2018年高考英语一轮复习基础考点聚焦Unit22EnvironmentalProtect

1、Un it 22 En vir onmen tai Protecti on严 2 话题晨背妙笔生花W话题： 自 然(Nature)暴风雨强大的台风援救；营救自然的野生的；荒凉的飓风损害；损坏减少地震灾民沙尘暴涉及灭绝灾区前来救援救援工作被困废墟中变为废墟经济损失1.We will meet at 8: 00 am at the gate, where a blue bus will be waiting.我们将在上午 & 00 在大门口见面，在那里一辆蓝色公共汽车会等着我们。2.I have lear ned from your letter that you are concerne

2、d about the smog whichfreque ntly appears in some areas of China.我从你的信中得知，你很担心在中国一些地区频繁出现的雾霾现象。3.0nly whe n every one take it seriously will we be able to have a beautiful home.只有每个人都重视了，我们才能有一个美丽的家园。1.storm n.2.powerfuladj.3.typho onn.4.rescuev.5.n aturaladj.6.wildadj.7.hurrica nen.8.damagev. . &am

3、p;n.9.decreasev.10.earthquaken.11.victimn.12.sa nd storm13.get in volved in14.die out15 disaster-hit e to rescue17.rescue work18.be trapped inruins（2017 哈尔滨九中高三模拟）假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区委员会请你帮忙用英文以2短文的形式写一封电子邮件，将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。要点：时间：下周六上午 8 : 00 至11 : 00；内容：采摘苹果；报名：办公室，下周四下午提示：带帽子、手套。Dear n eighbors ，We ar

4、e happy to announce thatour community is going to organizean activityfor all the community members. Next Saturday,we are going to pickapples in a village20 kilometers away from our tow n, and all are welcome. We will meet at 800 am atthe gate, where a blue bus will be waiting. Our outdoor activity a

5、nd we ll beback at about 11 o clock.will last 3 hours,If you are interested,please sign up at the office before 5： 00 pmnext Thursdayso that we will make necessary arrangements. We suggest that you bring with you ahat and a pair of gloves.We are looking forward to your joining us in this activity.Co

6、m mun ity Office基础盘点丄自测自评T 救材回顾自主检測卜单词预览1阅读词汇明其义1. ecologyn.2.consultantn.3.principlen.4.boycottn.5.bouncevi.6.coincideneen.7.federaladj.8.roughadj.9.hurricanen.10.mainlandn.11.grandadj.12.changeableadj.13.catastrophen.生态顾问原则，道德准则（联合）抵制反弹巧合联邦的艰难的飓风大陆巨大的多变的巨大的灾难5 : 00 前；（2017 哈尔滨九中高三模拟）假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区

7、委员会请你帮忙用英文以314. mountainousadj.多山的4EII拓展词汇通其变1.reserven.保护区vt.保留；预订宀 reservedadj.预定的，保留的宀 reservationn.保留；预订；保护2.releva ntadj.有关的relevancen.相关3.agriculturen.农业agriculturaladj.农业的4.threatenvt.威胁 threatn.威胁 threateningadj.威胁的； 恐吓的5.separationn.分离，分开 separatevt.分离；分开adj.不同的；各自的6.con structvt.建造宀 con st

8、ructi onn. 建造7.potentialn.可能性，潜在性 potentiallyadv.潜在地；可能地& adoptvt.采用；收养Tadoptionn.收养；采用9.con siderateadj.想得周至U的，体贴的Tconsiderv. . 考虑Tcon siderati onn. 考虑；体贴15. fragileadj.易毁的；脆弱的1.trapvt.使困住2. beyondprep.超出3. sacrificevt.&vi.牺牲；献出4. advocatevt.主张，提倡5. substituten.代替品，代用品6. seizevt.厶厂 t-tl/ tr

9、i T、.Tlr-f依法没收；（用武力）夺取7. armvt.武装& mea nsn.方法9. slidevi.滑行10.fleevt.&vi.逃走11.plugvt.塞住12.carvevt.&vi.雕刻13.slipvi.滑落14.recyclevt.回收利用15.behalfn.代表16.condemnvt.迫使（某人）陷于不幸的境地写作词汇悉甚用13. finance n.资金Tfinancialadj.经济的，财政的510. allocatevt.分配，配给Tallocationn.分配；配给11.sharpenvt.削尖Tsharpadj.尖的；锐利的Tsh

10、arpenern.卷笔刀12. calculatevt.计算，算出Tcalculationn.计算川加沾用用所给词的适当形式填空1. After a long separation , the young couple lived a separate life and in the end they separatedpeacefully.(separate)2. She is so considerate that she has not only considered her own affairs buttaken mine into con_ . (consider)3. These

11、 tables are reserved for the children and the reserved seats by the windoware also taken up , so I ll have to make a reservation foryou next week.(reserve)4. They sent a threatening letter to us, but I thought it was an empty threat . It s no usethreatening us we didn t give in .(threat)5.The old co

12、uple adopted a boy ten years ago and their adopted son treated them well andthe old couple thought their adopti on was the best choice.(adopt)13. finance n.资金Tfinancialadj.经济的，财政的6短语速记1.a_nu mber_of一些2.beyond onescontrol超出的控制， 不受的控制3.look ahead展望未来4.refer_to指，意即，提到；参考5.in_tur n依次；反过来6.lead to引起，导致7.

13、take action采取行动&ahead_of在.前面9.apart from除以外10.answer for（对已产生的不良后果11.call for an end to sth.要求结束12.or else否则，不然13.wrap up结束14.on on esbehalf代表.15.for good永远16.carry off_掠去，夺走17.all in all总的来说18.result in导致19.earn onesliving谋生20.plug onesears塞住耳朵）负责任721.all_the_best祝一切顺利22.as_a_matter_of_fact实际上2

14、3.break_away_from摆脱，脱离(某种思想体系、团体、组织)诰览沾川选用上面的短语填空Many experts believe that it is human activities that 1.have_resultedn/led_to_global warmi ng.AII the acti ons are to be 2.a nswered_for in the future.So we must3.take action to take good care of our environment.We must 4.call for an end tocutt ing do

15、w n trees.5 .In _turn,_we will ben efit from the actions.旬贰仿写$1. looking ahead 为动词-ing 形式作状语Looking ahead, scientistsbelieve that global warming could be one of the biggesten viro nmen tal problems facing the 21st cen tury.【仿写】 展望未来，我觉得公司需要开发一些新的服务项目。Looking_ahead , I think the company needs to deve

16、lop some new services.2. given 用作介词，表示鉴于，考虑到，倘若”Given this data , it seems that the link between humanactivitiesand rising globaltemperatures is not merely a coin cide nee.【仿写】 考虑到冲突很难避免，那么我们就要学会如何处理它。Given_that_the_conflict_is_hard_to_avoid, we need to learn how to deal with it.3. 过去分词短语作后置定语If we

17、add up all these small cha nges made by every one worldwide, they won tbe such small cha nges.【仿写】 由周星驰导演的电影美人鱼在2016 年获得巨大成功。The filmMermaiddirected by Stephen Chow was a great success in 2016.曾单死语法.转述结构和被动语态(川)单句语法填空1. The man said that he would go (go) to visit his uncle the next week.2. The worke

18、rs used to be made(make) to work for ten hours a day.3. The girls said that the new film was(be) worth seeing again.4.The young man is easy-going andis pleasantto_deal (deal) with.5. The plan is going to be carried (carry) out next week.8考点串讲重点突破rail词）匚精研fl reserven.保护区；保留；储备vt.保留；保存；预订(经典例句)You can

19、 t park here , for this section of the car park is reserved for visitors.你不能把车停在这里，因为这个停车区是留给游客的。(1)without reserve毫无异议地；毫无保留地in reserve备用的(2)reserve sth.for sb./sth.为某人/某物保留/预订(3)reservatio nn.保留；预订（房间、座位等）make a reservati on预订（房间、座位等）He asked me to keep a few pounds in reserve to cover un expected

20、 costs.他让我留出几英镑以备不时之需。To our surprise， they have accepted the report s recommendations withoutreserve.让我们吃惊的是，他们毫无异议地接受了报告中的建议。- -基础练习单句语法填空(1) The waitress said that the seat by the wi ndow was reserved for an old man._(2) 1 m sure that he won t accept our suggestionwithout reserve.(3) 1 will call

21、the restaura nt and make a reservation(reserve) in case there snone left.能力提升一句多译提前预订一张桌子是个好主意。(4) lt is a good idea to reserve a table in advance.(reservev.)(5) It is a good idea to make a reservation for a tabl _ in advance.(reservationn.)0 beyondprep.超出，出乎，为.所不能及(经典例句)The tasks they faced seemed

22、far beyond their ability.他们面临的任务似乎远远超出他们的能力。-悄嫌结合落实要同*9OOur kno wledge does not exte nd much bey ond these few facts.我们知道的就很少了。超 The fact is that he is such a n aughty boy that he is bey ond my con trol.事实是，他是这么顽皮的孩子，我实在无法管教。巧学活用句型转换(1) The West Lake is so beautiful that it is hard to describe it in

23、 words.TThe beauty of the West Lake isbey on d_descripti on.(2) 1 m sorry I can t make a final decision on this project.TI m sorry it s bey on d_my_power_to make a final decisi on on this project.0con de mnvt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；谴责；使.注定(经典例句 )The headmaster stron gly condemned empty talk in stead of hard

24、work. 那位校长强烈谴责了不脚踏实地、夸夸其谈的作风。归纳拓展归纳拓展condemn sb.to sth./to do sth.使某人注定；使某人注定做condemn sb.to death判某人死刑be condemned to death被判处死刑The Australianswimmer Horton was widely condemned for his behavior after the match.澳大利亚游泳运动员霍顿在赛后的行为受到广泛谴责。Because of the new rules , some of such children are condemned to

25、 fail.因为新的制度，这样的孩子中有一些注定会不及格。His lack of knowledge condemns him to do the kind of work that needs strength.由于他没文化，他注定要干体力活。beyond one s controlbeyond one s reachbeyond one s powerbeyond descriptionbey ond beliefbey ond doubt超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制够不着，超出.之外超出某人的能力无法形容，难以言表难以置信无疑地除了这几个事实,condemn sb.for.因谴责某人1

26、0基础练习单句语法填空11mistakes.(2) As was expected, he was condemned to ten _years in pris on.能力提升句型转换(3) As was expected , he was sentenced to life imprisonment.TAs was expected , he was_condemned_to life imprisonment.fl sacrificevt.& vi.牺牲，献出n. .牺牲；祭品，祭祀(2016 江苏高考 )From that day on, we learned together

27、, traveled together, and sacrificedtogether.从那天起，我们一起学习，一起旅行，一起奉献。(1) sacrifice sth.to do sth.为做某事而牺牲某物(2) make sacrifices for/to do sth.为.作出牺牲at the sacrifice of.以牺牲.为代价 The woma n sacrificed her career to bring up the childre n.这个女人牺牲了事业来抚养孩子。(2016 全国卷乙)Almost every grandparent wants to be with hi

28、s grandchildren and is willing tomake sacrifices.几乎每个祖父母都想和孙辈在一起，也乐于作出牺牲。巧学活用单句语法填空(1) Mak ing sacrifices (sacrifice) is always a part of bringing up childre n.(2) He succeeded in the experime nt at the sacrifice of his health.(3) Would you sacrifice some of your salary for more holiday time? 目 advo

29、catevt.主张，提倡n. .提倡者，拥护者(教材 P6)Experts advocate that each person play their part.专家们主张每一个人都要发挥自己的作用。归归I纳拓展纳拓展(1)advocate (do ing) sth.advocate that.(2)be an advocate of/forIf you don t learn from the past, youreconde提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 主张从句谓语动词用(should + )动词原形 的提倡者/拥护者12 Ma ny experts advocate reward ing y

30、our child for good behavior.很多专家主张对小孩良好的表现加以奖励。The boy said that his father was an advocate of reforms on the politicalor hersystem.13这个男孩说，他的父亲主张改革政治体制。I strongly advocate that all of us should leann from him and always be readyto help others.我极力提倡我们大家应该向他学习并且随时做好帮助他人的准备。- -基础练习单句语法填空(1) 1 do not a

31、dvocate doin g(do) such thin gs.(2) Animal activists advocate that the government (should)_set(set) up a special orga ni zati onto protect these migrat ing birds.能力提升一句多译他们提倡大家都为那个地区捐些钱。(3)_They advocatedeveryone_donating_some_money_to_the_area _(4)_Theyadvocated that everyone_(should)donate_some_mo

32、ney_to_the_area_也 substituten. .代替品，代用品vt.&vi.(用.)替代；取代(教材 P6)After all, there s no substitute f or our Earth.毕竟，地球是不可取代的。(1) a substitute for.的替代者(2) substitute A for B=substitute B with/by A用 A 代替 / 取代 Bsubstitute for代替，取代 I n eed some one to substitute for me at the meeti ng. 我需要有个人替我参加会议。Not

33、h ing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.大夫所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。巧学活用一句多译我们得把这把破损的椅子换个新的。We must substitute a new chair for the broken one _ .(2)We must substitute_the_broken_chair_with_a_new_on_H threatenvt.威胁，恐吓(经典例句 )While dan ger threate ns we must all take care. 当有危险的时候，我们都得小

34、心谨慎。14(1)threate n sb.with sth.用某事15threate n to do sth.威胁要做某事threate n that.威胁（2）threatn.威胁a threat to sb./sth.对某人或某事的威胁He kept sile nt,for the old man threatened that he would make it public.他保持了沉默，因为那位老人威胁说要公开那件事。China is a peace-lovingcountry , and we have never been a threat to the world.中国是一个爱

35、好和平的国家，我们从来没有成为世界的威胁。The killer threatened to murder him if he didn t obey.这个杀手威胁他说，如果他不照他的话做，他就把他干掉。-基础练习单句语法填空(1) He tied her up and threatened her with _ a six-inch knife.(2) The young girl stood on the top of the building,threateningto_jump(jump).能力提升高考小作文(3) (2015 江苏高考书面表达)交通问题很难解决，它不仅影响着我们的日常生

36、活， 而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。Thetrafficissueisverydifficulttosettle.Itlife,but_may_also_threaten_ peoples_livesOmeans n.方式，方法；手段（教材 RJThe teleph one is a means of com muni cati on.电话是一种交流工具。归归I纳拓展纳拓展by this means通过这种方法by means of用办法；借助by all means一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no mea ns决不， 一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)a means of com mu

37、ni cati on一种通讯/交流工具（2016 上海高考）And the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through themost efficie nt means.而且设计者的目的是通过最高效的方法来解决问题。By no means was he satisfied with the job and he asked us to finish the task by all mea ns.not only affects our everyday他对目前的工作一点也不满意,要求我们务必完成任务。16mean

38、s 作为一个单复数同形的名词，常与主谓一致结合起来考查。若all/some/several/manymeans 作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若 every/each/one/ameans作主语， 谓语动词用单数形式。-基础练习单句语法填空Every possible means has_been_tried(try), but none has worked.(2) AII possible means have_bee n_tried(try), but none has worked.(3) We express our thoughts by means of words_a nd bo

39、dy Ian guage.(4) Some researchers point out that daydream ing is a means of relaxati on.能力提升一句多译(陕西高考)此外，惩罚绝不是一个能帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。(5)Furthermore, punishmentis_by_no_means_a_wise_choice tohelp them grow up men tally and physically.(6)Furthermore,by_no_ means_is_p un ishme nt_a_wise_choice to hel

40、pthem grow up men tally and physically.(倒装) adoptvt.采用，采纳；收养(教材 Pi2)The Chinese government has adopted several noise control plans.中国政府已采用了好几项噪声控制方案(1)adopt an approach采用一种方法(2)adopti onn.采纳；收养(3)adoptedadj.被收养的；被采纳的He decided to adopt a more active approach to the problem.他决定采用一种更积极的方法来解决这个问题。超 We

41、will encourage a wider adoption of this approach for pollution control.我们将鼓励更广泛地采用这种方法来控制污染。基础练习单句语法填空(1)( 牛津词典 )Having no children of their own , they decided to_adopt(adopt) an orpha n.(2) She treated her adopted(adopt) son as if he were her own child.(3) For many childless couples, adoption(adopt

42、) is the best soluti on.17能力提升单句写作/句式升级(4)We have adopted_ma ny_efective_measures_to( wild animals. We can see that the numberof wild animals is increasing.(5)_Having_adopted_many_effective_measures_to_protect_wild_animals, _ cansee that the nu mber of wild ani mals/them is in creas ing.(用现在分词完成式作状语

43、改写句子)a nu mber of一些(经典例句)A large number of people went to the cinema to see the film last week.上周很多人去影院看了这部电影。归【纳拓展归【纳拓展a great/large/、small nu mber of(1)+可数名词复数a great/good manyquite a fewa great deal of(2)+不可数名词a great/large amount ofa lot of/lots of a great/large quantity offmasses ofple nty ofma

44、ny a +可数名词单数(谓语动词用单数)0 0( (重庆高考)The number of them is less than 1, 000, so I hope you can take some effectivemeasures to protect them.它们的数量不足 1 000 只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。 There are a great many tale nted people wait ing to be discovered.众多有才华的人有待于被发现。-基础练习单句语法填空Many a famous pop star was ruined(ru

45、in) by drugs last year.(2) ( 广东高考写作 )A great deal of money wasdonated(donate) to a university byan ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.(3) Large amounts of money are_spent(spend) on advertiseme nts every year.(4) Withmore and more forests cut dow n, large qua ntities of soil采取了很多有效措施)pro

46、tect+可数名词复数或不可数名词18are_being_washed(wash) away.(5) As you can see, the number of cars on our roads keeps(keep) rising these days.能力提升高考小作文(6) (江苏高考书面表达)随着学习英语的人越来越多，在中文语境里理解英语单词并不是很困难。With_the_n umber_of_En glish earners, on _the_rise.to un dersta nd these words in Chin ese con texts.(经典例句 )Theory i

47、s based on practice and in turn serves practice.础是实践，反过来理论又为实践服务。归纳拓展归纳拓展(1) by turns轮流；轮班；交替地take turns (to do sth.)依次；轮流(说、做等)；轮班(做某事)It is sb. s turn (to do sth.)轮到某人(干某事)。(2) in return作为回报 We took turns to drive on the way up to Can ada.在去加拿大的途中，我们轮流开车。I m sure that it s your turn to do the clea

48、ning this time.我确信这次是轮到你们大扫除了。巧学活用一句多译人们通过自己开车来避免延误，这反过来造成更多的问题。People try to avoid delays by using their own cars, and thisin turn creates more problems .(2)People try to avoid delays by using their own cars,which in turn creates more problems .(经典例句 )All in all I won der how much time I end up in

49、vest ing in the whole process.总而言之，我想知道我在整个过程中投入了多长时间。_ _it s not difficult for themin turn依次；逐个地；反而；反过来理论的基all in all总的来说at all何；一点儿19(常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)根本；无论如20after all毕竟;终究in all总共first of all首先， 第一above all首先， 最重要的是All in all, I think it has been a very successful meeting.总的来说，我认为这是一次很成功的会议。You

50、 shouldn t have blamed him at all.He is a little child after all.你根本不该责怪他，毕竟他还是个小孩子。巧学活用用 all 的相关短语填空To be great, you must be smart, con fide nt, and, above_all,_hon est. _(2) AII_in_all,_every road leads to Rome, but I do believe hard work pays off.(3) Don t believe the advertisement.After_all,_it

51、is the customers who pay forwhatever they are give n.岸靓句诵读Happ in ess lies first of all in health，as every one kno ws.For little childre n，they need many things， but above all they need love.After all， they are so youngthat they n eed much love and care.豐句型精祈0 0( (教材 P6)Given this data， it seems tha

52、t the link between humanactivities and rising globaltemperatures is not merely a coin cide nee.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。(1) 本句中的 Given 为介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意 为“倘若，假定”。(2) 表示“考虑到. ”时， given 后还可接 that 从句。(3) give n 还可用作形容词，意为：规定的；特定的。Given her interest in children, I m sure teachi

53、ng is the right career forher.考虑到她对孩子的兴趣，我可以肯定教书对她来说是一种合适的职业。8 It seems reason able to send him away , given_that he is doing quite well.21考虑到他做得很好，派他去似乎是很合理的。About 250 stude nts are work ing with us at any give n( give) time.大约 250 名学生在特定的时间与我们一起工作。220温馨提示引导条件状语从句用法相似的表达还有：considering (that). 鉴于pro

54、vided/providing (that) . 假定seei ng (that).既然；鉴于教材 Pi7)The British luxury liner, Titanic , was on its maiden voyage fromSouthampton to NewYork City , when it struck an iceberg and sank about 153 km south of Newfo undla nd.英国的豪华游轮泰坦尼克号在首次航海，从南安普敦开往纽约城时，突然间撞上冰山，在纽芬兰岛南 153 公里的地方沉船。when it struck an iceb

55、erg and.中的 when 是并列连词，意为这时，就在这时.，不可用while 代替。when 的这种用法常出现在下列句型中：(1) be doi ng.whe n.正在做.这时.(2) be about to do.whe n.将要做.这时.be on the point of doin g.whe n.将要做这时(3) had don e.whe n.刚做完.这时.The other day I was thi nking of this whe n I heard my n ame called.不久前的一天，我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。He was about to

56、leave whe n some one kno cked at the door that morni ng.那天早上他刚要走就有人敲门。-基础练习单句语法填空(1)We had hardly falle n asleep whe n the bell rang last ni ght.(2)She was about to_resign(resig n) whe n her mother was badly ill.(3) The man had just arrived home whe n his best friend rang him up.能力提升句式升级(4) I was ab

57、out to give up. At that time my father told me to keep going.TI was about to give up when my father told me to keep going.(为主从复合句)将简单句合并23难句赏析难句赏析It had bee n declared that the Tita nic was the largest the most tech no logically adva need and thesafest ship that had ever bee n built,the most beautif

58、ul24and this made people believe that it was unsin kable.分析该句是个并列复合句。It had.built是第二个分句。It 是形式主语；真正主语是tha引导的主语从句；第二个 that 引导定语从句，修饰 the safest ship ；第三个 that 引导宾语从句。翻译人们声称泰坦尼克号是所造的最大、最精美、技术最先进、最安全的船只，这 就使人们相信它是不可能沉没的。R高效演练跟踪检测基础训练I单句语法填空1. (2016 上海高考Successful product desig n takes into con siderati

59、o n(con sider)a product s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on.2.Given(give)the present conditions , I think she s done rather well.3. The soldiers, armed(arm) with bows and arrows, are preparing for the nextfight.4.I want to know if you really advocate banning(ban) cars in this city cen

60、tre.5.The con struct ion(con struct) of the two railway lines has bee n completed bynow.6.We were having a class meeting when someone rushed into the classroom.7._ Those kidnappers threatened to_kill (kill) their son ifthey couldn_ t get the money.8.It is not easy for the children to break away from the families and become in depe nde