移民问题论文(中英文)

1、国际移民与国家安全及其有组织犯罪浅析国际移民问题业已成为全球化时代的中心问题之一。根据联合国 研究机构的定义，移民是指在其出生国或国籍所在国以外超过12个 月的人。冃前全球移民数量约为175亿，比90年代初期增长了 46%。这些移民包括难民和申请庇护者、外国留学生、各种长期访客、非法 留居者、澳大利亚、加拿大、美国等国批准获得国籍的外国出生国民。的状况当前国际移民所包括的三种主要矛盾在中国均有反映，并且是某些矛盾的主要集中地。据统计，最近20年以来，中国公费派出留学 人员共有三十二万人，其中仅十一万人学成归国，自费留学的人员回 国率与此相比更低。“智力外流”问题我们并不陌主，关于这一话题的 讨

2、论贯穿了改革开放二十余年的历史。不同的是，似乎八十年代的讨 论侧重于留学与爱国主义的关系等涉及国家政治和个人情感的问题， 而九十年代更多聚焦于经济维度：留学被看作一'项可以用金钱量化 的人力资本投资，较少赋予政治含义。需要注意的新现象是，中国已经迎来了海外留学生的回潮时期， 这表现在“海龟派，'的涌现和不绝于耳的相关讨论。2001年5月，加州 大学伯克利分校李安娜教授在对2000名硅谷移民的调查中发现，来 自大中华区的华人占到硅谷外来技术移民的46%,其中43%愿意在 未来适当时机回国工作，77%在硅谷的华人称自己已有一个以上的朋 友或同事回国。在此之前台湾也曾经历过类似的现象

3、，两者背后都隐 藏着大中华地区高速增长的经济诱因。回国率的上升意味着中国本土和海外移民的经济联系更为深刻 和广泛，也更有可能通过政府保障海外贸易和提供投资便利等政策措 施，使华人移民更容易接受本国政府针对他们的税收计划。在散居模 式中，税收之外的项冃也应在列入规划。聚集大量高级知识分了的发 达国家应当促进这些人员同其祖国之间的学术交流，比如安排外籍学 者回国短期授课，以提升当地的教育水平。这对中国等人口密集的国 家尤其适用。只要具有足够的胆魄和远见，中国就有可能成为世界上 第一个实现散居模式的发展中国家。在此之前，首先需要重新考虑承 认双重国籍的立法，政府也应着手讨论和安排相应的散居模式项冃。

4、the analysis of the international migration and national security including organized crimethe issue of international migration has become one of the central problems of globalization. according to the definition of united nations study institutions, migration means the people who were born more tha

5、n 12 months in other countries than the countries of their birth and origins. for now, the number of global migration is about 175 billion, which grows by 46% than the beginning of 1990's the migrants are foreign-born nationals who are granted and gained citizenship including refugees, applying

6、asylum seekers, overseas students, all long visitors, and illegal residents, australia, canada, and america and so on.i. the state of chinacurrently china shows all the three major conflicts including international migration and it is the main concentration of some conflicts. by the statistics, disp

7、atched overseas people at china public expense in total are 320 thousand, among them, only 110 thousand people return to their countries after study, and the rate of going home in overseas people at their own expense are lower than it. we are not strange to,9 talent floating issue, the discussion of

8、 the topic runs through the reform and opening history for over two decades the difference is that 1980s* discussion focuses on national politics and personal feelings involving the relation between study abroad and patriotism, etc, but 1990s' discussion particularly focuses on economic dimensio

9、n: study abroad is regards as a kind of investment in human capital and is merely given political meaningthe new phenomenon we need to care is that china has ushered overseas students' back-floating period, which shows in the emergence of the returnees and the relative discussion in our ears the

10、 chinese from greater china account for 46% of silicon valley skilled immigrants, 43% of them like to return home to work at an appropriate time in the future, 77% of the chinese in silicon valley claim at least one of their friends or colleagues going home according to the research in 2000 silicon

11、valley skilled immigrants in may.2001, which is done by the professor li anna in university of california, berkeley. taiwan has experienced the similar phenomenon before, it hide the economic cause of rapid growth in greater china behind them.the rising of going home means the economic relation betw

12、een local china and overseas immigrants is much deeper and broader, it is probable to pass by policy measures, such as government protecting foreign trade and offering investment facilitation, which can let chinese immigrants accept local policies for their taxes plan easily .in the pattern of diasp

13、oras, the item other than taxes also should be included in plan. the developed countries which gather a host of highly intellectual should promote the academic exchanges between them and their motherland, for example arranging foreigners going home to have the short lessons for improving the local education level. it applies to dense population countries like china if having enough courage and foresight, china will probably become the first developing country in t