河北省2018年中考英语试题及答案解析

1、1 2018 年河北省初中毕业生升学文化课考试英语试卷听力部分（第一节）i. 听句子 , 选出句子中所包含的信息。1.a.easy b.busy c.crazy 2.a.11:15 b.12:15 c.12:30 3.a have a picnic b. have a rest c, have a party 4.a we are already on the plane b. we may be late for the plane c. we are waiting for the plane. 5.a cindy can not cross the street. b cindy tel

2、ls the speaker to cross the street. c cindy should be careful when crossing the street , 听句子 , 选出该句的最佳答语。6 a. sounds good b. glad to hear that c. nice to see you, too. 7. a. hes a policeman b. hes thirty-five c.hes tall and cool.8.a.yes. here you are b no, thank you c. sure, im hungry 9.a i like to

3、travel b. it was great c. they went to a zoo 10.a.why not b.not really c.not at all . 听对话和问题 , 选择正确答案 , 11. what is tina reading? a. b. c.12. where are they talking 2 a. b. c. 13. what are they going to do a. eat breakfast b. go to school c. see a doctor 14. what does tony want jane to do? a. watch

4、a match. b. join the team. c. teach him 15. what is janes last reason to refuse tony? a. she isnt good at baseball. b baseball has too many rules. c, baseball takes a long time to play. 16. where should the woman meet with her friends? a. at the ticket office b. at the coffee shop. c at the bus stop

5、 17. why does she feel worried a. she cant find a taxi. b. the theater is too far c. shes gone to a wrong place 18. what do you think she will do after talking to the man a buy gifts for her friends b hurry to the new theater. c.decide which movie to see . 听短文和问题 , 选择正确答案。19. who is speaking? a. a t

6、eacher b a guide c. a tourist 20. how will the tourists go to see all the places? a by bus. b on foot c by train 21. why dont they have to worry about the weather? a. it isnt raining b. they can enjoy the rain. c. the rain will 3 22. how many students are there in each group? a two b.four c.six 23.

7、who will role-play a phone call first? a. the boys b. the girls c a girl and a boy 24. when can they go somewhere in the role-play? a. on friday b. on saturday c.on sunday 25. what will the girls finally do? a role-play a phone call. b. talk about the boys c copy the key words v. 单项选择1. please come

8、in, alice. welcome to _ house. a. her b. his c. my d. your 【答案】 c 【解析】句意：爱丽丝请进，欢迎来到我的房子。考查代词辨析题。根据句意语境，可知是“我”在欢迎客人的到来，需用第一人称的my，故选 c。2. did you hear the _? a scientist will visit our school. a. advice b. news c. praise d. choice 【答案】 b 【解析】句意：你听到这个消息了吗？一位科学家将参观我们的学校。考查名词词义辨析。advice 意为“建议”；news 意为“消息

9、、新闻” ；praise意为“赞美、赞扬” ；choice 意为“选择” 。根据句意语境，可知 acd 三项意思都与句意不合，故选b。3. this dog looks _. its wearing red shoes.a. clever b. brave c. funny d. careful 【答案】 c 【解析】句意：这条狗看起来很有趣，它正穿着双红鞋。考查形容词辨析题。clever意为“聪明的”；brave 意为“勇敢的”；funny 意为“有趣的”；careful意为“认真的”。狗穿人鞋，而且还是red，所以很搞笑。根据句意语境，可知funny 符合语境，故选c。4. bob, di

10、nner is ready. please wash your hands _ you eat. a. until b. after c. while d. before 【答案】 d 【解析】句意：鲍勃，晚饭准备好了。 请在吃饭之前洗手。考查连词辨析题。 a. until直到才； b. after在以后； c. while当的时候，用于主句和从句动作同时发生；d. before 在以前。根据wash your hands （洗手），结合卫生常识，可知选d 。5. gary is the best singer in my class. no one else _ so well. a. si

11、ngs b. sang c. will sing d. is singing 4 【答案】 a 【解析】 句意：加里是我班最好的歌手。没有人唱得这么好。考查动词时态辨析题。根据 gary is the best singer in my class.可知该句为一般现在时，no one else单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，故选a。6. the bread is really delicious. -thank you i _ it myself. a. make b. made c. will make d. am making 【答案】 b 【解析】 句意：面包真好吃。 谢谢， 我自己做的

12、。 考查动词时态辨析题。根据 the bread is really delicious.，结合句意语境，可知面包是过去做好的，需用一般过去时，故选b。7. can you help me _ the pen? its under the chair.a. ask for b. look for c. pick up d. put up 【答案】 c 【解析】句意：你能帮助我捡起这个钢笔吗?它在你椅子下面。考查动词短语辨析题。a. ask for请求；b. look for寻找； c. pick up捡起； d. put up张贴。根据句意语境，可知pick up “捡起”符合语境，故选 c。

13、8. i _ an invitation to the concert. i cant wait to go.a. receive b. will receive c. was receiving d. have received 【答案】 d 【解析】句意：我收到了音乐会的请柬。我等不及要走了。考查动词时态辨析题。根据句意语境，可知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，需用现在完成时，故选d 。9. look at the picture. the top five tv plays _ in it. a. list b. are listed c. will list d. will be list

14、ed 【答案】 b 【解析】 句意：看这幅画。 前五名的电视剧都在里面。考查被动语态。 根据语境得知the top five tv plays与 list之间存在被动关系；由look at the picture得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故选 b。10. hi, ken. did mrs. zhang tell us _? -yes. she said we should meet there at nine. a. which was the way to the station b. why we should meet at the station c. when w

15、e should get to the station d. who we should meet at the station 【答案】 c 【解析】句意：嗨，肯。张夫人告诉我们什么时候到车站吗？是的。她说我们九点钟在那里见面。考查宾语从句。 宾语从句需用陈述句语序，a是疑问句语序， 可排除。根据答语“ we should meet there at nine.”可知，问句询问的是时间，故选c。5 vi. 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。once there was a king and his daughter. the king asked h

16、is daughter how much she loved him. she said that she loved him as much as the loved _11_. her answer made the king very happy. salt is simple thing, _12_ it is very important. so the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him. salt has many_13_. bodies need salt. if we dont have enough, our bo

17、dies cant work properly. we put salt on icy roads to make them _14_. we also use salt to produce other products, like paper and glass. but for many years, salts most important job was to _15_ food. like other living things, most bacteria(细菌 ) need water to live. salt takes in plenty of water, so mos

18、t bacteria(细菌 ) can not live _16_a salty environment. as a result, salt protects food and many other things. for much of humans history, this ability has made salt _17_ every ancient culture from egypt to china depended on salt. even today, the hard working useful people are _18_ as “the salt of the

19、 earth”.for centuries, salt was also hard to _19_. its usefulness, together with rarity(稀有) made it very expensive. salt could even be used like _20_. in fact, the word salary ( 薪水 ) comes from the word salt. today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life. 11. a. sa

20、lt b. air c. gold d. sugar 12. a. or b. so c. and d. but 13. a. forms b. secrets c. uses d. skills 14. a. wide b. safe c. smooth d. thick 15. a. protect b. provide c. produce d. prepare 16. a. in b. outside c. for d. without 17. a. hopeful b. comfortable c. valuable d. successful 18. a. saved b. dre

21、amed c. invited d. described 19. a. sell b. get c. take d. keep 20. a. money b. medicine c. earth d. food 【答案】 11. a 12. d 13. c 14. b 15. a 16. a 17. c 18. d 19. b 20. a 【解析】试题分析：本文从一个小故事入手，讲了盐在日常生活上的用途和它的药用价值。同时因为它的稀有性使得盐在古今中外都起着很重要的作用并且很受重视。11. 句意：她说她爱他就像爱盐一样爱他。考查名词辨析题。根据下文salt is simple thing, b

22、ut it is very important. so the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him.，可知女儿是拿盐设喻，6 故选 a。12. 句意：盐是简单的东西，但它是非常重要的。考查连词辨析题。根据simple和 important可以看出是相反关系，需用but 连接。可知选d。13. 句意：盐有许多用途。考查名词辨析题。根据下文“we also use salt to produce other products ”可知盐有很多用途。故选c。14. 句意：我们把盐放在结冰的路上以使它们安全。考查形容词辨析题。a. wide 宽

23、的； b. safe 安全的；c. smooth 滑的； d. thick厚的。根据put salt on icy roads把盐放在结冰的路上，可知是为了使路面不那么光滑而保持安全。故选b。15. 句意：但是多年来，盐的最重要的工作是保护食物。考查动词辨析题。根据下文as a result, salt protects food and many other things.，结合句意语境，可知选a。16. 句意：盐需要大量的水，所以大多数细菌不能生活在咸的环境中。考查介词辨析题。a. in 在里面； b. outside在的外面，表位置；c. for为了，表目的；d. without没有。根

24、据科学常识可知，在有盐的环境里大部分细菌不能存活，故选a。17. 句意：对于人类的许多历史，这种能力使盐变得有价值。考查形容词辨析题。a. hopeful有希望的；b. comfortable充裕的； c. valuable有价值的； d. successful成功的。根据下文its usefulness, together with rarity made it very expensive. 有用和稀有使盐非常昂贵，可知选c。18. 句意：即使在今天，辛勤工作的有用的人被称为“地球之盐”。a. saved节省； b. dreamed 做梦；c. invited邀请； d. describe

25、d描述。考查动词辨析题。be described as被描述成；根据句意结构和语境，可知选d。19. 句意：几个世纪以来，盐也很难买到。考查动词辨析题。a. sell售卖； b. get 得到； c. take 拿走；d. keep 保持。根据下文its usefulness, together with rarity made it very expensive. 盐很稀有，可知不易买到，故选b。20. 句意：盐甚至可以像钱一样使用。考查名词辨析题。根据下文in fact, the word salary comes from the word salt.盐被当成薪水，可知是当钱使用的，故选

26、a。点睛：完型填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息 , 充分利用各种线索，语法知识, 以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配，结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。vii. 阅读理解阅读 a、b、c三篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。a dear sir, i ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. first, the 7 colo

27、r is not as green as it is shown on your website. i understand that the picture does not always show the real color, but it should nor be that different. second, i asked for size m because it is the size i usually wear. but your size m is so small that i have to give it to my younger sister. i think

28、 you should be more serious about your business. truly susan rosen dear ms. rosen, thank you for telling us the problems with your order. we hope we can give you better service. we are sending you another skirt with this letter. it is size l, and its green color is brighter than the one you had. we

29、hope you like it. our office hours are 9:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m. please call us if you have any more questions. yours truly victor smith 21. why did susan rosen write the letter? a. to say sorry to her sister. b. to show the picture to smith. c. to tell her problem to a friend. d. to talk about what she b

30、ought. 22. what did victor smith do for susan rosen? a. he helped her cancel the order. b. he sent her a new skirt. c. he asked her to visit the office. d. he called her for another color. 【答案】 21. d 22. b 【解析】试题分析：本文是两封信件，第一封是susan rosen 讲述对订购的裙子不满的地方，第二封是victor smith先生给予相对应的解决方法和回复。21. 题意： susan r

31、osen为什么写这封信？考查细节理解题。根据第一封信中i ordered a skirt from you last month,but there are some problems with it.可知， susan rosen 写信主要是为了向victor smith说明她所买的东西以及问题，可知选d。22. 题意： victor smith为 susan rosen 做了什么？考查细节理解题。根据第二封信中we are sending you another skirt with this letter.，可知送给她一条新裙子，故选b。b edward rose early on th

32、e new-year morning. he looked in every room and wished a happy new year to his family. then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet. 8 when he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars . his face lighted up as he took them. he had wished for a long time to bu

33、y some petty books that he had seen at the bookstore. he left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. as he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. “i wish you a happynew year.” said edward, as he was happily passing on. the man shook his head. “you are not from this country? ”

34、said edward. the man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. but he pointed to his mouth, and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像)to say, “these little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time ”edward quickly understood that these poor people were in tro

35、uble. he took out his dollars, and gave one to the man and the other to his wife. they were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “we thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”when edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. he hung his

36、 head a moment, but quickly looked up. “i have bought no books,” said he, “i gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” he went on, “i think i can wait for my books till next new year.” “my dear boy, ” said his father, “here are some books, more as a reward for your goodn

37、ess of heart than as a new-year gift”.“i saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor german family. it was nice for a little boy to do so. be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a happy new year.”23. edward expected to _ with the money he got from his father. a.

38、help the poor family b. buy something to eat c. buy some pretty books d. learn another language 24. why did the poor man shake his head when edward spoke to him? a. he couldn t understand the boy. b. he wouldnt accept the money.c. he didn t like the boys language. d. he was too cold to say anything.

39、 25. how much did edward give the poor family? a. one dollar. b. two dollars. c. three dollars. d. four dollars. 26. we know that edward _ from the passage. a. got a prize for his kind heart b. had to buy his books next year 9 c. bought the books at the bookstore d. got more money from his father 【答

40、案】 23. c 24. a 25. b 26. a 【解析】试题分析：本文主要记叙了一个叫edward 的小男孩，用父母给自己的两美元去帮助更需要的穷人。最后小男孩不仅从爸爸那得到了喜欢的书作为新年礼物并且还得到了比新年礼物更重要的奖励他人的感谢。23. 题意：爱德华想用从他父亲那儿得到的钱。考查细节理解题。根据he had wished for a long time to buy some petty books that he had seen at the bookstore. he left the house with a light heart, expecting to bu

41、y the books.，可知他想买书。故选c。24. 题意：当爱德华跟他说话时，那个可怜的人为什么摇摇头？考查细节理解题。根据第六段第二句 the man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language.，他听不懂那个男孩的意思，可知选a。25. 题意：爱德华给了贫困家庭多少钱？考查细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“he took out his dollars, and gave one to the man , and the other to his wife和 第二段 when he came

42、 back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars，可知 1+1=2，故选 b。26. 题意：我们从文章中知道爱德华因善良的心获得了一个奖项。考查细节理解题。根据最后父亲的话here are some books, more as a reward for your goodness of heart than as a new-year gift，可知选 a 。点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，

43、所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。 1) 文首呈现主题句。2) 文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4) 文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5) 文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2. 掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时

44、要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。c 10 diy your own desserts we offer different kinds of classed to you all. a very popular class we are offering these 10 days is the class named “diy your own desserts ”.can you imagine how happy your

45、 beloved one will be happy when you give him/her your diy desserts on the special days like birthday, mothers day and father s day? come to our class and make your own desserts. give your beloved one some surprises! the class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience las

46、ting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes (食谱 ) each lesson. the teacher will first show how to cook different recipes in front of you. and then he will guide you on how to prepare and make the food. at the end of the class you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you

47、. what s more, you ll be able to take home the copies of all the recipes. costs: 30 each lesson. you can start at any time. go to our website to get more information about the class. you can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it. 27. you can join the class if you like to _. a. offe

48、r some recipes b. teach how to cook c. make desserts yourself d. get some surprises 28. you will _ in the class. a. eat the meal with the teacher b. celebrate the special days c. learn 2-3 recipes each lessons d. have a hands-on experience 29. you will pay _ for five lessons. a. 30 b. 60 c. 120 d. 1

49、50 30. how can you attend the class? 11 a. make a phone call to them. b. send them an e-mail. c. get information from parents. d. come to the class directly. 【答案】 27. c 28. d 29. d 30. b 【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇广告，主要介绍了diy your own desserts课程的主要内容以及课程的费用和报名的方式。27. 题意：如果你喜欢，你可以参加这个班。考查细节理解题。根据第二段中 come to our

50、class and make your own desserts.，可知选c。28. 题意：在班里你会。考查细节理解题。根据第三段中the class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes each lesson. 在课堂上可以有亲身实践的烹饪经历，可知选d 。29. 题意：上五节课你将支付元。考查数字理解题。根据$30 each lesson 可知，五节课需要$150，故选 d。30. 题意：你怎么能参加

51、这个班？考查细节理解题。根据 you can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it可知，可以通过发送邮件或直接去办公室报名参加，故选b。d “volunteering makes you look at the world differently. you see how little things can change a person s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” mason, a volunteer said. natio

52、nal volunteer week started in 1974 and is held every april. it is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. it is also a perfect opportunity (机会 ) to encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem,

53、 because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organizations expectations (期望 ). some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities. the following tips can help if you have some of these worries. start out slowly

54、, dont add too much pressure. even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someones life. choose an organization with the same interests and common values. take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked. work with a veteranvolunteer. he volunteered a lot, he can

55、 help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organizations expectations. invite a friend or family member to serve. it is a good experience to volunteer with them. finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences ar

56、e perfect. if one experience doesnt work, dont give up and 12 youll surely find the right opportunity.spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in peoples lives. as mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “little things can change a persons life.”31. volunteering can

57、 help_. a. make a decision b. see the world clearly c. thank other people d. make persons life better32. what could be the reason to stop people taking the first step? a. they dont have enough time. b. they are prevented by their families. c. they fear that their abilities are shared. d. they dont e

58、xpect to become volunteers.33. which of the following can help people take the first step? a. start out quickly. b. organize a training meeting. c. invite a friend to be with them. d. join in a group with different values. 34. the underlined word “veteran ” in the passage means “_ ”.a. polite b. hum

59、orous c. young d. experienced 35. what is the main idea of the passage? a. to tell people to make changes in their lives. b. to encourage people to start their volunteering. c. how to make great achievements in volunteering. d. how to keep on volunteering whatever happened. 【答案】 31. d 32. d 33. c 34

60、. d 35. b 【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇议论文，阐述了参加志愿者活动的益处以及如何帮助人们消除对参加志愿者活动的顾虑，鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。31. 题意：志愿服务可以帮助。考查细节理解题。根据第一段第二句you see how little things can change a person s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.，一点点的事情能改变一个人的生活，让每个人都成为一个更好的人，可知选d。32. 题意：什么是阻止人们迈出第一步的原因？考查细节理解题。根据第二段最后一 not having