英语音标教学PPT

1、 简明当代英语语音2为什么为什么要学习音标？要学习音标？31.1.发音准确，说地道的英语发音准确，说地道的英语2.2.拼读法记忆单词拼读法记忆单词 3.提高自主学习性，增加词汇量提高自主学习性，增加词汇量 4.整体语感提高整体语感提高4最新国际音标简介第一单元1,学习英语首先是掌握英语音标，记录英语音素的符号叫作音标。音标通常放在两条斜线（/）内.2,英语语言在其发展的历史进程中产生了繁多的音标种类。而我们要学习的，同时也是教科书中所采用的最新“国际音标” 。5第一节 国际音标简介3,最新“国际音标”共有48个音素,由发音时气流是否受阻可分辅音和元音两大类。在发音过程中由气流通过口腔或鼻腔不受

2、阻碍而发出的音叫元音;在发音过程中由气流通过口腔或鼻腔受阻碍而发出的音叫辅音.4,英语辅音和元音在英语语言中的作用，就相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。67+要想掌握好英语音标，我们要了解发音器官和发音部位，并学会运用舌，唇，软颚，硬颚等位置和形状的变化正确发出各种不同的音。为了更好的理解 各小结的发音要领描述，从而以正确的方式调动所需的发音器官，我们必须仔细学习下面的发音器官图。89+最新“国际音标”中元音音素共有20个，分为单元音和双元音两种。单元音即为发音时，舌位、唇形、开口度等始终不变的元音。双元音是由两个单元音组成，发音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动，口型有变化的元音。+根据元音发音时舌位（即

3、舌的最高点的前后位置）变化可以把单元音分为前元音，中元音，后元音。1.舌位在口腔前部的时候发出的元音叫做前元音。2.舌位在口腔中部的时候发出的元音叫做中元音。3.舌位在口腔后部的时候发出的元音叫做后元音。10最新“国际音标”中辅音音素共有28个.+按发音时是否振动声带可分为浊辅音和清辅音两大类。英语辅音中有许多音素是清辅成对的，即发音时，两个音素的发音器官位置相同，只有声带振动与否的区别。11121，/i:/+例词：be meat sleepbelieve weak+发音要领：发音时，嘴角向两边张开，口型扁平，舌尖轻抵下齿，前舌部向上颚抬起，流露出微笑表情，发音时间持续较长。132./i/+例

4、词 big , fifty, city发音要领：发音时舌尖抵下齿，嘴唇微微张开，舌前部抬高，口型扁平，发音时间短促。143./e/+例词：fed best fresh Wedding+发音要领：发音时，张口程度比/i/大，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指尖，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。15+4./ /+例词：at have flat stand Saturday+发音要领：发音时，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，上下齿容纳两个指尖16发音练习:A:Beef or chicken?B:Let me see. Chicken for me , please.A: Tea or coffee?B:Tea for

5、 Lee and coffee for me, please.A:Im pleased to meet you.A:Is it chicken?B:No, its cheeseA: Is it ready to eat?B: Yes, you neednt heat it before you eat.17+1. Jim gives Lily a big kiss+2.His little sister is sitting in the middle+3.It is still winter not spring yet.+Chant:+Two little kittens are sitt

6、ing on the hill, one is Bill, one is Jill.+Run away Bill, run away Jill.+Come back Bill, come back Jill.18DialogueA:Who is this fellow?B:He is TedA:Who is Ted?B:Hes my best pen-friend.A:How did you get to know him?B: You make a guess before I tell you.19+A: Hi! Hows your back?+B: Its getting btter,

7、thanks+A:Well, Im glad to hear that.+A:Whats the matter, Mary?+B:I had a bad day yesterday.+A:What happened?+B: I went shopping and lost my bag. A:I heard you got a pet, didnt you?+B:Yes, I got a cat from Ann+A:What does it look like?+B:Oh, its black and white205，/a:/+例词：art fast march party father+

8、发音要领：发音时，舌身放低，后缩，舌后部拢起：口型张大，全开：声带振动，发音延续较长。21+例词：saw born course talk morning+发音要领：发音时，舌身尽量降低并收缩，舌后部抬起;双唇收圆收小，并稍向前突，发音延续较长。22+例词：hot boss lost doctor want+发音要领：发音时，舌身尽量降低，并后缩，舌后部抬起：口型稍收圆，但不向前突出，发音短促。23+例词：do you tooth choose rule+发音要领：发音时，舌身后缩，舌后部尽量抬起：口型较小，较圆，更突出。发音延长。24+例词：book good put wood push+发

9、音要领：发音时，舌身后缩，舌后部抬起;口型收圆，稍微突出，比/u:/的口型稍放松，发音短促。25+Dialogue:+A:Where do you live, Mark?+B: I live in the Fifth Street near the National Park.+A:The National Park? Is it a large park?+B:Oh, yes. Its the largest park in the Canada.+A: By the way, is there a supermarket near your place?+B:Oh, yes. Theres

10、 a very large supermarket near my home. Its also the largest in Canada.+1.The farm is far from the park.+2.Please park the car in the car park.+3.Its very hard to start the car.+4.It will do a lot of harm to the heart.26+Dialogues:+A: Can we have a dinner before you leave for the north?+B:Thanks. Bu

11、t we have more things to do before leaving+A:What if you run into a storm in the sea?+B:Well wait till the storm is over.+A:Have you ever been in a storm before?+B:Yes. We ran into a storm last fall.1.I was bored to death by the boring job in the shop2.When the storm was coming, the ship had to call

12、 at a port3.The general managers office is on the fourth floor at the end of the corridor.27+Dialogues:+A:Shall we go swimming, Mary?+B:Im not in the mood+A:Whats the matter?+B: My daughter is trying to stay away from school.+A:Thats why you are singing the blues.+B:Anyway, Ill have to work things o

13、ut and put her back to school.1.The news is too good to be true.2.This is a once in blue moon chance3.You must pull out the decayed tooth.4.He bought some fruit for the group.28+Dialogues:+A: May I have a look at the book?+B: Which book?+A:The book Jack gave you last week.+B:You mean the book on woo

14、dcarving?+A:Yes. I think its a very nice book.+B:But what do you want it for?+A: Not me. My husband wants it. He s big on woodcarving.2910， / +例词：up but dose just rough+发音要领：舌身后缩至口腔中部，舌后部稍抬起：双唇较扁，开口较大，发音短促。30/ /:/ / +例词：sir her third worth early+发音要领:发音时，舌位抬高，舌身放平，口型微张，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉较紧张，发音时间较长。31+例词：abou

15、t again teacher paper river+发音要领：发音时，舌身放平，舌中部稍抬起；口型微开，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉较放松。/ /在词首或词中发的较模糊，在词尾时应适当延长。32+Dialogue:+A:Look at this guy. He seems to have too strong lust for bucks.+B:But you cant go without money.+A:And one cant have bucks and love at the same time.+B:But few girls would love a man without buck

16、s.+A:And few girls would love a man who only has bucks.+B:weller+A:Trust me. Love built on money is not true love.33+Dialogues:+A:Who are these two girls, Mark?+B:I dont know. But one seems to be older than the other.+A:Sure. The one on the right is certainly older than the one on the left.+B:What i

17、s the girl on the left wearing?+A:She s wearing a mini-skirt+B:Where are they?+A:They are in the church.34+Dialogue+A:Whats the name of this magazine?+B:Its the famous Time magazine.+A:The Time magazine? What is it called in Chinese?+B:Its 时代周刊 in Chinese.+A:Can people in China have access to the ma

18、gazine?+B:Yes,they can.3536第三单元 双元音双元音/ei/13./ei/例词：eight day face gate pay+发音要领：发音由/e/向/i/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型由半开到半合，舌位随之抬高。37+A:Hey, Rachel. Did you take the test?+B:No, I couldnt make it.+A:How come you couldnt make it?+B:I went to see a Broadway Play.+A:What a shame! When will you take the makeup test?

19、+B:Maybe in April or MayA:Mrs. Taylor is a good dressmaker, isnt she?B:Yes. The new dress she made is great.A:Maybe I need her to make one for me.B:Wait a minute, Jane. Its time to bake the bread. 38+14./u/+例词：old so show note cold+发音要领：发音时，由/向/u/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型逐渐由半开到小而圆，舌位由半低到高。39+A:Im going to the g

20、rocery store. Would you like to go with me?+B:Sorry. I have to write a letter.+A:Anything I can do for you?+B:Can you get some tomatoes for me?+A:OK. How many do you want?+B:One kilo. Thanks. 40+15./ ai/+例词： eye tie ride knife arrive+发音要领：发音时，由/ a /向/i/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型从开到合，发此音时，注意将音发足。41+All day long t

21、he sun shines bright,+The moon and stars come out at night.+From twilight time they line the skies.+And watch the world with quiet eyes.42+16./ au/+例词：out how about cloud shout+发音要领：发音时，由/ a /向/ u /自然滑动，滑动过程中，双唇收拢收圆：口型由大到小，舌位由低到高，注意声音发足。43+A:I need someone to help me with the housework+B:What do you

22、 want him to do?+A:Well. Milk the cow, kill the mouse, wash the towel and clean the house.+B:How could you find the one that could do these things well?+A: Thats what I am worried about.44+17./ ? i/+例词：boy joy join enjoy spoil+发音要领：发音时，由/ ? /向/i/自然滑动，但不到/i/时，舌位就停止。滑动的过程中，双唇逐渐由圆变扁，口型由大变小。45+A:I want

23、to buy a toy for Roy.+B:For Roy? You want to buy him another toy?+A:Why not? He enjoys playing with toys.+B:He enjoys destroying toys, too. Youd better not spoil him.+A:We are going out tomorrow. Will you and your friends join us?+B:Thats a good idea, but I have an appointment .+A:I guess you are go

24、ing to a joint adventure for a job interview.+B:Thats right. I dont think I will miss the chance. 46+18./i/+例词：ear fear here clear near+发音要领：发音时，由/i/向/自然滑动，滑动过程中，/i/发音较清楚，/发音较模糊，双唇始终半开。47+A: Would you like to have anything to drink?+B:Yes.Id love to have some beer.+A:How do you like it, iced or with

25、out ice?+B:Without ice. I dont want to have the taste spoiled.+A:Here you are.+B:Thanks. Oh, its very good beer.+A:Im glad you like it. By the way, whats your plan for the summer holiday?+B: Ive no idea. Maybe Ill be going surfing with Jack.+A:What about going surfing together?+B:Thats a good idea.4

26、8+19./e/+例词:air care hair share parent+发音要领：发音时，由/e/向/自然滑动。第一个成分/e/有似于/ei/，但开口比/ei/大。滑动过程中，开口程度稍稍收小。49+A: Where will the trade fair be held, Jack?+B: The trade fair will be held in the Town Hall.+A: Why dont you go there for your pears?+B:I dont think we can sell the pears at such a trade fair.+A:Do

27、 you know that Mike has been meddling with your business?+B:Yes, I do. But I dont care what he has been doing. He wont harm us a hair.+A:Does your boss know that?+B:Yes, he does. But Mike didnt seem to get in his hair.50+20./u/+例词：poor tour sure rural Europe+发音要领：发音时，由/u/向/自然滑动，滑动过程中，口型由收圆变为半开。51+A:

28、 Its a pity that there are fewer and fewer well-preserved old structures.+B:Yes. And Im sure they will totally disappear in a few years time.+A: But tourists are not interested in the high-rise modern blocks.+B: The trouble is that people cannot see that point.52 辅辅 音音 第四单元531, /p/ 、 /b/例词：pit pay o

29、pen happy properBit blue baby bike better 发音要领：发音时，双唇紧闭，气流突然冲开双唇，冲出口腔。/ p/是清辅音，声带不振动，/b /是浊辅音，声带振动。（/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/）542./t/t/、/d/d/例词：too take tie touch right Do dirt card tired would发音要领：发音时，舌尖紧抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然张开，气流冲出口腔。 / t/ 是清辅音，声带不振动，/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。553./k/./k/、/g/g/例词：kick book bike dock kee

30、p Gate get egg ghost girl发音要领：发音时，舌后部抬起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，气流冲开阻碍后，冲出口腔。 /k/ 是清辅音，声带不振动，/g/是浊辅音，声带振动。56A:Peter, would you like to have a meat pie?B:No, thanks. Please pour some water into the pot.Im thirsty.A: I love you, Miss Brown.B:Sorry, Mr Black. But I love Paul.A: Miss Brown , but Paul wont be a good h

31、usbandB:Maybe not. Will you be a good husband, Mr Black?A: You bet, Miss Brown.B:But this is just your own opinion. 57Tongue twister:This is a hat, that is a capThis is a cat, that is a rat.The cat is in the hat, the rat is in the cap58-ed 在/t/、/d/结尾的动词后发/id/He mended the radio for meThey boarded th

32、e plane on timeShe wanted to see the filmPaul admitted he made a mistake.592.如果词中有三个辅音相连，中间的/t/、/d/通常弱化甚至脱落Exactly， mostly, handbag, dustman, landlord3.如果前面的词以/t/或/d/结尾，而后面有辅音开头，/t/h和/d/很容易脱落Next week, first sight, last night, bend back, old man, world wide.60-ed在清辅音结尾的动词后发/t/We walked for a long ti

33、meShe stopped and have a lookI reached school at 8.I missed my mother a lot.611 1，/ /f f/ / & /& /v v/ /例词：fly far wife off laugh Very village live over save发音要领：发音时，下唇轻触上齿 ，气流由唇齿间的缝隙通过，摩擦成音。 /f/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。622./2./& /& /例词：think thank thief mouth teeth This those then th

34、at发音要领：发音时，舌尖轻触上齿背部，气流从舌齿间的缝隙送出。 / /是清辅音，声带不振动，/ /是浊辅音，声带振动。633./s/&/z/3./s/&/z/例词：so sir pencil piece dress Zoo zone zero user close发音要领：发音时，舌端靠近上齿龈，气流从舌端 和齿龈间通过，形成摩擦音。 /s/是清辅音，声带不振动，/z/是浊辅音，声带振动。644./4./ /&/ /&/ / /例词：she sheep wish sure shy Pleasure vision division decision leisur

35、e发音要领：发音时，舌身抬起，靠近硬颚，舌端抬向上齿龈，形成狭长的通道，气流由此通过。双唇稍微收拢，并略突出。 / /是清辅音，声带不振动，/ /是浊辅音，声带振动。655./h/5./h/例词：he her how who ahead发音要领：发音时，口张大，在通过声门时，发出轻微的摩擦。气流经过口腔时，不受阻碍。 /h/是清辅音，声带不振动。666./r/6./r/例词：run right cry bread red 发音要领：发音时，舌尖卷起，抬向上齿龈后部，但不发生摩擦，舌两侧稍收拢。口型略突出，气流通过时，发生轻微的摩擦。 /r/ 是浊辅音，声带振动。67A:What can I d

36、o for you?B:Im looking for a pair of earings.A:Well, here they are. The latest style.B:How beautiful! Ive never seen anything like them.A:Well, you can have them for eleven pounds.B:I think five is enough.A:What? Five pounds?B:Well, seven pounds,then.68A:Could you pass me that book, Catherine?B: Oh,

37、 you mean this one ,father?A: No, not that one, the other one. Yes, thats it.B:There you are, father. Is that all?A: Yes, thats all for the moment. Thank you, Catherinr.69A:He has lots of hobbies.B: And he said hes always busy with his paintings and photographsA: Hes won a dozen prizes for his paint

38、ings and photographs.B: But as for his restaurant in the townA:He lets his cousin look after his restaurant.B: He sounds more like an artist than a businessman.70A: Sir, this will suit you. Its in a very fashionable shade.B:But I just need a simple shirt.A: This one, perhaps. Its got some special se

39、wing on the sleeve.B:Cant you show me a simple shirt in a ordinary shade?A: Why not try it on, sir?B:Perhaps I should try the next shop.71A: That gives us a lot pleasure.B: What do you mean?A: Well, the lost national treasures have come back.B:I heard of that, The national treasures were stolen.A: T

40、he detective cracked the criminal case and returned the national treasures.B:It seems that measures must be taken to protect the national treasures.72A: Carol, it was wrong of you to get your mother worriedB: Im so sorry Im late. But Henrys car broke down.A: You shouldnt go out with Henry.B:But I do

41、 love Henry. And Im going to marry him.A: Really, Carol, its a horrible decision.731. /t t /&/&/ d d / /例词：child check reach teach catchJob page June just judge发音要领：舌尖舌端抬高，贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍。气流冲出阻碍摩擦成音。口型略突出，稍微成方型。741. /t t /&/&/ d d / /例词：child check reach teach catchJob page June just ju

42、dge发音要领：舌尖舌端抬高，贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍。气流冲出阻碍摩擦成音。口型略突出，稍微成方型。752./2./trtr/&/&/drdr/ /例词：try tree trick true track Dry dream dread drop drive发音要领：舌身与/r/相似，舌尖向上卷起，并抵住上齿龈后部，气流冲出舌尖和齿龈之间的阻碍。双唇收拢，稍向前突出。763./ts/&/dz/3./ts/&/dz/例词：pets coats gets points wants Roads aids reads seeds lands发音要领：舌端贴住上齿龈，形

43、成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍，口型扁平。77A:Well have a pleasant journey, I guess.B:Oh, its going to be a challenge. Having a journey by jetA:Take it easy. Just get some rest, John.B:Actually, Im a little excited. I ve never taken a jumbo jet.1. Great changes have taken place in China2.Jenny had chicken and French fries for lunch3.Jim urged uncle John to buy a digital watch.4.Jane enjoyed sandwiches very much .78A:How are you, Jane?B:Not bad, thanks.A:How about your children?B:Theyre doing fine. These are their pictures.A:How cute they are! Which one is the oldest child?B:Oh, he is. H