apples on the tree. There are not any apples on the tree. Are there any apples on the tree? Yes,there are.No,there arent. There is an eraser in t

17、he pencil-box. There is not an eraser in the pencil-box. Is There an eraser in the pencil-box? Yes,there is.No,there isnt.变否定句和疑问句，并做回答。.翻译 在桌子上有3支钢笔。 There are three pens on the table. 在树上有一些苹果。 There are some apples on the tree. 在椅子上有一只兔子。 There is a rabbit on the chair. 在铅笔盒里有一块橡皮。 There is an er

18、aser in the pencil-box.Homework.教室里有很多桌子和凳子。There are many desks and chairs in the classroom.桌子上有很多书。 There are a lot of books on the shelf.椅子下有个足球。There is a football under the chair.卧室里有一张床两个桌子。There are two desks and a bed in the bedroom.There is a bed and two desks in the bedroom.房子附近有三棵树。There are three trees near the house. .1. There is a mouse in the room. (改写为一般疑问句，并作肯定否定回答) Is there a mouse in the room? Yes, there is.