初中英语语法—形容词、副词（课堂PPT）

1、2021/3/2912021/3/292形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词性质或特征的词。例如：例如：long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.形容词在句中作形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语定语、表语、宾语补足语等等成分成分2021/3/2932021/3/2942021/3/295 冠代数形大冠代数形大,新色国材名新色国材名冠冠-冠词；代冠词；代-代词；数代词；数-数词；形数词；形-形状、形状、性质；大性质；大-大小、长短；新大小、长短；新-新旧新旧;色色-颜色；颜色；国国-国家、产地；材国家、产地；材-材料、

2、用途；名材料、用途；名-名词名词 an old big brown wooden box 一个旧而大的棕色木箱子一个旧而大的棕色木箱子 two tall young Japanese girls 两位高个、年轻的日本姑娘两位高个、年轻的日本姑娘2021/3/296例题例题1) Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the

3、palace.A. old Chinese stoneB. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old答案点拨：答案点拨：C 由由限定词限定词-数词数词-描绘词描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色旧，颜色) -性质性质-名词名词的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有只有C符合答案。符合答案。答案点拨答案点拨: :A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，年龄，形状，大小形状，大小+颜色颜色+来源来源+质

4、地质地+用途用途+国家国家+名词。名词。2021/3/297当形容词修饰由当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等不定代词时等不定代词时,形容词要放形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后在这些不定代词的之后. 1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?2. I have something important to tell you.3.)3.)修饰不定代词时常后置修饰不定代词时常后置 “不不+ +形形”2021/3

5、/2982021/3/299alone afraid awake asleep alive able2021/3/2910所谓表语形容词所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有：类形容词常见的有：某些以某些以a-a-开头的形容词：开头的形容词：afraid 害怕的害怕的 alive 活着的活着的 alone 单独的单独的asleep 睡着的睡着的 awake 醒着的醒着的 Dont be afraid. 别怕。别怕。Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。现

6、在孩子睡着了。He was alone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。他独自一人在家里。2021/3/29111. She was _ (luck) to lose her money when she went shopping last weekend. 04西宁西宁 2. This kind of skirt looks _ and sells_ . 04天津天津A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice unluckyA3.What do you think of the story written b

7、y Mark Twain? It is _. I like it. 04昆明昆明 A. boring B. bored C. interested D. interesting D2021/3/29121. He made us happy. 2.You must keep the classroom clean 你应保持教室清洁。你应保持教室清洁。2021/3/29132021/3/29141、+ful2、ed2021/3/29153、+ing4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词所有表示天气状况的的形容词2021/3/29165、+ en6、+ern (东西南北东西南北)7.由由“名词名词+

8、ly”构成构成2021/3/29178.复合形容词复合形容词2021/3/29182021/3/2919原级；原级；比较级；比较级；最高级。最高级。 2021/3/29202021/3/2921taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore d

9、ifficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加结尾的双音节词可加-er或或-est2021/3/2922原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest2021/3/2923注意：注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子中，

10、对两在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。来代替前面的词。例如：例如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs.2021/3/29242021/3/2925This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. 2、so+ 形容词原级形容词原级+that丛句丛句 suc

11、h+名词名词that丛句丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door . 3、 too+原级原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 4、形容词原级形容词原级+ enough to do sth. 2021/3/29262021/3/29274、 is the +比较级比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量数量 + 比较级比较级 than He is three years older than his

12、 brother.6、比较级、比较级+ and + 比较级，比较级， “越来越越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热现在越来越热7、The + 比较级比较级，the + 比较级比较级 “越越，就越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖2021/3/29282021/3/29295.、the + 序数词序数词 + 最高级最高级 + 名词名词 + in/ofThe Yellow

13、 River is the second longest river in China4、Which/Who is the + 最高级最高级,A ,B or C ?Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?2021/3/29302021/3/29312021/3/29321.2.最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。 Which is the first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？3.如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所

14、有如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词格时，则不必加定冠词the。Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨天是我最忙碌的一天。昨天是我最忙碌的一天。2021/3/2933用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。全句或名词词组及句子的词。very, early, out, soon, quickly, 等等等等.2021/3/2934副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：1、时间和频度副词：、时间和频度副词：now, then, often,

15、always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等等.2、地点副词：、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等等.3、方式副词：、方式副词：carefully, politely, fast, well, extremely,等等.4、程度副词：、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, rather, almost, so等等.5、疑问副词：、疑问副词：how, where, when, why

16、（放在特殊疑问句（放在特殊疑问句前）前）6、关系副词：、关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾语从句）（通常引导宾语从句）7、连接副词：、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常（通常引导定语从句）引导定语从句）2021/3/29352021/3/29362 2、不规则变化、不规则变化2021/3/2937Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.2021/3/29381、副词副词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不可以修饰形

17、容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。能修饰动词。例如：例如：This flower is very beautiful. I like English very much. (但不能说：但不能说：I very like English.)2、enough作副词时，用在形容词、副词之作副词时，用在形容词、副词之后；后；enough用作形容词时，放在名词前或后用作形容词时，放在名词前或后都可以。都可以。例如：例如：He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. The man has got enough money (or: money enough) to buy

18、 a car. 中考英语专项复习形容词和副词2021/3/29393 3、频度副词的比例表：频度副词的比例表：always100%, usually80%, often70%60%, sometimes, at times30%40%, seldom, hardly ever5%, never0%quite / rather a + 形容词形容词+ 名词名词一个相当不错的女孩一个相当不错的女孩2021/3/29405、good(形容词形容词)well(副词副词) 只有只有表身体好表身体好才用作形容词才用作形容词6、than any other +单数，比较级表最高级的意思单数，比较级表最高级的

19、意思 David jumps highest in our class. = David jumps higher than any other student in our class. The population of China is larger than any other coutry in the world. = The population of China is the largest in the world.2021/3/29417、the+比较级比较级，the+比较级比较级 表表“越越就越就越” The more you study, the more you kn

20、ow. 你学得越多，就懂得越多你学得越多，就懂得越多 你读得越多，你的英语就会越好。你读得越多，你的英语就会越好。_you read, _ your English will be.8、比较级、比较级+and+同一比较级同一比较级,表表“越来越越来越” 越来越重越来越重 越来越热越来越热越来越重要越来越重要 and heavierhotter and hottermore and importantthe better2021/3/29421、一般加、一般加-lycareful- slow-2、辅音字母加、辅音字母加-y结尾，变结尾，变y为为i再加再加-lyhappilycarefullysl

21、owlyhappy- heavy-heavily3 3、以、以e e结尾的形容词：结尾的形容词： trutrue e-tru-truly ly terriblterrible e-terribl-terribly y possibpossibe e- possibpossiblyly, , comfortabcomfortabe e-comfortab-comfortably ly widwide e widwidely ely politpolite e-polit-politelyely2021/3/29432021/3/29442021/3/29452021/3/2946CBC2021/

22、3/29472021/3/29482021/3/2949CBD2021/3/295020.- Did you love your day trip? (10南京南京) - Yes, we enjoyed the roller coaster _ of all. A. most B. little C. need D. less21.Though his grandmother lives _, she never feels _.(10无锡无锡) A. alone, alone B. lonely, lonely C. alone, lonely D. lonely, alone22. The

23、 doctors in ORBIS have done _ an important job _ the patients are all grateful to them. A. too, to B. so, that C. such, that D. as, as2021/3/295123. Mum! The fish tastes _! Could I have some more?(10南通南通) A. terrible B. wonderful C. terribly D. wonderfully24. As the sports meeting, Simon jumped as _

24、 as Daniel. (10 淮安淮安) A. high B. higher C. slow D. slower25. Mr. Brown always makes his class _ and keeps his students _ in class.(10镇江镇江) A. alive, interesting B. lively, interesting C. alive, interested D. lively, interested2021/3/29521.The Yellow River is the second _(long)river in China.2.Zhao L

25、ei is one of _ _ (young) boys in his school.3.Which is _ _ (big),the sun, the earth or the moon ?longestthe youngestthe biggest4.Mary has three brothers.Smith is_ _(tall) of the three.the tallest5.Mount Qomolangma is _ _ (high) in the world .the highest6.Jim jumped _ (high) of the all.highest2021/3/29537.Look at the children on the playground. They are flying kites_ (愉快地愉快地). Lets join them. (10南京南京)8. It is _ (harm) for you to read newspapers in the