2022年2022年分词作状语专题教案

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载分词作状语专题适用学科英语适用年级高一适用区域学问点全国现在分词；课时时长120 分钟过去分词教学目标使同学把握分词作状语的各种题型的做题方法教学重点“分词作状语”题解题方法教学难点把握分词作状语这类句式教学过程一.复习预习分词的形式：1. 动词 -ing形式；2. 动词 -ed 形式二.学问讲解与例题精析分词作状语为高考考查的热点和重要考点,其热点考查内容如下：一.确定分词形式分词作状语时,通常放在句首,并且用逗号与主句隔开；同时,分词作状语时其规律主语与主句主语应保持一样,也就为说在确定挑选现在分词仍为过去分词时,要判定主句主语与分词中心词

2、的关系；假如句子的主语为动词 -ing 形式所表示的动作的发出者（即表主动或正在进行）,分词形式选用现在分词；假如句子的主语为动词 -ed 形式所表示的动作的承担者时（即表被动或完成）,分词形式选用过去分词；例： 1、 、 i stretched my hand out for it.a. i saw the book i wanted on the shellb. the book i wanted was on the shellc. seeing the book lying across the deskd. lying on the desk精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎

3、下载学习必备欢迎下载分析：分词作状语时,其规律主语应与句子的主语一样；依据这一原就,可知句子的主语i 只能与 see保持一样； 假如选 a、 该句中没有连词,没能构成并列句和主从复合句,此时要选用非谓语动词形式；所以选c2、 seen from the hill、 the park looks very beautiful.分析：“ seen from the hill ” 为过去分词作状语；分词作状语时,其规律主语应与句子的主语一样；依据这一原就,可知,“the park”为“ seen from the hill ”的规律主语,它们之间表示被动关系,所以分词形式用seen.二确立句子主语可

4、能为谁确立句子主语可能为谁时,仍旧遵循分词作状语时其规律主语与主句主语应保持一样的原就；反过来要依据分词形式确立句子主语；例： having been attacked by terrorists、 .a. doctors came to their rescueb. the tall building collapsedc. an emergency measure was takend. warning were given to tourists分析 : 此题仍考查非谓语动词的用法；句中“having been attacked by terrorists ”为现在分词作状语；分词作 状

5、语时, 其规律主语应与句子的主语一样；依据这一原就, 可知“受攻击” 的应为 “ the tall building ”、 即“ having been attacked ”的规律主语为“the tall building ” .句意为“大楼由于受到恐惧分子的突击而倒塌”. 答案: b三独立主格结构分词作状语时其规律主语与主句主语应保持一样,但当分词规律主语与主语不一样时,分词要有自己独立的规律主语,这种主语经常为名词或代词,置于动词-ing 形式或动词 -ed 形式之前；这种名词/代词 +动词 -in g/动词 -ed 结构在语法上被称为独立主格结构；此时分词形式的挑选取决于名词/代词与v-

6、ing/v-ed 形式所表示动作的规律关系,假如它们之间表示主动或分词动作正在进行,挑选现在分词,假如它们之间表示被动或完成,挑选过去分词；1、 名词 /代词 +动词 -ing例： spring coming on、 the trees turned green. 2,名词 /代词 +动词 -ed例： the question settled、 they felt released.3, with/without+ 名词 /代词 +动词 -ing/-ed例： with the tree grown tall、 we get more shade.our school looks beautif

7、ul with the flowers coming out.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载the battle was over without a shot being fired.四分词作状语时,相当于一个状语从句；例： weight、 the doctor has warned me to keep off sugar.a. i mputting onb. having put onc. as i mgainingd. to gain分析：在并列句和主从复合句中、 逗号只起分隔作用、 前后两部分的规律关系必需使用连接词来表达; 否就要使用非谓语动词. 该

8、题中 b, c 两项为非谓语动词作状语、 但其规律主语与主句主语不一样、 所以只能使用连接词来表达前后两部分的规律关系. 答案 : c五现在分词和过去分词作独立成分英语中一些特别的分词可用作独立成分,不需要规律主语；这种无依着动词形式结构已经成为固定用法；常见的不需要规律主语的动词-ing/-ed 形式结构 :considering that考虑到 supposing that假如 generally speaking一般说来 frankly speaking坦白说 judging from从判定 talking of说到concerning关于 setting aside.除开 coming

9、 to谈到 allowing for.考虑到proving/provided that假定 supposing/suppose that假如seeing that既然given that假设；假如；考虑到put frankly坦白地说taken as a whole 总的说来例： 1. put frankly、 i dontagree with what he said.坦白地说,我不同意他说的话；2. given the general state of his health、 it may take him a while to recover from the operation.考虑到

10、他的一般身体状况,他手术后复原过来可能需要一段时间；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载3. supposing he is ill、 who will do the work.假如他病了,谁来做这工作呢？三.课堂运用一.用作时间状语1. 典型例句seeing the cat、 the mouse ran off. 见到猫,老鼠就跑了；the work finished、 he went home.工作做完后,他就回家了；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句引导时间状语的从属连词需依据句意来确定,如上面两句也可转换成：when as soon

11、 as the mouse saw the cat、 it ran off. after the work was finished、 he went home.3. 高考实例whendifferentcultures、 we often pay attentiononlyto the differenceswithoutnoticingthe many similarities. 2006浙江卷 a. comparedb. being comparedc. comparingd. having compared【分析】此题答案选c,分词短语when comparing different c

12、ultures 相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures ；二.用作缘由状语1. 典型例句being very weak、 she couldn't move.她由于身体虚弱而不能行动； his car broken down、 he had to walk.他的车坏了,所以只好走路； much discouraged、 she moved on to london.她很懊丧,搬到了伦敦；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作缘由状语通常可转换成由as、 because、 since、 now that 等引导的缘由状语从句,如上面三句也精品学习资

13、料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载可转换成：as she was very weak、 she couldn t move. because his car was broken down、 he had to walk.because she was much discouraged、 she moved on to london.3. 高考实例(1) with so much trouble、 we failed to complete the task on time. 2006四川卷 a. facedb. facec. facingd. to face【分析】答案选

14、a ；现在分词短语faced with so much trouble 可转换成缘由状语从句because we were faced with so much trouble ；(2) for the breakdown of the school computer network、 alice was in low spirits. 2006福建卷 a. blamingb. blamedc. to blamed. to be blamed【分析】答案选b；现在分词短语blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可转换成缘由状

15、语从句 because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network ；三.用作条件状语1. 典型例句working hard、 you will succeed.假如努力工作,你就可以胜利；adding them all up、 we can find the answer.假如把它们加起来,我们就可以得到答案；united、 we stand; divided、 we fall.团结就存,分裂就亡；given more time、 we could have done it better.假如多给点时间,我们

16、可以做得更好；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if 引导的条件状语从句,如上面几句也可转换成：if you work hard、 you will succeed.if we add them all up、 we can find the answer.if we are united、 we stand; if we are divided、 we fall.if we had been given more time、 we could have done it better.3. 高考实例 time、hell make a first-class tenni

17、s player. 2003北京春 a. having givenb. to givec. givingd. given【分析】答案选d；give与其规律主语he 为动宾关系,用过去分词,应选d；分词短语given time可转换成条件状语从顺if he is given time ；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载四.用作让步状语1. 典型例句living miles away、 he attended the course.虽然住在几英里以外,他仍去上课；defeated、 he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了,他仍为一个受欢

18、迎的拳击手；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though、 although、 no matter等引导的让步状语从句,如上面两句也可转换成：although he lived miles away、 he attended the course. thought he was defeated、 he remained a popular boxer.3. 高考实例no matter how frequently 、 the works of beethoven still attract people all over the world. 2006广东卷 a.

19、 performed b. performingc. to be performed d. being performed【分析】 答案选 a ；现在分词短语performed 在此相当于they are performed ；no matter how frequently they areperformed 的意思为“无论它们（指贝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次”；五.用作相伴状语1. 典型例句he sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报；don't you sit there doing nothing.别什么也不干坐在那里；he

20、came in、 followed by his wife.他走了进来,后面跟着他的妻子；2. 懂得技巧懂得“相伴状语”的关键为要懂得“相伴”二字；分词短语 用作相伴状语时,它表示的动作相伴句子谓语动作同时发生,即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作,分词短语所表示的动作相伴性的次要动作；3. 高考实例(1) don t sit there nothing. come and help me with this table. 2006湖北卷 a. do b. to do c. doing d. and doing(2) my cousin came to see me from the countr

21、y、 me a full basket of fresh fruits. 2006安徽卷 a. brought b. bringing c. to bring d. had brought(3) whenever he was asked why he was late for class、 he would answer carelessly、 always the same thing.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载2006 江苏卷 a. saying b. said c. to say d. having said(4) we often provide

22、our children with toys、 footballs or basketballs、 that all children like these things.2006 全国卷 a. thinking b. think c. to think d. thought【分析】以上四题答案分别为cbaa ；六.用作方式状语1. 典型例句he earns a living driving a truck.他靠开卡车谋取生；i'm returning you letter as requested.我按要求给你退信；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作方式状语与用作相伴状语的情形比较接近；

23、有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成by doing sth 的结构,如上面第一句也可换成：he earns a living by driving a truck.注：近几年高考对分词用作方式状语的情形考得较少；七.用作结果状语1. 典型例句he fired、 killing one of the passers-by.他开枪了,打死了一个过路人；he died、 leaving his wife with five children.他死了,留下他妻子和五个儿子；it rained and rained、 vehicles bogged and bridges washed out.雨不停

24、地下,车辆陷入泥沼,桥梁被水冲去；2. 懂得技巧分词 短语 用作结果状语时,通常可转换成并列句,如上面两句也可转换成： he fired and killed one of the passers-by.he died and left his wife with five children.it rained and rained、 and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washed out.3. 高考实例(1) he glanced over at her、 that though she was tiny、 she seemed very w

25、ell put together. 2005广东卷 a. noting b. noted c. to note d. having noted【分析】答案选a,此句也可换成：he glanced over at her and noted that though she was tiny、 she seemed very well put together.(2) oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year、 a record us$ 57.65 a barrel on april 4.精品学习资料精选学习资料

26、 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载2005 山东卷 a. have reached b. reachingc. to reach d. to be reaching【分析】答案选b,此句也可换成：oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year and reached a record us分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式：* doing： 用来表示主动,且前后动作同时进行；returning home later、 my friend learned that the policehad been to the

27、flat.* having done:用来表示主动、且动作发生在主句之前； having seen the film before、 i decided not to see it again.* being done:用来表示被动、且前后动作同时进行； being questioned by the police、 he felt frightened.* done:用来表示被动且完成destroyed in the storm、 the house will be rebuilt.* having been done:用来表示被动,而且强调动作连续一段时间或次数；having been defeated three times、