考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2005年part3

1、考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析 -2005 年 part3Part ThreeOf all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least withinour control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disg

2、uised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears, by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" - the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional

3、thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line". And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. "It's your dream," says Rosalind Ca

4、rtwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. "If you don't like it, change it"Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active duringREM( rapid eye movement) sleep - when most vivid dreams occur - as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinge

5、r at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, the limbic system( the "emotional brain") isespecially active, while the prefronted cortex ( the center of intellect and reasoning )is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed,

6、and those feelings can stay with us all day," says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakeni

7、ng, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with dailylife we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events - until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left t

8、o the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much

9、 practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelin

10、gs of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those sufferingfrom persistent nightmares should seekhelp from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feeling. Sleep - or rather dream - on it and you'll feel better in the morning.11. Researchers have

11、come to believe that dreamsA can be modified in their coursesB are susceptible to emotional changesD are a random outcome ofC reflect our innermost desires and fears neural repairs12. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to showA it's function in our dreamsB the mechanism of REM

12、 sleepD its difference from theC the relation of dreams to emotions prefrontal cortex13. The Negative feelings generated during the day tend toA aggravate in our unconscious mindB develop into happy dreamsC persist till the time we fall asleep D show up in dreams early at night14. Cartwright seems t

13、o suggest thatA waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreamsB visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under controlC dreams should be left to their natural progressionD dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious15. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have

14、 bad dreams?A Lead your life as usualC Exercise conscious controlUnit12 2005Part 3重点词汇：1. component 组成局部，部件，元件handle are the component Parts of a knife.B Seek professional helpD Avoid anxiety in the daytime=comp on ere, 即 com 全体 +ponere 放置。 Blade and刀身和刀柄是刀的组成局部2. suspend 暂停， 中止；悬挂 suspend Particles

15、 of dust. 悬浮在空中的尘埃 suspend a football player. 一名球员被暂停比赛 The magazine suspended 杂志暂时停刊3. Freud弗洛伊德18561939奥地利神经精神病学家，精神分析创始人4. formulate ? 设想出， 系统地阐述 form=shape,model 形，样。 formulate one's ideas5. revolutionary 革命的， 重大变革的 即 re+volu=roll,turn转， 滚卷 +tion +ary 。Genetic engineering will have revolutio

16、nary consequences for markind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响6. disguise 伪装，掩饰 The Prime Minister couldn't disguise his anger. 首相怒 形于色7. unconscious 下意识的， 无意识的； 失去知觉的 即 un 无 +con 共同 +sic=know 知道 +ous 。 an unconscious slight无意的冒犯 He lay unconsciouss for some hours. 他昏迷了好几个小时8. neurologist 神经病学家 , 神经科医师 neuro- 神经

17、。 neural 神经系统的9. switch 转变，转向 Switch the conversation to a different topic. 改变谈 话的话题 He switched his horse to make it go faster. 他挥鞭以策马10. random随机的，任意的a random talk 漫谈 draw the winning numbers at random.任意抽出的中奖数字11. byproduct 副产品 An increasee in crime is one of the byproducts ofunemployment. 犯罪率增加是

18、失业问题造成的恶果 联想记忆 bypass 旁路、小道bywork 副业 byname 绰号12. thermostat 调温器 thermo=of heat 热的13. regulate ? 调节；管理，控制 activity was regulated by the supply of money. 少制约的14. harness 治理，利用 harnessreg=rule 统治，控制。 The volume of economic经济活动范围的大小是受提供资金的多a river能 harnesss indivdual talents to a comm.on end.治河 harness

19、s nuclear energy 利用核把各人的才能用于一个共同的目标15. occur ? 出现，发生 Fish occur in most waters. 大多数江河湖海中都有鱼 That sound doesn't occur in his language. 他讲的语言中没有这个音16. limbic system 大脑 边缘系统17. prefrontal cortex 大脑 前额叶皮层18. recur ? 反复出现，再发生 re+cur 跳，发生。 This theme recurs constantly throughout the opera. 这一主旋律在该歌剧中不

20、断出现 Thoughts of home and family recurred to the lonely traveler. 对家人和亲人的思恋重新浮上孤寂旅人的心头19. visualize ?想象；使形象化 vis=see 看。 I cann't visualize myself ever getting married. 我不能想象我有朝一日能结婚20. significance 重要性：重要的状态或性质 sign=mark 记号，标记。 Few peoplee realized the significance of the discovery. 很少有人意识到这一发现的重

21、要性21. persistent 持续的，坚持不懈的即per从头到尾+sist=stand 站立+ent宀始终站立着t坚持。 She even tually married the most persiste nt of her admires.她终于嫁给了最执著追求她的人22. nightmare 梦魇，恶梦 即 night 夜+mare 鬼。I have nightmare about fallingoffa cliff. 我做梦梦见从悬崖上摔下来23. therapist治疗学家 a psychology therapist心理治疗专家 联想记忆 psychotherapy 心理疗法难句

22、解析： A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on dur

23、ing sleep.本句由分号分为两局部 , 其中第一局部的主干是Freud formulated his revolutionarytheory., 宾语 theory 后面是一个以 that 引导的同位语从句， 说明 theory 的内容； 在第二 局部中，代词 them 指代的是 dreams, 破折号后面的局部 the random byproducts of the neural-repairwork. 进一步解释什么是 mental noise,work 后面的 that 引导一个定语从句，修饰 work 。 Now researchers suspect that dreams

24、are Part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line".Suspect 后面是 that 引导的宾语从句；逗号之后的现在分词短语regulating moods.作定语，解释 thermostat 的意思，句末的 while 引导一个时间状语从句。 And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events canbe not only harness

25、ed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better,say 后面是 that 引导的一个宾语从句，这个宾语从句比拟复杂：诸于是 these intensely powerfull mental events,谓语是一个 not only.but.连接的并列结构，后面的不定式结构 to help us sleep and feel better作目的状语。 Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, prog

26、ressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.本句开始是主干 Most peoplee seem to have more bad dreams early in the night,后面的两个现在分词结构 progressing toward. 和 suggesting that. 都做伴随状语；第二 个现在分词结构 suggesting that . 后面接一个 that 引导的

27、宾语从句，其中过去分词结构 generated during the day作后置定语，修饰前面的 feelings 。 Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.conscious mind is occupied with daily life,接着是主句；破折号后面的 until 引导一个时间状语从句，其中 it appears 是插入语。 At the end of the day, there's probably