捷进英语B2U2

1、2Journeys of Discovery READING FOR LEARNING 2 READING FOR DONING 3 GUIDED WRITING4 AUDIO/VIDEO LAB5 WARM-UP1 WARP-UP6WARM-UPTask 1Look at the sample and then complete the two exercises Look at the sample and then complete the two exercises that follow. that follow. Which Pair Is the Same as the Exam

2、ple? Sample Example: (1) Dolphin (2) Salmon (鲑鱼) A (1) Turtle (海龟) (2) Eagle B (1) Salmon (2) Spider C (1) Seahorse (2) Shark Answer and reason: The answer is C because just as the example, in which both dolphin and salmon can only live in water, both seahorse and shark can only live in water as wel

3、l. Exercise 1 Example: (1) Fish (2) Goldfish A (1) Butterfly (2) Bee B (1) Crab (螃蟹) (2) Spider C (1) Mammal (哺乳动物) (2) Whale Exercise 2 Example: (1) Butterfly (2) Dragonfly A (1) Spider (2) Elephant B (1) Eagle (2) Bee C (1) Zebra (斑马) (2) Snake Exercise 1 Exercise 1 The answer is C because a whale

4、 is a subspecies of a mammal. Exercise 2 Exercise 2 The answer is B because both animals can fly. WARM-UPTask 2Discuss the questions in pairs. Discuss the questions in pairs. 1 Which animal interests you most? 2 What fascinating facts do you know about animals? Possible answers Possible answers 1. I

5、 find bats fascinating. They can fly through woodland in pitch black.Possible answers Possible answers 2 Reindeer can see UV light.Dragon flies are master predators. They catch 95% of their prey, lions catch only 40%.Elephants use infrasonic hearing to communicate when they are very far from one ano

6、ther. They can hear thunderstorms from 500km away. Thats like someone in London listening to a storm in Edinburgh.Using the introduction paragraph (有效利用开头有效利用开头段落段落) 文章的开头段落一般具有文章概览的特点，它是对文章内容的整体介绍，通常包含背景知识、相关统计数据，作者的主要观点等。所以，在写论文或查阅资料时，我们通常可以通过快速浏览文章的开头段落来决定是否继续阅读或购买这篇资料。Task 1Read the first paragr

7、aph and tick the things you think Read the first paragraph and tick the things you think the text will cover. Read the text and check your the text will cover. Read the text and check your predictions. predictions. READING FOR LEARNING1 How animals migrate. 2 Why animals migrate. 3 Our understanding

8、 of animal migration. 4 The biggest migration of animals. 5 How humans travel around. 1.What are the reasons for migration?2.How do the animals know to migrate?3.How do the animals find the way to their destination? A A Nearly all animal Nearly all animal migrationsmigrations happen for one reason o

9、nlyhappen for one reason onlysurvivalsurvival. . For some animals, it is to find food. For some animals, it is to find food. However, for others, it is to have However, for others, it is to have their young in a place away from their young in a place away from other dangerous animals. Animals do oth

10、er dangerous animals. Animals do not have a not have a calendarcalendar on their wall to on their wall to tell them when to tell them when to migratemigrate. So how do . So how do they know when to leave? How do they they know when to leave? How do they find their way back to the place they find the

11、ir way back to the place they were born many years ago? Or were born many years ago? Or how do they know which how do they know which directiondirection to to go on a 12,000-mile journey? go on a 12,000-mile journey? Scientists are starting to understand Scientists are starting to understand more of

12、 the secrets of animal more of the secrets of animal migration. migration. Amazing Amazing JourneysJourneys译译文文奇妙的旅途几乎所有的动物迁徙都只是出于同一个理由生存。有些动物迁移是为了寻找食物，另一些则是为了远离危险，繁衍后代。动物们没有一个挂在墙上的日历告诉他们何时迁徙，那么它们是如何知道何时该启程了呢？它们又是如何找回到多年前出生的地方呢？又或者，它们是如何知道在这12,000 英里的旅途中该向哪个方向前行呢？科学家正开始了解更多关于动物迁徙的奥秘。B B Knowing when

13、 to migrate comes from various things. For some Knowing when to migrate comes from various things. For some animals, it is how long the day is. Some judge the animals, it is how long the day is. Some judge the time by the time by the temperaturetemperature outside, outside, whereaswhereas others kno

14、w when to others know when to travel by the level of travel by the level of fatfat in their body. Animals know how in their body. Animals know how much fat they need. When their fat levels fall, many will much fat they need. When their fat levels fall, many will migrate. migrate. However However, if

15、 they wait too long, they will not , if they wait too long, they will not have enough fat to make the journey. have enough fat to make the journey. 译译文文很多事物可以告诉动物何时迁徙：有些依据白天的长短，有些靠外界的温度变化判断时间，而另一些则通过他们体内脂肪的水平决定启程的时间。动物们知道自己需要多少脂肪。当脂肪水平减少时，很多动物就会出发。但是，如果它们等待的时间过长，就会没有足够的脂肪来完成旅行。C No one fully knows h

16、ow animals No one fully knows how animals find their way to find their way to their their destinationdestination. . However, research is starting to show that both animals minds and the However, research is starting to show that both animals minds and the human brain have something like the human br

17、ain have something like the GPSGPS. Animals may use anything . Animals may use anything from from landmarkslandmarks, the stars, the moon and the sun to help remember , the stars, the moon and the sun to help remember where they are, where they have been and where they are going. where they are, whe

18、re they have been and where they are going. While While humans might remember short journeys such as their way humans might remember short journeys such as their way around a city, it is quite another step to travel to somewhere over around a city, it is quite another step to travel to somewhere ove

19、r 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself! 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself! 译译文文没有人充分了解动物是如何找到迁徙目的地的。但研究正显示，动物的大脑和人的大脑都有类似全球定位系统的东西。动物可以利用地标、星辰、月亮和太阳等任何东西帮它们记住自己现在在哪里，曾经去过哪里，以及将要去哪里。虽然人们可能会记住一些较短的路途，例如所在城市周围的路线，但是仅靠自己不借助任何帮助就踏上一个一万多英里的旅途，就是另一回事了。More InformationSome Some turtlesturtl

20、es can travel 12,000 can travel 12,000 miles back to the beach where they miles back to the beach where they were born to have their own young were born to have their own young turtles. turtles. SalmonSalmon “smell” the water to return “smell” the water to return from the sea to a river. from the se

21、a to a river. Many birds, butterflies and Many birds, butterflies and crabscrabs use the Earth like a use the Earth like a giantgiant magnetmagnet to to find their way. find their way. 译译文文一些海龟可以迁徙12,000 英里，回到它们出生的那片海滩来繁衍后代。大马哈鱼靠闻海水的气味从大海回到河流。很多鸟类、蝴蝶和蟹类都把地球当成一个巨型磁铁来寻找方向。New Words Phrases and Express

22、ions # # migrationmigration survivalsurvival calendarcalendar# # migratemigrate directiondirectiontemperaturetemperature whereaswhereas fatfat destinationdestination landmarklandmarkfind ones way (back) tofind ones way (back) toProper Names # turtle turtle # salmonsalmon # crabcrab giantgiant # magn

23、etmagnetmigratione.g. Swallows begin their migration south in autumn. 燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。n. 迁徙；移居Back to Vocabularysurvivale.g. If cancers are spotted early, then theres a high chance of survival. 如果癌症在早期发现的话，存活的几率会很高。n. 生存Back to Vocabularycalendare.g. There was a calendar on the wall above, with large s

24、quares around the dates. 上面的墙上挂有日历,日期四周有巨大的方框。n. 日历Back to Vocabularymigratee.g. Most birds have to fly long distances to migrate. 绝大多数鸟类为了迁徙都不得不进行长距离的飞行。v. （ 鸟或动物）迁徙；移居 Back to Vocabularydirectione.g. They wandered off in the direction of the nearest store. 他们信步朝最近的商店走去。n. 方向；方位Back to Vocabularyte

25、mperaturee.g. Coping with severe drops in temperature can be very difficult. 温度大幅下降可能会很难应付。n. 温度；气温Back to Vocabularywherease.g. Some praise him, whereas others condemn him. 有些人赞扬他, 而有些人谴责他。conj. 然而；但是Back to Vocabularyfate.g. Because youre not burning calories, everything you eat turns to fat. 由于没有

26、消耗卡路里，你吃的所有东西都会变成脂肪。n. 脂肪Back to Vocabularydestinatione.g. Only half of the emergency supplies have reached their destination. 仅有一半的紧急救援物资运抵了目的地。n. 目的地；终点Back to Vocabularylandmarke.g. The Empire State Building is a familiar landmark on the New York skyline. 帝国大厦是纽约高楼大厦中一个为人熟知的地标。n. 地标Back to Vocabu

27、laryturtlee.g. The turtle hibernates in a shallow burrow for six months of the year. 海龟每年在浅洞中冬眠六个月。n. 海龟Back to Vocabularysalmone.g. He has been netting salmon to supply the black market. 他一直在捕捞鲑鱼到黑市上去卖。n. 鲑鱼；大马哈鱼Back to Vocabularycrabe.g. The claws of a crab are used for grasping things, especially

28、 food. 螃蟹用钳抓东西, 特别是食物。n. 螃蟹Back to Vocabularygiante.g. Overhead cranes were lifting giant sheets of steel. 高架起重机正吊起一块块巨大的钢板。adj. 特大的；巨大的Back to Vocabularymagnete.g. He picked all the pins up with a magnet. 他用磁铁吸起了所有的大头针。n. 磁铁；磁石Back to Vocabularyfind ones way (back) toe.g. Finally, they found their

29、way to the the Great Wall. 他们最终找到了去长城的路。找到（回）去的路Back to VocabularyBack to VocabularyGPS (Global Positioning System)全球定位系统1) migration: 迁徒；移居；迁居 A migration into European countries continued in full spate. 移居欧洲国家的热潮一直在持续。 2) migrate: v. when an animal migrates, it travels to a different place, usuall

30、y when the season changes（动物）迁徙；移栖 e.g. In winter, these birds migrate south to a warmer climate. 冬天，这些鸟会向南迁徙，到更温暖的地方过冬。 if people migrate, they travel in large numbers to a new place to live temporarily （指人）大批外出；（暂时）移居；迁移 e.g. He migrated to Australia as a young man. 他年轻时就移居澳大利亚。1Nearly all animal

31、migrations happen for one reason onlysurvival. 几乎所有的动物迁徙都只是出于同一个理由生存。3) survival: n the fact or state of continuing to live or exist, especially in difficult conditions 生存；存活；幸存 e.g. The doctors told my wife I had a slim chance of survival. 医生告诉我妻子，我生还的几率微乎其微。 something that has continued to exist f

32、rom a previous time 遗留物；幸存者 e.g. The little boy is the only survial from the car accident. 这个小男孩是此次车祸中的唯一幸存者。 2Or how do they know which direction to go on a 12,000-mile journey? 又或者，它们是如何知道在这12,000 英里的旅途中该向哪个方向前行呢？direction: n. 1）the way something or someone moves, faces, or is aimed 方向 ；方位 e.g. Th

33、e suspects were seen heading in the direction of Miami. 人们发现嫌疑犯往迈阿密方向去了。2）plural instructions for doing something or getting to a place 用法说明；指示 e.g. Be sure you read the directions before using any piece of equipment. 使用此设备之前务必阅读其说明。3Some judge the time by the temperature outside, whereas others kno

34、w when to travel by the level of fat in their body. 有些靠外界的温度变化判断时间，而另一些则通过他们体内脂肪的水平来决定启程的时间。whereas: conj . it is used to indicate a contrast between two facts or ideas 然而；但是 e.g. Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not. 有一些研究结果令人满意，其他的则不然。 His children are well bred, wherea

35、s those of his sisters are naughty. 他的孩子很有教养，但他姐姐家的孩子却很调皮。4 However, if they wait too long, they will not have enough fat to make the journey. 但是，如果它们等待的时间过长，就会没有足够的脂肪来完成旅行。1) fat: n. a soft white substance stored in a layer under your skin 脂肪 e.g. Reduce the amount of fat in your diet. 要减少食物中的油脂量。

36、2) make: v. succeed in achieving something by reaching the necessary level or standard达到；实现；完成 e.g. Weve made our target of 10,000 sales this month. 我们已经完成这个月10,000宗销售的目标。5While humans might remember short journeys such as their way around a city, it is quite another step to travel to somewhere over

37、 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself!虽然人们可能会记住一些较短的路途，例如所在城市周围的路线，但是仅靠自己不借助任何帮助就踏上一个一万多英里的旅途，就是另一回事了。1) while: used for saying that although you accept that something is true, there are also doubts or facts that you cannot ignore 尽管；然而；虽然 e.g. While I agree with you, I do not believe that yo

38、ur way is the best. 尽管我同意你的看法，但我不认为你的方法是最好的。2) 在本句后半个从句中，it是形式主语，置于句首，真正的主语是to travel to somewhere over 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself。 e.g. It is very challenging to deal with this problem. 处理这个问题很有挑战性。Reading and Understanding Task 2Read the text and:Read the text and:1 circle the thi

39、ngs that could tell an animal when to migrate. a The length of the day. b How hot it is. c The changes in plants. d The changes in their body. 2 circle the things animals could use to find their way when migrating. a Things in the sky. b Things on the ground such as buildings, forests or mountains.

40、c Smells. d Older animals.Reading and Understanding Task 3Read the text and answer the questions.Read the text and answer the questions.1 What is the main reason for animal migration? 2 What happens if animals leave it too late to travel? 3 What is more impressive about animal travel than human trav

41、el? 4 Where do turtles travel to have their young? 5 How do salmon find their way back to where they were born? 6 How do birds find the right direction to go when they migrate? Possible answers 1 Survival. 2 They might not have enough fat to make the journey and may die. 3 Humans only remember short

42、 journeys, e.g. their way around a city, whereas animals can remember journeys of thousands of miles. 4 They travel back to where they were born. 5 They smell the water. 6 They use the Earth like a magnet. Reading and Understanding Task 4How good is your internal GPS? Rate yourself on the scale. How

43、 good is your internal GPS? Rate yourself on the scale. Compare yourself with a partner.Compare yourself with a partner.1 I get lost when I go to a new place. 2 If I have travelled somewhere once, the next time I will find it easily. 3 I could direct someone almost anywhere in my hometown. 4 I rely

44、on other people to remember directions. Vocabulary FocusTask 1Match the words to their explanations. Match the words to their explanations. 1 discovery a staying alive despite danger 2 survival b a building or thing that helps you know where you are, eg Big Ben 3 calendar c something that was not kn

45、own before; something new 4 migration d the place you are travelling to 5 direction e the way a person is moving, eg north, south, east, west 6 destination f the movement from one place to another of a large group of people, birds, animals, etc 7 landmark g a set of pages that show the days, weeks,

46、and months of a particular year Vocabulary FocusTask 2Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. in brackets. 1 The _ (discover) of a cure for Ebola (埃博拉病毒) was one of the big scientific aims of 2014. 2 Animals s

47、pend much of their life fighting for _ (survive). 3 The _ (migrate) of giant red crabs is one of the most amazing sights. 4 Nick is always getting lost because of his terrible sense of _ (direct). 5 Our city is one of the most popular tourist _ (destination). discoverysurvivalmigrationdirectiondesti

48、nationsVocabulary FocusTask 3Complete the passage with words from the boxes. Complete the passage with words from the boxes. Hibernation (冬眠) is not simply a long sleep. Sleeping is simply the body relaxing and repairing (1) _ in hibernation an animals body changes a lot. Different animals hibernate

49、 at different times of the year. One of the main things they use to (2) _ when to hibernate is the (3) _. As it gets colder, many animals start to prepare to hibernate. Many animals reduce the energy they use and many animals breathe less. (4) _, some animals even stop breathing completely. whereas

50、judge temperatureAmazingly Grammar Focus： Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词不定代词)someone/anyone, something/anything 以及somewhere/anywhere这几组不定代词的区别与some和any的区别相似： some常用于肯定句中，后面常接不可 数名词； 表示建议、请求并希望得到对方的肯定 回答时，some也可以用于疑问句； any常用于否定句和疑问句中，后面常 接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。Task 1Find and underline examples of indefinite pro

51、nouns in the Find and underline examples of indefinite pronouns in the text. Then match the indefinite pronouns in the boxes to their text. Then match the indefinite pronouns in the boxes to their explanations. The first one is already done for you. explanations. The first one is already done for yo

52、u. 1 In no places (nowhere)2 In a place ( ) 3 All the people ( ) 4 No person ( ) 5 A person ( ) 6 All the things ( ) 7 No things ( ) 8 A thing ( ) 9 In all the places ( ) Answers Answers Examples of indefinite pronouns in the text: no one; something; anything; somewhere; nothing somewhereeveryone/ev

53、erybody no one/nobody someone/somebody everythingnothingsomethingeverywhere Task 2Choose the correct indefinite pronoun to complete the Choose the correct indefinite pronoun to complete the sentences.sentences.1 I knew _ at the party. A anyone B everyone 2 Are you doing _ interesting this holiday? A

54、 anything B something 3 Do you have _ to drink? A anything B something 4 The teacher wasnt happy because _ knew the answer. A no one B someone 5 Lets go _ for fun tonight. A anywhere B somewhere 6 There was a knock on the door, but _ answered it. A no one B anyone 7 There isnt _ I want to eat on the

55、 menu. A everything B anything 8 We went _ in town during the holiday. A everywhere B anywhereGrammar Focus： Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词不定代词)Task 3Complete the three conversations with appropriate indefinite Complete the three conversations with appropriate indefinite nouns.Grammar Focus：

56、Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词不定代词)Lin: Shall we do (1) _ together tonight? Marek: Sorry, I cant. I think were going (2) _ for dinner, but Im not sure where. Piotr: I watched (3) _ about how animals migrate on TV last night. Kinga: Was it interesting? Piotr: It was. On Easter Island, (4) _ in the Pacific

57、 Ocean, giant red crabs migrate across the island. It looked amazing. For some other animals, it seems (5) _ can stop them. Some elephants migrate through a hotel every year! Kinga: Wow! Ill watch it today. Hayley: (6) _ you go you get lost! Where are you now? Liam: Im not sure. (7) _ near the High

58、Street, I think. Hayley: Are there any landmarks you can see? Liam: I can see a clock tower at the end of the street. Hayley: OK, wait there. Ill go and find you. (8) _ else gets lost as often as you! somethingsomewheresomethingsomewherenothing EverywhereSomewhereNo one/Nobody Beyond the TextTask 1

59、Survival is the main reason for both animal migration and Survival is the main reason for both animal migration and human migration. Read the passage about a famous human human migration. Read the passage about a famous human migration in history. Then find out why these people chose to move in this

60、 migration in history. Then find out why these people chose to move in this case. case. 10 Poms After World War II, many Britons (Poms) were sold the dream of a new life in Australia. At the time, a journey to Australia cost 120, which was 6 months salary for many people. The Australian Government o