定语从句专项练习

1、学习好资料定语从句专项练习欢迎下载（一）定义及相关术语1 .定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词 之后。2 .先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3 .关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有 when, where, why 等。关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policema

2、n.该句 中, who is shakinghands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man ,"who"是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man ,在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词从句中充当的成分that人/物主语/宾语which物主语/宾语who人主语whom人宾语whose人定语（whose+n.一起充当从句的主语）Examples:who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。1、The boyswhoare playing football are from Class One. 先行词关系代词（主语）（译：那

3、些正在踢球的男孩是一班的。）2、 Thosewhowant to go to the museum must be at the school gate at学习好资料欢迎下载 先行词 关系代词（主语）7 tomorrow morning.（想去博物馆的人必须在明晨 7点到大门口集合。）-whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。3、 The girl（ whom ） the teacher often praises is our monitor.先行词关系代词（宾语）（老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。）注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who来代替，也可省略。Eg.

4、 The man （ whom / who ）you met just now is my old friend.Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。4、The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 先行词 关系代词（主语）（制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。）5、The film（ which ） they went to see last night was not interesting at all.先行词 关系代词（宾语）（他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。）That指人时，相当于 who或who

5、m ;指物时，相当于 which.。在定 语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。6、 The number of peoplethat / who come to visit this city each year 先行词关系代词（主语）reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。7、The personthat /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 先行词关系代词（宾语）（你介绍给我的那个人很友好。）8、The seasonthat / which comes after spring is summer.先行词关系

6、代词（主语）（春天以后的季节是夏季。）9、The giftthat/which I received from my friends is a teddy bear.1 I学习好资料欢迎下载 先行词 关系代词（宾语）（我从朋友那里收到了一个泰迪熊的礼物。）Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，或者whose+N. 一起构成从句的主语。10、He has a friendwhose father is a doctor.他有一个朋友的父亲是一个医生。先行词whose+father构成从句的主语注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is

7、broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。Examples :1、The school （which / that） he once studied in is very famous. 一The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。2、This is the

8、boy （whom / who / that） I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。3、The manager whose company I work inpays much attention to improving ourworking conditions.The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving ourworking c

9、onditions.我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。如：介词仍放在短语动词的后面。含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，1 .注意:学习好资料欢迎下载 look for, look after, take care of 等。This is the watch （which / that） I am looking for.（正）这是我正在找的手表。This is the watch for which I am looking .（误）2 .若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom ,不可用who, that ; 关系代词指物时只可用 which ,不可用that。关系

10、代词是所有格时用 whose。 The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.（正） 你®J才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. （误）3 . “介词 + 关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most,each, few等代词或者数词。如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very k

11、ind to him.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。(四)关系副词引导的定语从句(when/where/why ),从句中不充当 任何成分。1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the daywhen I first came to this school. 先行词关系副词（我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。）2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Hunan is the citywhere I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。 先行词关系副词3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。I don' t

12、know the reasonwhyhe looks unhappy today. 学习好资料欢迎下载 先行词 关系副词（我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。）注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。Eg:Great changes are taking place in the citywhere / in which they live.先行词 关系词 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。The reasonwhy / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.先行词 关系词他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原

13、因是十分明了的。From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.自从他在农村读/、学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”隔开用逗号”隔开意义上从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删 除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完 整。只是对先行词的补充说明，如 删除，主句仍能表达完整的意 思。译法上的”通常译为先行词的定语” 通

14、常译成主句的并列句。关系词 上A.作宾语时可省略B.可用thatC.可用who代替whomA. /、可省略 B.不用thatC. /、可用 who代替whom:非限制性定语从句举例学习好资料欢迎下载 His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。Last summer I visited the People's Great Hall, in which many importantmeetings are held every year. 去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年 都要

15、举行许多重要会议。(六)特殊情况1、不能用that的情况(1)非限制性定语从句中不能用that,which/who/whom/whose (2)介词+关系代词，不能用that,只能用 “介词+which/whom ”2、只能用that的情况(1)当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除外)，all, none, few,little, some 等不定代词 时，或当先行词 受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如:There seems to be nothing tha

16、t is impossible to him in the world.对他来说彳以乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。There is littlethat I can do for you.我不能为你干什么。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who,如：All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.I1所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：在伦敦他彳门参观 The first place that they visited in London was

17、 the Big Ben.学习好资料欢迎下载 的第一个地方是大本钟。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。(4)当先行词被the very, the only 修饰时。如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这正是我要买的词典。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 王华

18、是我校唯一出席会议的人。(5)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing by the gate?站在门 口 的那个人是谁？ (6)当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。(7)以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通 常可以省略。如：他回答The way （that / in which ） he answered the que

19、stions was surprising. 这些问题的方式令人惊奇。（七）关系代词as引导的定语从句（1）as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。另外，as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是发展中国家。如：o as修饰时，关系词常用such, the same当先行词受（2）.学习好资料欢迎下载 He is not such a fool as he looks.他可不象他看上去的那样傻。This is the same dictionary a

20、s I lost last week.这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。注意：1）当先行词受the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：She wore the same dress that she wore atMary's wedding.她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。（八）定语从句与同位语从句的区别（1）定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词 的具体内容，它与先行

21、词是同位关系。The plane that has just taken off is for Paris. （定语从句）刚刚起飞的那架飞机是开往巴黎的。The fact that he has already died is quite clear.（同位语从句）他已经去世了,这个事实很明了。（2）定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。同位语从句主要由连词that引导，在从句中一般不担当成分； 有时也由 where, when, how, who, whether, what 等连 词引导，这些连词则在从句中担当成分。The

22、news that he told me is true.（定语从句）他告诉我的消息是真的。The news that he has just died is true.（同位语从句）他刚刚去世了，这个消息 是真的。.学习好资料欢迎下载 The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.（同位语从句）我们如何筹集这么多资金，这个问题很难解决。（3）同位语从句与先行词一般可以用动词be发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句则不能。如：The fact that the earth moves around the su

23、n is known to all.（同位语从句）地球围绕太阳转，这个事实人人皆知。The fact is that the earth moves around the sun.定语从句专项练习Part 1:1 . The man she married last year was a soldier.A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. whose The man she was married was a soldier.A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. who2. The day she spent with us w

24、as never to be forgotten.A. / B. on which C. when D. in which The day she played with us was never to be forgotten.A. that B. when C. which D. /3. Is this the factory you visited last weekA. where B. which C. to which D. in which Is this factory you visited last weekA. that B which C in which D. the

25、 one4. The house window faces south is for the doctor.A. which B. that C. whose D. of which The house faces south is for the doctor.A. which B. whose C. who D. where5. She brought forward a plan we couldn't agree.A. that B. which C. / D. to which学习好资料欢迎下载 She brought forward a plan we couldn'

26、;t accept.A. / B. for which C. to which D .of which6. The invention she spent 2 years will do well to the world.A. which B. / C. on which D. when The invention took her 2 years will do well to the world.A. which B. / C. on which D. it7. The English subject,I do well, is important in middle schools.A

27、. which B. that C. in which D. at which The English subject,I have mastered well, is important in middle school.A. / B. at which C. that D. in which8. Tom,I went to the concert, is a friend of mine.A. whom B. who C. with which D. whose Tom,bicycle 1 went to the concert,is a friend of mine.A. whom B.

28、 who C. whose D. on whose9. The place you visited during your holidays is where I used to be for years.A. where B. which C. in which D. to which The place you stayed for 3 years is where an ancient city used to be.A. where B. which C. that D. to which10. She will fly to Washington,is the capital of

29、the U.S.A. that B. where C. which D. in which She will fly to Washington,she can enjoy herself.A. where B. that C. which D./11. The story happened on a day the weather was wet and cold.A. when B. which C. in which D. on when The story happened on a day was wet and cold.A. then B. on which C. which D

30、./12. The sun heats the earth,we all know.A. that B. which C. as D. whereThe sun heats the earth,makes it possible to grow crops.学习好资料欢迎下载 A. which B. that C. as D. where13. Tom,we had expected,got the 1st place in the competition（ 比赛）.A. as B. which C. whom D. who Tom,we had expected to help us,did

31、n't even show his face .A. as B. whom C. that D. whichPart 2:1. These houses are sold at such a low price people expected.A. like B. as C. that D. which2. I've never heard so interesting a story you told me.3. I've seen the same film you saw yesterday.A. that B. which C. as D. like4. He

32、made another wonderful discovery,of great importance to science.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. which I think itD. I think is6.is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. As C.That D. What7. This is the first time he has been here.D. which C. at which

33、 B. when A. that学习好资料欢迎下载 8. I don't like you speak to her.A. the way B. they way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. This is the best factory we visited last year .A. whereB. whichC. in whichD. that10.Is this the factory computers are built ?A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. in that11.Ple

34、ase pass me the dictionary cover is red .A. whoseB.itsC. whichD. which of12.The man has arrived .A. whom I told youB. that I told youC. whom I told you about him D. I told you about13. They visited the house the great writer was born .A. from where B. in whichC. whichD. in where14. He asked us to wa

35、tch carefully everything he did in class .A. who B. thatC. whatD. where15. I'll visit the professor tomorrow ,he will be back from Shanghai .A. who B. thatC. whenD. which16.Is this problem the teacher explained last week?A. the one B.thatC.which D.one17. China has many islands,the largest is Tai

36、wan .D. of which C. which B. at which A. in which 学习好资料欢迎下载 18. The city my mother grew up is not far from here .A. whatB. where C. thatD. which19. Our teacher lives in the house door faces to the north .A. which B. hisC. thatD. whose20. Wrestling is a sport in people easily get hurt .A. thatB. when

37、C. which D. what21. China has a lot of famous writers ,one is Lu Xun .A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them22. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small townhe grew up as a child. (NMET 1996)A. whichB. thatC. where D. when23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role

38、in the play, of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET 2000)A. who B. whichC. this D. what20. Is there anything I can do for you, sir ?A. thatB. whichC. whose D. whoPart 3:1. I,your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am2. The old man has two sons,ar

39、e lawyers.A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they3. He is a man of great knowledge,much can be learned.学习好资料欢迎下载 A .in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom4. I can tell you he told me last week.A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that5. Is oxygen the only gas hel

40、ps fire burnA. that B. / C. which D. what6. Air,we breathe every day, is around us all the time.A. that B./ C. which D. it7. This is the museum we saw an exhibition the other day.A. that B. which C. where D. in that8. This museum is you visited the other day.A. that B. which C. where D. the one9. Th

41、is is the museum you saw the other day.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that10. It is the third time late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrivedC. that you've arrived D. when you've arrived11. It was in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded in landingon the moon.A. that B. whic

42、h C. in which D. when12. We often think of the days we spent together on the island.A. when B. which C. in which D. during which13. Have you ever been to Shanghai,I left ten years ago 学习好资料欢迎下载 A. where B. which C. that D. when14. He has left Beijing,a meeting is to be held.A. when B. where C. as D. which15. This is the very place I'm wishing to live in.A. where B. which C. that D. in which16. I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D than17. Can you solve such problems raised