飞机大战实训报告

1、目录1. 概述 . 2. 相关技术 . 2.1 碰撞检测 . 2.2 coblist链表 . 2.3 设置定时器 .2.4 背景滚动技术 .2.5 内存释放技术 .3. 总体设计与详细设计 .3.1 系统模块划分 .3.2 主要功能模块 .4. 编码实现 . 65. 实训中遇到的主要问题及解决方法 . 496. 实训体会 . 501. 概述这次实训，目的以vs 为环境，利用 mfc，使用 c+ 语言编写一个简单的飞机大战游戏 。实现的主要功能：1. 有开始游戏界面，上下左右键控制飞机自由移动，空格键发射炮弹。2. 设有关卡，每打完一个boss就会过关，每过一关战机炮弹会升级，敌机随机发射子弹数

2、量增加。3. 战机起始十条命，可以通过过关和吃到道具增加血量。4. 战机子弹打中敌机， 敌机就会爆炸，boss血量随关卡升高而增多， 打败敌机或者 boss会有分数加成。5. 设有无敌模式和普通模式，无敌模式大招无限，生命无限，战机导弹直接升至最高等级。2. 相关技术2.1碰撞检测用 crect类的 getrect() 函数可以获得当前对象的矩形区域, intersectrect() 并用此函数判断二者是否碰撞。2.2 coblist链表这个程序使用 coblist 链表来存储各效果。 coblist 类似于一个双向链表， position类型的变量为链表的键。使用position 变量，既可

3、以作为链表循环中的循环变量，也可以作为标记某个位置的标签。我们可以通过获得某元素的position 来访问它。本程序中主要用到的函数有：getheadposition （）：获取链表首元素的position ；addtail（）：将新的元素添加到链表最后；getnext( position& rposition ) ：使 rposition指向下一个元素。2.3 设置定时器settimer() 函数来设置定时器。2.4 背景滚动为了让游戏场景更加逼真，游戏节奏更加合理，可以通过让背景滚动来提高游戏的场景效应，实现这一技术时，可以将一张背景图片复制为2 张，从上到下连续的拼接在一起，使其

4、不会出现图片的卡顿和瞬移现象。2.5内存释放技术这个程序中有大量的地方需要使用内存，如果不及时删除会出现闪图等情况，容易导致程序崩溃，要及时释放内存资源。3. 总体设计与详细设计3.1 系统模块划分3.2 主要功能模块游 戏 系玩家游戏关卡敌机生玩 家 控 制 模类关系图：4. 编码实现/ planegameview.cpp : cplanegameview 类的实现void cplanegameview:updateframe(cdc* pmemdc)/ 绘制天空if(level=0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpback

5、ground.loadbitmap(idb_bitmap1);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系敌机过关战机过关boss死亡进战 机碰 到导 弹或 者敌 机或 者战 机血 量每 关只 有一 个bosscbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int

6、 curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if(level=1&l=0&boss=0)pmemdc-fillsolidrect(0, 0, game_width, game_height, rgb(0, 0, 0);l+;z=1;if(level=1&l!=0&am

7、p;boss!=0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitmap(idb_bitmap1);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 d

8、c static int curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if (level = 2 & l != 0 & boss != 0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitm

9、ap(idb_map2);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &d

10、cmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if(level=3 & l != 0 & boss != 0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitmap(idb_map3);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitm

11、ap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &d

12、cmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if(level=4 & l != 0 & boss != 0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitmap(idb_map4);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);/兼容bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobjec

13、t(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if(level=5 & l != 0 & boss != 0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbi

14、tmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitmap(idb_map5);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int curr = 1;if (curr bit

15、blt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);if(level5 & l != 0 & boss != 0)cpaintdc dc(this);cbitmap bmpbackground; / 位图对象bmpbackground.loadbitmap(idb_map6);cdc dcmem; / 定义一个工具箱（设备上下

16、文）dcmem.createcompatibledc(&dc);bitmap bitmap;bmpbackground.getbitmap(&bitmap); / 建立绑定关系cbitmap *back = dcmem.selectobject(&bmpbackground); / 保存原有 cdc 对象，并选入新 cdc 对象入 dc static int curr = 1;if (curr bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height - curr, &dcmem, 0, curr, srccopy);pmemdc-bitblt(

17、0, game_height - curr, game_width, curr, &dcmem, 0, 0, srccopy);pmemdc-setbkmode(transparent);pmemdc-settextalign(ta_center);pmemdc-settextcolor(rgb(255, 255, 255);if(level=0)wchar_t s81000;wsprintf(s8, l单击鼠标进入游戏 );pmemdc-textoutw(game_width / 2, game_height / 2, cstring(s8);if(level=1&z!=0)

18、wchar_t s91000;wsprintf(s9, l点击进入下一关 );pmemdc-textoutw(game_width / 2, game_height / 2, cstring(s9);if(level=1&z=0)wchar_t s11000;wchar_t s21000;wsprintf(s1, l得分： %d, number);wsprintf(s2, l关卡： %d, level);pmemdc-textoutw(35, 0, cstring(s1); pmemdc-textoutw(200, 0, cstring(s2);wchar_t s31000;wspri

19、ntf(s3 , l按下“ f1”开启无敌模式 );pmemdc-textoutw(390, 0, cstring(s3);wchar_t s41000;wsprintf(s4, l按下“ f2”关闭无敌模式 );pmemdc-textoutw(390, 20, cstring(s4);wchar_t s51000;if(wu=0) wsprintf(s5, l大招数量 :%d,dazhao );pmemdc-textoutw(430, 40, cstring(s5);if(wu=1)wsprintf(s5, l大招数量 :无限);pmemdc-textoutw(430, 40, cstrin

20、g(s5);wchar_t s61000;wsprintf(s6, l按下空格发射子弹 );pmemdc-textoutw(60, 50, cstring(s6);wchar_t s71000;wsprintf(s7, l按下“ z”大招 );pmemdc-textoutw(56, 70, cstring(s7); / 绘制我方战机if (m_pme != null)m_pme-draw(m_pmemdc, false);else /game overcstring str = _t(game over!);pmemdc-textout(game_width / 2, game_height

21、/ 2, str);/ 绘制血条if (m_pme != null)cstring z1;z1.format(l战机 hp（%d）, shengming);pmemdc-textout(47, 30, z1);pmemdc-fillsolidrect(90, 33, shengming * 10, 10, rgb(255, 0, 0);if (bxt = 1)cstring z2;z2.format(lboss hp (%d),boss);pmemdc-textout(35, 100, z2);pmemdc-fillsolidrect(80, 108, boss * 2, 10, rgb(0,

22、 255, 0);/ 绘制 导弹、爆炸、敌机、子弹、boss 、boss子弹for (int i = 0;i draw(pmemdc, false)m_objlisti.removeat(pos2);delete pobj;/ 复制内存 dc 到设备 dcm_pdc-bitblt(0, 0, game_width, game_height, m_pmemdc, 0, 0, srccopy);void cplanegameview:ai()static int ncreator = rand() % 5+20 ;/ 随机产生敌机if (ncreator =25&count=50&

23、count=75&count=100&count=150&count5&count%200=0&bn=0)m_objlistenboss.addtail(new cboss);bxt = 1;bn+;if (m_pme = null)return;/ 检测四个方向键，移动战机for (int i = 0;isetvermotion(0);m_pme-sethormotion(0);nmemotion = getkey(vk_up);if (nmemotion = 1)m_pme-setvermotion(1);nmemotion = getkey(vk_

24、down);if (nmemotion = 1)m_pme-setvermotion(-1);nmemotion = getkey(vk_right);if (nmemotion = 1)m_pme-sethormotion(1);nmemotion = getkey(vk_left);if (nmemotion = 1)m_pme-sethormotion(-1);/ 产生战机导弹if (getkey(vk_space) = 1)/ 按下了空格键if (m_pme != null & m_pme-fired()cpoint pt = m_pme-getpoint();if (leve

25、l = 1 & wu = 0)m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 10);if (level = 2 & wu = 0)m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);if (level = 3 & wu = 0)m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_o

26、bjlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 30);if (level = 4 & wu = 0)m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y +

27、30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x , pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 40, pt.y + 30);if (wu = 1)m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 20, pt.y + 30);m_objlist

28、enbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x, pt.y + 30);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 40, pt.y + 30);if (getkey(vk_f1) = 1)/ 按下了 f1if (m_pme != null & m_pme-fired()wu = 1;if (getkey(vk_f2) = 1 & wu = 1)/按下了 f2if (m_pme != null & m_pme-fired()wu = 0;/boss 发射子弹static int num = 100;if (m_pme !

29、= null & num getpoint();cbossball * t;for (int i = -level + 1; i zx = int(4.0*sin(3.14* double(i) / 9);t-zy = int(8.0*cos(3.14* double(i) / 9);m_objlistenbossball.addtail(t);num = 100;num-;/ 敌机发射子弹if (m_pme)cpoint planept = m_pme-getpoint();for (position epos = m_objlistenenemy.getheadposition()

30、; epos != null;)cenemy* penemy = (cenemy*)m_objlistenenemy.getnext(epos);if (!penemy-fired()continue;cpoint ept = penemy-getpoint();bool by = false;/ 敌机在战机前面if (penemy-getmontion() = 1 & ept.ygetmontion() = -1 & ept.yplanept.y)by = true;if (by & ept.x = planept.x & ept.x planept.x +

31、cmyplane:plane_width)cball * t;for (int i = -level + 1; i getmontion();t-xx = int(8.0*sin(3.14* double(i) / 9);t-xy = int(8.0*cos(3.14* double(i) / 9);m_objlistenball.addtail(t);/boss 子弹打到战机if (m_pme != null)position npos3 = null, npos4 = null;crect mrect = m_pme-getrect();for (npos3 = m_objlistenbo

32、ssball.getheadposition(); (npos4 = npos3) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistenbossball.getnext(npos3);crect brect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)/ 添加爆炸效果if (wu = 0 )shengming-;/生命减少m_objlistenexplosion.addtail(new cexplosion(mrect.left, mrect.top);

33、/ 删除子弹m_objlistenbossball.removeat(npos4);delete pball;if (shengming getrect();for (npos1 = m_objlistenenemy.getheadposition(); (npos2 = npos1) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistenenemy.getnext(npos1);crect brect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mnrect)/ 添

34、加爆炸效果if (wu = 0 )shengming-;/生命减少m_objlistenexplosion.addtail(new cexplosion(mnrect.left, mnrect.top);/ 删除子弹m_objlistenenemy.removeat(npos2);delete pball;if (shengming getrect();for (bpos1 = m_objlistenball.getheadposition(); (bpos2 = bpos1) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistenball.getnext(bp

35、os1);crect brect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)/ 添加爆炸效果if (wu = 0 )shengming-;/生命减少m_objlistenexplosion.addtail(new cexplosion(mrect.left, mrect.top);/ 删除子弹m_objlistenball.removeat(bpos2);delete pball;if (shengming getrect();for (bpos1 = m_objlistendazha

36、o.getheadposition(); (bpos2 = bpos1) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistendazhao.getnext(bpos1);crect mrect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&mrect, brect)dazhao+;/ 删除子弹m_objlistendazhao.removeat(bpos2);delete pball;/ 吃生命if (null != m_pme) position bpos1 = null, bp

37、os2 = null;crect mrect = m_pme-getrect();for (bpos1 = m_objlistenming.getheadposition(); (bpos2 = bpos1) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistenming.getnext(bpos1);crect brect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)shengming+;/ 删除子弹m_objlistenming.removeat(bp

38、os2);delete pball;/ 战机导弹炸掉敌机position mpos1 = null, mpos2 = null;for (mpos1 = m_objlistenbomb.getheadposition();(mpos2 = mpos1) != null;)cbomb* pbomb = (cbomb*)m_objlistenbomb.getnext(mpos1);crect brect = pbomb-getrect();position epos1 = null, epos2 = null;for (epos1 = m_objlistenenemy.getheadpositio

39、n();(epos2 = epos1) != null;)cenemy* penemy = (cenemy*)m_objlistenenemy.getnext(epos1);crect mrect = penemy-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)count+;number += 5;/ 添加爆炸效果m_objlistenexplosion.addtail(new cexplosion(mrect.left, mrect.top);/ 删除导弹if (da = 1)m_objlistenbo

40、mb.removeat(mpos2);delete pbomb;/ 删除敌机m_objlistenenemy.removeat(epos2);delete penemy;break;/ 战机导弹炸掉子弹position mpos3 = null, mpos4 = null;for (mpos3 = m_objlistenbomb.getheadposition(); (mpos4 = mpos3) != null;)cbomb* pbomb = (cbomb*)m_objlistenbomb.getnext(mpos3);crect brect = pbomb-getrect();positi

41、on epos3 = null, epos4 = null;for (epos3 = m_objlistenball.getheadposition(); (epos4 = epos3) != null;)cball* pball = (cball*)m_objlistenball.getnext(epos3);crect mrect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)/ 添加爆炸效果/ 删除导弹m_objlistenbomb.removeat(mpos4);delete pb

42、omb;/ 删除敌机m_objlistenball.removeat(epos4);delete pball;break;/ 导弹炸掉 bossposition mpos5 = null, mpos6 = null;for (mpos5 = m_objlistenbomb.getheadposition(); (mpos6 = mpos5) != null;)cbomb* pbomb = (cbomb*)m_objlistenbomb.getnext(mpos5);crect brect = pbomb-getrect();position epos5 = null, epos6 = null

43、;for (epos5 = m_objlistenboss.getheadposition(); (epos6 = epos5) != null;)cboss* pball = (cboss*)m_objlistenboss.getnext(epos5);crect mrect = pball-getrect();crect tmprect;if (tmprect.intersectrect(&brect, mrect)boss-;/ 添加爆炸效果m_objlistenexplosion.addtail(new cexplosion(mrect.left, mrect.top);/ 删

44、除导弹m_objlistenbomb.removeat(mpos6);delete pbomb;if (boss getpoint();m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 50, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 20, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 70, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 100, pt.y + 80);m_objli

45、stenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 130, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 550, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 520, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 160, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 490, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtai

46、l(new cbomb(pt.x - 460, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 190, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 430, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 400, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 220, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.

47、x - 370, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 340, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 250, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 310, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 280, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x, pt.y + 80);m

48、_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 30, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 60, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 90, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 120, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 150, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.add

49、tail(new cbomb(pt.x + 570, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 180, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 540, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 510, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 210, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(

50、pt.x + 480, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 450, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 240, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 420, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 390, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 270, pt.

51、y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 360, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 330, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x + 300, pt.y + 80);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 50, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 20, pt.y + 60);m_objlist

52、enbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 70, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 100, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 130, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 550, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 520, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(n

53、ew cbomb(pt.x - 160, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 490, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 460, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 190, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 430, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 400, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 220, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 370, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 340, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 250, pt.y + 60);m_objlistenbomb.addtail(new cbomb(pt.x - 310,