FundraisingforUniversities(英文版)

1、Fundraising for UniversitiesBrussels, April 25th 20022AgendaiUniversity fundraising practices abroadiFundraising mechanismsiDos and donts in academic fundraisingiConclusion3The share of non-public financing in total funds of public universities in the US has increased by 10% in the ninetiesEndowment

2、s,private giftsand contractsTuitionsand feesState financing198919990.020.040.060.080.0100.0%State appropriations as a % of totalrevenues of US Public universities*4本资料来源550% of donations to US universities come from individualsOtherorganizationsReligiousFoundationsCorporateNon-alumniAlumni1999200020

3、0120.423.224.20102030Private contributions toUS universities (USD B)6Private contributions per student have grown at over 50% per decade 1980199020006909811,59305001,0001,5002,000Private contributions per US universitystudent (USD, inflation adjusted)7About 50% of private funding is used to finance

4、current operationsProperty, buildings& equipmentEndowmentsCurrent operations200124.20102030Private contributions toUS universities (USD B)8The top 3 fundraising public universities in the US raise as much private money as the total budget for universities in Belgium Total budget forBelgian unive

5、rsitiesPrivate contributionsto the top 3 publicfundraising universities1.01.00.00.81.0EUR B# Students:1374501400009Based on US benchmarks, Belgian universities could significantly enhance their private fundraising CurrentBasedon USaveragesBased on US public univ. BDPs?37151050100150200Priva

6、tecontributions(EUR M) CurrentBasedon USaveragesBased on US public univ. BDPs?32132050100150Privatecontributions(EUR M)KULULB10US fundraising is not done exclusively by private universitiesPublic UniversitiesPrivate Universities 6,06902,0004,0006,0008,000Non-public funds raised by the top20 fundrais

7、ing universities (USD M)1110 out of the top twenty fundraising institutions are public universities HarvardStanfordColumbiaYaleJohns HopkinsCornellIndiana Univ.EmoryUniv. Wisc.-Mad.U PennUSCUCSFDukeUCLAUniv. WashingtonUniv. MinnesotaUniv. MichiganOhio StateBerkeleyMichigan State0200400600800Private

8、funds raised, 2000 (USD M)= public= private12Even the most prestigious European universities have significantly lower private funds than top US public schools Average of top10 US publicuniversitiesCambridgeOxford0100200300Private funds raised, 2000 (USD M)13US universities fundraising is facilitated

9、 through a large number of tax-optimal donation optionsOutright, tax-deductiblegiftsProperty giftsBequestsCharitable Lead TrustConstant income producing giftVariable income producing giftGifts to universities that optimize taxes Charitable gift annuity Charitable remainder annuity trusts Pooled inco

10、me funds Charitable remainder unitrusts14Most universities have a well developed website to explain fiscal issues to potential donors15Top fundraising and quality education are highly linked Not among of top 50universities in the USAmong top 50universities in the USTop 20 fundraising universities in

11、 the US05101520“Wealthy” universities can ensure high quality education through: Best professors Best research and education facilities16Therefore most universities have set up Boards of Trustees to give an answer to key quality and independence issuesi How demanding can a funding company be?- Can i

12、t require a class-room to bear its name?- Can it require a university research team to work together with its employees?- Can it have any preemptive rights on the results of the research program that they have helped financing?- Can it have an influence on the university recruitment policy?i Will pr

13、ivate funding be specifically invested in selected projects?i Under which conditions can a funding company play an advisory role for a research program?17Research and education quality is guaranteed through independent control: Harvard examplei Ensure that the University remains true to its Charteri

14、 Give formal consent to major initiatives and to appointmentsi Provide advice to the Corporationi Elected by alumniBoard of OverseersPresident and Fellows of Harvard College(“The Corporation”)i Organise Research and educationi Raise funds18AgendaiUniversity fundraising practices abroadiFundraising m

15、echanismsiDos and donts in academic fundraisingiConclusion19External fundraising is only one source of non-public financing for universitiesTuition feesExternal fundraisingEntrepreneurial activities Revenue from (sale of) spin-offs Investments Sponsored research projects Private sponsors Alumni dona

16、tions Corporate sponsors Foundations20Alumni and other individual donationsSmallMediumLargeHeritages0-2.000 USD Alumni Parents Anonymous Online forms MailingsTypical amountTypical sourcesTypical approach2.000 - 20.000 USD Local entrepreneurs and wealthy individuals (often alumni) Invite potential do

17、nors to social events Create “honor” around donation Research and dare ask “at the right level”20.000 1M USD Local entrepreneurs and wealthy individuals (often alumni) Alumni groups (“class of 76 donates USD 1 M)” Luck, but often linked to alumni status and/or university reputation Relationships0 -

18、20M USD Very wealthy families with a history of charitable giving Luck, but often linked to alumni status and/or university reputationProvide professional assistance (eg. set up trust that provides life-long income for donor)21About 5% of alumni contibute yearly For every alumnus, approx. 50 USD is

19、raised Average alumni donation = 1000 USD 5% of all alumni contribute yearly22European schools have much lower alumni contribution levels than US schools US Bestpractice:DartmouthUS AverageAverageEuropeanuniversity60%5%1%0204060% of alumni that give donations23Corporate donations are often linked to

20、 a tangible return Pure welfare“Tangible” return Exclusive access to students (eg. exclusive Pepsi sales in return for large donation) Primary access to research results (Novartis-Berkeley donation) Set up new research facilities to increase the number of engineers Image building Tie company name to

21、 respected institutions/professors- “Banc of America Dean”- “KBC chair” Toyota donation of USD 1M, without strings attached Anonymous donationsTypical approach Use relationships to get access to corporate leaders Actively approach them with a well prepared file24US foundations most important target

22、is educationOtherArts&CultureHumanservicesHealthEducation 020406080100%Donations from USfoundations, 2000OtherUniversities 01020304050Fifty largest receiversof donations byfoundations in 200025AgendaiUniversity fundraising practices abroadiFundraising mechanismsiDos and donts in academic fundrai

23、singiConclusion265 Dos! in academic fundraisingInvestCreate structureBuild/cherishrelationshipsBe creativeDistribute equally Invest in a good team and support-Professional fund-raising team-Alumni databases - Facilitate and clarify the giving process-Online payment-Yearly forms-“What do u get in ret

24、urn?” Provide “tax” optimization advice to donors Try to elaborate creative solutions to best suit a possible corporate donor 10 year “no Coke on university” in return for a USD 25M donation from Pepsi U of T fundraiser gets a daily list of wealthy patients in the university hospital Chair: 500K-2M+

25、 EUR Professorship:100000+ EUR Fellow: 0-1000 EUR 50% of donations come from individuals Contact wealthy individuals Make donors feel special, keep them informed “Social events” for the wealthy Lectures for donors Newspaper articles Buildings named to donors Pictures/ plates of donors in school Most

26、 donations go to science and business departments. Distribute them across all departments because they are important for a university (reputation) as well - Exam-ples:27Investing in fundraising clearly pays offDartmouth: Fundraising team of 100 FTEsFor every 12c invested, 1USD is raised 28European fundraising teams are underdeveloped JohnsHopkinsUniversityof MichiganDartmouthTypicaleuropeanuniversities1501151000-10050100150Number of fundraising FTEs295 donts in academic fundrais