在小学美术课堂中培养学生的创新能力

1、在小学美术课堂中培养学生的创新能力伴随二十一世纪的来临，人类将步入一个快速发展变化的知识经济时代，创新是知识经济发展的动力，创新是人才素质的核心。江泽民主席的几次讲话中指出：“迎接未来科学技术的挑战，最重要的坚持创新，创新是一个民族的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力”。并进一步强调“创新的关键在人才，人才的成长靠教育”小学美术课是实施素质教育的主战场，也是培养生创新能力的重要途径。这就要求教师在教学的各个环节中确立发挥教师的主导地位学生的主体地位，以提高课堂教学质量、效率和学生的创新。 一、时代需要创新教育、美术教育不可替代 艺术的生命在于创新。特别是美术课相对于其它科目来说，美术本身对于规

2、范的绝对性，结果的唯一正确性等要宽松的多，通过美术教育能有效地发展学生的创造力基本上已经成为教育界的共识。 创造和超越是美术的灵魂，可以说，没有创造，就不会有美术，而美术作品的价值在很大程度上是由独创性体现出来的，著名学家马蒂斯曾宣称：“一幅新画是一种唯独一次的事迹，一种新的诞生，对人的精神所把握的世界观增加了一种新形式”。美术家的超越是通过不断的自我超越而超越他人，走在前列。大艺术家毕加索就不仅是作品的创造者，而且是方式的创造者。 在每节课的学生完成作业过程中，我引导学生冥思苦想寻求灵感，引导着学生发现一个个新奇的构思，辅助大家将想法付诸实现，共同分享着他们完成与众不同的作品时的成功所带来的

3、愉悦。美术课的课堂辅导与培养二十一世纪创新型的人才是密不可分的。 二、创新教育的实处应落实在课堂辅导环节中 然而在日常听评课过程中，我发现还存在着这样的现象，一节课的前十五分钟的讲授新课：欣赏、讨论、范画、讲解可以说是跌荡起伏、精彩纷呈。而布置完学生作业，课堂辅导时，美术教师或是缄默不语，来自走遛；或是寥寥几句，不得要领，再有依旧喋喋不休，絮絮叨叨，打断学生思路。其后果是学生的作业要么普遍问题、大量存在；要么学生好的想法，无力实现；更可怕的是学生作品千人一面，没有特色，学生的创新能力被扼杀在教师的不经意中。归根结底是未将学生做为学生的主人，未能深入的实施素质教育、创新教育。将学生当做木偶、容器

4、，过分强制猛灌或者放任自流，失掉了点播学生创新的机会。这样的辅导可能在具体教学方法上，学生技法学习上（带有某种强制性）是成功的。而在教育上则是失败的，所在我在日常教学中对课堂辅导模式进行初探。 三、构建新型美术课课堂辅导模式 辅导是美术课教学主要形式，即不能讲完课就完事大吉，也不能将辅导与全面教学等同。课堂辅导也是教学的延续。教师应按本课教学目的，作业步骤，课业类型等有计划的对学生提出明确的要求，贯彻以点带面的原则，通过提示、辅导个别典型带动全班。 例如五年级“立体化工课”长城，不再要求学生完成一份自己的作业，而是发给每组一张大底纸，要求将长城连接成串，还可以用废纸制做山脉、士兵、树木、河流。

5、这节课课堂辅导重点，我没有放在技法的精雕细刻，而是将主要精力用来协调各组关系，造成一种创新技术的气氛，学生自发浓厚的兴趣，天马行空般的想，无拘无束的做，各组作业展示时欣起了高潮，一个个小纸人（手拿长矛）形成方阵、整队待发，一棵棵小树郁郁葱葱。创新是一件多么神奇的事情，赋与我们生活瑰丽的色彩。 课堂辅导为教师培养创新型人才，提供了宽广的舞台。课堂辅导是一种过程，要突出过程教育，淡化结果教育。罗恩菲德曾说：在艺术教育里，艺术只是一种达到目标的方法，而不是一个目标，艺术教育的目标是使人在创造的过程中变得更富创造力，而不管这种创造力施用于何处。假如孩子长大了，而由他的美感经验获得较高的创造力，并将之应

6、用于生活、职业中，那么艺术教育的一个重要目标已经达成。 所以在小学美术课课堂辅导中，要将培养学生创新意识为重点。我们的小学生正是江总书记所说“人的思维创造活动最好年龄，一般是二十几岁到三十几岁”的前奏，在这个前奏期通过美术课加强创新教育，让创新的精神、创造能力或为小学生的“第二天性”，成为二十一世纪的创造型人才，对整个民族创新能力的提高和持续所产生的影响，将是无法估量的。qcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30k

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