(完整word版)初中英语宾语从句语法汇总讲解人教新目标版,推荐文档

1、用心爱心专心1宾语从句1.定义：宾语从句在复合句中作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词和某些形容词的宾语。2宾语从句的表现形式1）从属连词that引导。2）从属连词if / whether引导3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which引导。4）连接副词where，when，how，why引导。5）由be+形容词再加that从句。 （常见的形容词有：sure, glad, afraid, pleased, satisfied, surprised等）、及物动词后接宾语从句的情形（一般跟在see, say, tell, know等动词的后面）1）以从属连词that引导的宾语从句。如：R

2、ick told us that he felt terrible.里克对我们说他感到不舒服。We know he hes already returned from Sweden.我们知道他已从瑞典回来了。注意：that在引导宾语从句时在下列情况中不能省略：1有and来连接两个或以上的宾语从句，最后一个宾语从句前的that不省略。Everybody could see what happened, why that happened and that Tomwas frightened.大家都看得出发生了什么事情，为什么发生，并知道Tom非常害怕。2that引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时，th

3、at不能省略。如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。3that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不可省略； 如：That he ever said such a thing I simply don我无法不相信他曾说过这样的话。4主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，We decided，in view of his special case鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定录用他。2）从属连词if / whether引导的宾语从句。 如：I doubt whether he will

4、 succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。I dont know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，和连接副词where，when，how，why等引导的宾语从句。 如：I wonder what hes writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。I want to know where you live.He didnt know when his brother left.I d

5、ont know why didnt attend the meeting.Please let me know when the train arrives here.She really doesnt know what she should do next.t believe.that不可省略。 如：用心爱心专心2Could you tell me when the party will begin tomorrow? Mr. Wang didnt tell us where he worked tenyears ago.I need to go to the bank. Could y

6、ou tell me where it is?Do you know when will Mr. Smith come again?Will you please tell me how I can download the music?Do you know what she ate yesterday?、介词后的宾语从句 宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：He was deeply pleased by what occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很高兴。I am sorry for what I said just now.我为我刚才说的话道歉。I am curiou

7、s as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。有时介词可以省略。如：I dont care（for）who marries him. Be careful（as to）how you do that.三、某些形容词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词that可省略。如：I am q

8、uite sure （that） he will come tomorrow.Im afraid you dont understand what I said.恐怕你没领会我说的意思。Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。My father is glad that I have passed the exam. I am satisfied that his s

9、tatement was true.四、 关于宾语从句的一些补充说明1如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。He has made it clear that he will not give in.他已表明他不会屈服。2作介词的宾语： 连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语， 只用在except，but，in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it作形式宾语。如：He is a good

10、student except thathe is careless.他是个好学生，只是有点粗心。You may rely on it that I shall help you.你可以指望我会帮助你的。3介词后的宾语从句不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：Are you sorry for what youve done？你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？4引导宾语从句时连词whether和if的区别我不管谁跟他结婚。 你要注意做这件事的方式。用心爱心专心3if和whether引导的宾语从句时很多时候可以互换使用， 但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与ornot连用。如

11、：I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。用if引导从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用whether.试比较：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.前句既可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；又可理解为条件状语从句， 意为“如果你去的话，请告诉我一声”。下句意为“请告诉我你是否想去”。5宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句， 有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：I dont think you are right.我认为你错了。I dont believe theyve finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完工。I dont sup