新概念第二册第4课

1、Revision 寄，送明信片损坏博物馆公共的友好的服务员借给决定整个的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingleLesson 4 Lesson 4 An exciting tripAn exciting trip exciting adj.exciting a.令人兴奋的令人兴奋的, 使人激动的使人激动的 This news is very exciting . excited a.（自己）感到兴奋的自己）感到兴奋的 We are very excited about

2、this news.exciting adj. 令人兴奋的（主语是物或事）令人兴奋的（主语是物或事） The news is really exciting.这个消息真让人兴奋。这个消息真让人兴奋。 excited adj.感到兴奋的（主语是人）感到兴奋的（主语是人） I am excited.我感到很兴奋。我感到很兴奋。 excite v. 激动激动，令，令兴奋兴奋 The news excites me.这个消息让我激动。这个消息让我激动。 The excited girl is looking forward to her exciting first date with her Mr.

3、Right. 这个兴奋的女孩渴望着和他的白马王子的第一次激这个兴奋的女孩渴望着和他的白马王子的第一次激动人心的约会。动人心的约会。 一般来说，带一般来说，带-ed 的词表示人的感受，带的词表示人的感受，带-ing 的词的词表示物的性质和状态。表示物的性质和状态。-ed自己感到自己感到 interested, bored, -ing令人感到令人感到interesting,boring,I am interested in this book.This is an interesting book. surprising 令人惊喜的令人惊喜的 surprised 感到惊喜的感到惊喜的 intere

4、sting令人感兴趣的令人感兴趣的 interested感到感兴趣的感到感兴趣的 shocking令人震惊的令人震惊的 shocked 感到震惊的感到震惊的 satisfying令人满意的令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的感到满意的 disappointing令人失望的令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的感到失望的 touching 令人感动的令人感动的 touched 感到感动的感到感动的receive v.接受，收到（客观的收到）接受，收到（客观的收到）1.接受，收到，接受接受，收到，接受她收到了一份礼物。她收到了一份礼物。 She received a present.

5、 receive a letter from sb. =hear from sb. 收到收到的来信的来信I received a letter from my brother.Have you received any letters today?This morning I receive a bunch of flowers.2.接待，接见接待，接见You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.如果你要接待这么多客人，你就需要一个大房间。如果你要接待这么多客人，你就需要一个大房间。We usually re

6、ceive guests on Saturday.我们通常星期六招待宾客。我们通常星期六招待宾客。 firm n.（尤作口语）公司（尤作口语）公司He is working for a big firm.他在一家大公司工作。他在一家大公司工作。 company (更口语化）公司更口语化）公司 corporation 公司，法人，团体公司，法人，团体 enterprise 事业单位，企业，公司事业单位，企业，公司 group 集团公司集团公司2） adj.牢固的，稳固的，坚实的牢固的，稳固的，坚实的Prices are still firm.物价仍旧很稳定。物价仍旧很稳定。 as firm as

7、 rock 坚如磐石坚如磐石 a firm foundation 坚实的基础坚实的基础3）adj.坚定的，坚决的坚定的，坚决的His reply to the request was a firm “No”!他坚决地拒绝了这个要求。他坚决地拒绝了这个要求。 different adj. 不同的不同的 （反：（反：same)A is different from B. A和和B是不同的是不同的 We are planning something different this year. 我们今年有不同的打算。我们今年有不同的打算。 My room is different from yours.

8、我的房间与你的我的房间与你的不同。不同。 Everyone is different from others.每个人都和别每个人都和别人不同的。人不同的。 difference n.区别，差别区别，差别 tell the difference between A and B 辨认辨认A和和B的的区别区别 We can easily tell the difference between the twins. 我们很容易辨认双胞胎的区别。我们很容易辨认双胞胎的区别。different same相同的相同的各种各样的，不同的：各种各样的，不同的：He has visited many differ

9、ent places in China.他去过中国的不少地方。他去过中国的不少地方。This department store sells a large number of different things.这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。 adv. differently, n. difference centre n.中心，中央 （美式center）the center of town 市中心市中心town centre= downtown 市中心，市区市中心，市区经典用法：经典用法：in the center of: 在中间在中间, 在中央在中央

10、 in the middle of in the centre (of sp), adj. central中央的，中心的中央的，中心的以以ant/ent结尾的为结尾的为adj.以以ance/ence结尾的为结尾的为n. important 重要的重要的 importance 重要性重要性 patient 耐心的耐心的 patience 耐心耐心 distant 遥远的遥远的 distance 距离距离abroad adv. 在国外，到处，海外，广泛在国外，到处，海外，广泛go abroad 去国外去国外live abroad 到国外定居到国外定居study abroad 到国外学习到国外学习他

11、在国外生活了许多年。他在国外生活了许多年。 He lived abroad for many years.你出国度假吗？你出国度假吗？Are you going abroad for your holidays?他有生以来从未到过国外。他有生以来从未到过国外。Hes never been abroad in his life. 【辨辨】 abroad, foreign, overseas DarwinPerthAlice Springs 一个一个名词名词（或短语等）与（或短语等）与另一个名词另一个名词（或短（或短语）语）并列并列而作为其而作为其说明或限定成分时说明或限定成分时称为同称为同位语。

12、位语。 同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间 用逗号隔开用逗号隔开。课文中有两句话含有同位语：I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.（Tim是my brother的同位语。它们指的是同一个人。Tim用来补充说明my brother的名字）He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.（在这句话中 a small town in the ce

13、ntre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位语，补充说明这是个多大的镇子，在什么地方） 同位语如果同位语如果太长太长，可以，可以另译为一句另译为一句。如课文中。如课文中第二个例句的后半部分可以译为：第二个例句的后半部分可以译为：“现在去了现在去了艾利斯斯普林斯。这是澳大利亚中部的一个小艾利斯斯普林斯。这是澳大利亚中部的一个小镇。镇。” 如：如： This is John, one of my best friends. 这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。 Mrs. Smith, my neighbour, has never been

14、abroad. 我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。 I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Aust

15、ralian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. I have just _ a letter_my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has _ ther

16、e for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working _a big firm and he has already _a great number of different places in Australia. He has just _an Australian car and has _to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brot

17、her has never _ abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. receivedfrombeenforvisitedboughtgonebeen1. How long has Tim been in Australia? Listen and answer the question.Tim has been in Australia for six months.2. What does he do in Australia?He is working for a big firm as an engineer.

18、3. Why is Tim finding the trip exciting?Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip abroad.收到某人来信get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb. has been + 地点 + for + 时间 在某地多长时间a number of+可数名词的复数，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容词强调数量大小。A great number of students are f

19、ond of (爱好爱好)music.A great number of boys like playing basketball. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.蒂姆是个工程师，正蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。地方了。(现在进行时现在进行时 work for 在在上班上班/任职，强调任职，强调w

20、ork I am working for a school.我在学校任职。我在学校任职。 work in 强调地点（在哪个地方上班）强调地点（在哪个地方上班） I am working in the hospital.我在医院工作。我在医院工作。 a great number of n +are 大量的，许多的大量的，许多的 There are a great number of beautiful flowers in the garden.在花园里有许多漂亮的花。在花园里有许多漂亮的花。 the number of n +is 的数量是的数量是 The number of applican

21、ts is 70.申请者的数量是申请者的数量是70人。人。 have been to +sp.去过去过 have gone to +sp.去了还未回来去了还未回来Soon：adv. shortly ; in a short time Shell soon/shortly be here. Soon got, Soon gone. 来得容易去得快。V+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 make the text easyFind + n. + adj. find the trip exciting find the room clean Do you find the film disappointing?

22、（失望）（失望）。 My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我弟弟以前从未我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。 find作作“发现发现”、“发觉发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语讲时宾语往往带补足语（一般为形容词），说明宾语的状况、性质等。（一般为形容词），说明宾语的状况、性质等。 find +宾语宾语+形容词做宾补形容词做宾补 When I returned home, I found the room clean

23、.当我回到家的时候，我发现房间很干净。当我回到家的时候，我发现房间很干净。 She found her baby still asleep.她发现婴儿还在她发现婴儿还在睡睡. I find English difficult but interesting.我发现英语我发现英语很难但很有趣。很难但很有趣。 I have just _ a letter_my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has _ there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working _a big firm and he ha

24、s already _a great number of different places in Australia. He has just _an Australian car and has _to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never _ abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.

25、receivedfrombeenforvisitedboughtgonebeennowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作在的动作/状态状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar 1. 表示一个动作发生在过去但对现在仍然有影响。表示一个动作发生在过去但对现在仍然有影响。常与表常与表不确定时间不确定时间的状语或的状语或表表一段时间一段时间的时间状语连用。的时间状语连用。2. 时

26、间状语时间状语: just, already, lately, ever, (not) yet, so far, up till now(到目前为止到目前为止), for six months, since 1955, in past years.3. 汉语意思表：汉语意思表：已经已经4. 表表一段时间一段时间的时间状语的时间状语, 不能和点动词不能和点动词(非延续性非延续性)连用连用.I have lived/been here for four years.He has just retired. He has already retired.Has he retired yet? He

27、hasnt retired yet.I have bought this book for ten months. （）I have got this book for ten months. They have left. （现在他们人不在这里）（现在他们人不在这里）I have had my lunch. （我现在不饿）（我现在不饿）He has learned English since 2001.-从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢现在还在继续学着呢现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用 :ever（曾）（曾）never（未曾）（未曾）alrea

28、dy（已经）（已经） yet（仍、还）（仍、还）just （刚刚）（刚刚）before（以前（以前)for + 时间段时间段since + 时间点时间点 句型句型 基本结构：主语基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词+其他其他 否定句：主语否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去过去分词分词+其他其他 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语+过过去分词去分词+其他其他 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问一般疑问句（句（have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其他）其他

29、） (3)、以、以“辅音字母辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词结尾的动词，将，将 y 变为变为 i ，再加，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried , play-played-played ,stay-stayed-stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2 、不规则动词：、不规则动词： 原型原型 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 AAA

30、型型 cut cut cut hit hit hit AAB型型 beat beat beaten ABA型型 become became becomerun ran run come came come特殊情况特殊情况 read read readread原形发音为原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过过去式和过去分词发音为去分词发音为/red/ ABB型型bring brought broughtbuy bought bought ABC型型 begin began begun write wrote written already, yet, ever, never, just的用法 alr

31、eady 肯定句肯定句，强调已经的意思，强调已经的意思,放句中或句末放句中或句末. I have already finished my homework.= I have finished my homework already. 我已经不是三岁小孩子了！我已经不是三岁小孩子了！yet 否定句、问句否定句、问句，表示还，表示还没，没有的意思没，没有的意思,放句末放句末 He hasnt finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet? ever 问句问句，表示曾经的意思，表示曾经的意思 Has John ever bee

32、n to Zhuhai? never 含否定意思的肯定句含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思表示从没的意思 He has never been to China. just 肯定句肯定句，表示刚刚，表示刚刚的意思的意思 I have just come back from China.我刚刚才拿了工资。选择选择already, yet, ever, never, justHave you seen the film ( )?-Have you done your homework ( )?-Not ( ), I will do it after supper.-Have you ( ) been

33、 to England?-No, ( ).I have ( ) finished reading the book.I have ( ) paid for the car.YetYetYetEverneverjust/ alreadyjust/ alreadyfor, since及及how longFor + 时间段时间段：表示某个动作：表示某个动作持续了多长时间持续了多长时间Kate已经在纽约已经在纽约10年了。年了。Kate has been in New York for 10 years.How long has Kate been in New York? Since + 时间点（具

34、体时间时间点（具体时间/ ago/ 某个某个动作发生的时间动作发生的时间 ）：表示某个动作是从什）：表示某个动作是从什么时候开始的，间接地表示这个动作持续么时候开始的，间接地表示这个动作持续的时间的时间Kate has been in New York since 2000.Kate has been in New York since ten years ago.Kate has been in New York since he first arrived. for,和和since引导的现在引导的现在完成时都可以回答由完成时都可以回答由How long引导的问题。引导的问题。动作动作时间时

35、间一般过去时一般过去时动作发生在过动作发生在过去，去，现在已停现在已停止止。表过去的一个表过去的一个时间点或特定时间点或特定时间时间现在完成时现在完成时动作发生在过动作发生在过去，去，对现在造对现在造成了影响成了影响,并且并且仍可能在继续仍可能在继续表一段时间或表一段时间或不确定时间不确定时间我住在这儿二十年了。我住在这儿二十年了。I have lived here for twenty years.我参观过这个城市。我参观过这个城市。I have visited this city.我已经把书还了。我已经把书还了。I have already returned the book.我认识他三年

36、了。我认识他三年了。I have known his for three years.我吃过晚饭了。我吃过晚饭了。I have already had supper.延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化 He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.die 是终止性动词是终止性动词,表示动作表示动作,常用作谓语常用作谓语,含义为含义为“断气断气”。 dead是形容词是形容词,与与be动词连用动词连用,常用来作定语、表语或补语，常用来作定语、表语或补语，表示死的状态。表示死的状态。

37、 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.keep3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.have get4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.been in5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hou

38、rs.is off6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.is away7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.is on8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.is open9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.is closed-Will you go shopping with me now?-Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A wash B have washed C washed D am washingHow long