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1、    西方教育博士培养改革的新理念与新做法    七、结语与启示在西方语境中,作为专业学位教育的重要组成部分,教育博士改革是应对高等教育大众化、市场化及知识商品化给高校博士教育带来的挑战的重要举措。专业学位教育博士试图补充乃至代替肇始于德国柏林大学的洪堡式学术传统以学术研究为导向,培养研究人员的现代研究型大学和研究生教育的哲学博士培养模式。67毫无疑问,面向教育实践情境,针对专业的教育实践者,强调专业实践和学术研究循环互动的教育博士培养理念和实践正在演化为世界现象和发展潮流。68反观我国教育博士改革试点,2010年在北京大学等15所试点院校开始的教育博

2、士专业学位教育已进入经验总结和专项评估阶段。69下一步如何完善专业学位教育博士的培养目标、方案、过程,需要在积累本土实践经验的同时秉持全球视野,汲取西方教育博士培养改革的新理念、新做法。其一,明确教育领域博士研究生的专业型与学术型两种培养模式的独特性,但又不过分夸大其差异性。对于教育实践的理解不应局限于操作性技术和具体行动,而应囊括批判反思、理论价值行动三重逻辑。70在具体实践过程中,打破教育哲学博士与教育博士之间的藩篱,建立两者的密切联结,才能为教育博士创造不同类型知识交融汇合、专业实践与学术研究彼此互动的平台。其二,大学可引入教育行政部门、中小学校等其他教育组织乃至商业企业的力量,建立合作

3、伙伴关系,这既能为解决教育实践问题出谋划策,也能推动教育博士的专业发展与新知识的共建,为联合培养教育博士提供可能。同时,在教育博士的课程设置、教学方式、毕业要求等方面,也应鼓励创新,采取灵活而多样的做法。例如,采用基于信息技术的远程教育、翻转课堂等方式,使授课内容、方式和时间安排更加灵活。其三,大学等教育博士培养单位可彼此联合互助,成立专业学位教育博士的专业学会,这不仅为培养单位之间的经验分享、知识互动提供机会,也能形成合力,提高教育博士的社会声誉和专业地位;更能够以统整教育博士的培养目标、毕业标准、课程方案等方式,为大学、教育学院培养教育博士提供指南,提高培养质量,让教育博士的培养更规范。参

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