中考英语代词专项

1、目标任务 1.复习代词的分类及用法。 2.中考中代词的运用人称代词不定代词指示代词反身代词物主代词somethingwhothishers（她的）herself(她自己)she（她）疑问代词代词的分类代词的分类1.人称代词人称代词2.物主代词物主代词3.反身代词反身代词6.不定代词不定代词4.指示代词指示代词5.疑问代词疑问代词(在宾语从句中在宾语从句中为连接代词为连接代词) 人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式 人人称称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数 主主 格格 宾格宾格I we me u

2、s you you you you he she it him her itthey them 用法口诀：用法口诀： 人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说； 主格主格定把定把主语主语作，作，宾格宾格作作宾宾不会错。不会错。 1.1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格时用宾格 They all like him very much. 他们都很喜欢他他们都很喜欢他。 She teaches Chinese. 她教她教我们的我们的语文。语文。us1 1、单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先、单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先. .注意注意1.

3、我、你、他、都我、你、他、都15岁。岁。_2.你们、我们、他们都来自中国。你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 _.You, he and I are 15.We, you and they are from ChinaThe teacher want_to do the work.AJim, you and I BI, Jim and youCyou, Jim and me DJim, me and you注意注意2 2、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在 not not 后多用宾格后多用宾格. . I like English. _ too. A. I B.

4、 He C. Me Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. herShe She 的用法：的用法：she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and bigger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。 It的用法：1:it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等距离、时间、环境等 What the weather like today? Its windy. 今天的天气怎么样？今天的天气怎么样？- - 有风。

5、有风。 Its about five minutes walk from home to school. 从家到学校的路程大约从家到学校的路程大约5 5分钟。分钟。2. it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人的人. who is the person over there? It is the head teacher.3.3.it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳平稳 Its hard to reach the apples. 很难够到苹果。很难够到苹果。4.代表前面提到

6、过的事物。I have a new pen. It is very beautiful. 我有一支新钢笔.它很漂亮。1. - Who is knocking at the door? - I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it 2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that3. I cant find my hat . I think I must buy_. A. it B. o

7、ne C. that 固定句型固定句型1.对某人来说做某事情是对某人来说做某事情是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. It is hard for me to do this work.2. 做某事情某人是做某事情某人是 It is + adj. (+of sb.) +to do sth. Its kind of you to help me3. 轮到某人做轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. Its your turn to clean the room.4. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to

8、do sth.Its time for you to do the homework.5. 据说 Its said that Its said that your teacher leave our school.6. 某人花费做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth.7. 自从以来，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段时段 + since + 从句从句(过过去时去时)8. 某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb. think feel+ it + adj. to do 1.I found _ very difficult t

9、o make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复复数数 单单数数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 my ouryour your his her

10、 its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 用法口诀用法口诀：1.形容词性和名词性物主代词虽都译成“的”，但形容词性物主代词只能作定语，后边须有名词；而名词性物主代词后边不可再加名词，它在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。Is that your bag? 那是你的包吗？No, it is hers.(hersher bag) 不是，是她的。2.2.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：词的关系：名词性物主名词性物主代词代词=形容形容词性物主代词词性物主代词+名词名词注意注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关：

11、名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。系是单数还是复数。These books arent ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours)This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours)3.3.“of + +名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”表示所属表示所属 A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一个妹妹是个护士。他的一个妹妹是个护士。 Tom is a friend of mine Tom是是我我的一个朋友的一个朋友1. She is a friend of _.

12、A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because _ leg i

13、s badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its 人人称称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimself themselvesherself itself 反身代词用法反身代词用法反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词，有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容词性物主代词self(单数)或selves(复数)”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称代词self(单数)或selves(复数)”构成。1.反身代词的基本用法是在句子中作宾语或表语。常用在动词enjoy，te

14、ach，help，buy，wash，hurt，等词后以及一些介词后。如：buy oneself sth.(为自己购置某物)、enjoy oneself(过得愉快)、help oneself to some food(随便吃点食物)、teach oneself(自学)、wash oneself(自己洗澡)、look after oneself(自己照料自己)。2在句子中作主语或宾语的同位语，用来加强语气，表示“亲自，本人”，一般置于被说明的词之后；作主语的同位语时，还可放在句末。Lucy herself told me the news. 露西亲自告诉我这个消息。Youd better ask

15、the teacher yourself. 你最好亲自问问老师。3. 3. 反身代词常见固定搭配反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快过得愉快 自学自学 请随便吃请随便吃 自言自语自言自语 独自独自 伤了某人自己伤了某人自己 不要客气不要客气 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顾自己照顾自己 learn sth. by / teach oneself help oneself to sth. say to oneself by oneself hurt oneself make oneself at home lose oneself in dress oneself look after

16、 oneselfenjoy oneself1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your4.Dont lose_ in comput

17、er games, boys.A.yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves5.We _ at the party last Sunday.A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselvesC. enjoy myself D. enjoyed themselves1.this/these 1.this/these 指代较近的人或事物，也指代较近的人或事物，也可介绍别人；可介绍别人；that/thosethat/those指代较远的指代较远的人或事物。人或事物。This is my father and that is

18、 my brother.单数单数复数复数this 这个这个these 这些这些that 那个那个those 那些那些1.this/these指代2.2.打电话时用打电话时用thisthis指代自己指代自己,that,that指代对指代对方。方。Hello!This is Tina speaking. Who is that?3.3.表示比较时用表示比较时用thatthat代指前文出现的代指前文出现的不可数名词不可数名词, ,可数名词复数用可数名词复数用thosethose代指。代指。The weather in China is quite different from that in USA

19、 .Robots in the movie look more like humans than those today.1. The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it2. The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those 主主 格格宾格宾格所有格所有格指人指人who whomwhose指物指物 whatwhose指人或物指人或物 whichwhose疑问代词wh

20、o, whom, whose, what 和which都是用来构成特殊疑问句的。who通常作主语和表语，whom作宾语。注：在口语中who可以替代whom，但是介词前置后就必须用whom。如：For whom did you wait just now?刚才你等谁呢？1.The ruler on the desk is yours. is yours?2.This is Li Leis pen. is this?3.-_ is that man over there? -Hes Mr Green.A. What B. Which C. How D. Who 4.-_ is your class

21、mate John like? -Hes very tall.A. How B. What C. Who D . Which Which Whoserulerpen1普通不定普通不定代词代词初中阶段常用普通不定代词，列表如下 2.复合不定代词复合不定代词 肯定句肯定句 否定句否定句 不定代词的不定代词的用法用法some和any 均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。如：There arent any girls in the classr

22、oom. 没有女孩在教室里。Would you like some tea? 你想喝点茶吗？Yes，please. 好的。2. 当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.小明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. impo

23、rtant something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else3. few / a few & little / a little 当前面由当前面由only 修饰，常用修饰，常用 a few

24、 或或 a little .a little 可表示可表示“有点，稍微有点，稍微”修饰肯定肯定否定否定可数名词复数可数名词复数a fewfew不可数名词不可数名词a littlelittle1.Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the scho

25、ol can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Fewmany修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。如：There are mistakes in your test paper. 在你的试卷中有太多错误。She has got homework to do. 她有太多作业要做。too many too much 注意：much too修饰形容词或副词 Today is much too hot.each (常与常与of连用连用) 做做主谓用主谓用单单

26、， 强调强调个体个体every(形容词形容词)+单数名词单数名词作主谓语用作主谓语用单单，强，强 调调整体整体两两者或以上的每一个人者或以上的每一个人或物或物三三者或以上每一个人或物者或以上每一个人或物 Each of them _ an apple. A. have B. has C. having There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth不定代词不定代词含义含义数量关系数量关系两者都两者都=2三者或三者以上都三者或三者以上都3两者中任何一个两者中任何一个=2三者中任何一个三者中任何一个3两者都不

27、两者都不=2三者或三者以上都不三者或三者以上都不3每一个（强调个体）每一个（强调个体）2每一个（强调整体）每一个（强调整体）3bothalleitheranyneithernoneeacheveryeveryone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可以和of短语连用。如：I would like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。Everyone/Every one likes Mary. 大家都喜欢玛丽。I have kept every one of her letters.我把她的每一封信都保存了下来。nonen

28、o one没有什么没有什么人人 / 物物 “没有人没有人” ,只能指只能指人人回答回答 how many 问句问句 回答回答who问句问句none of + 复数名词复数名词 / them/us 谓语用单数谓语用单数/复数复数No one 作主语，谓语用单作主语，谓语用单数数How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. from B. is from C. is

29、 come fromeither of 两者之一+ 复数名词 / them / us谓单neither of 两者两者都不都不谓单both of 两者两者都都谓复 _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _

30、a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; arebothandbothand（谓语动词用复数形式）（谓语动词用复数形式） 2.eitheror/neithernor( (谓语动词谓语动词遵循就近原则遵循就近原则) ) Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two. Tom 和和 Lucy 都在二年级。都在二年级。 Either my father or my mother cooks at home. 或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。 Neither he nor I am free today.

31、 我和他今天都没空。我和他今天都没空。 Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studyingeither or 或者或者或者或者就近原则neither nor 两者两者都不都不both and 两者两者都都复数谓语 There are 40 students in our class,

32、22 are boys ,_ are girls. A. the others B. others C. the other One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one. A. other B. others C. another 9. onethe other (onethe other (两者中的一个，另一

33、个两者中的一个，另一个) ) othersothers（泛指其他的人、物）（泛指其他的人、物）the othersthe others（特指其他（特指其他的人、物）的人、物） anotheranother（三者以上的另一个）（三者以上的另一个）other(other(其他其他的的) ) I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, other C. The one, the other D. One; the others Some people like to stay at hom

34、e on Sundays, but _ like to go to the cinema.A. other B. another C. the others D. others1(2010安徽)The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only answered _ of them. Asome Blots Ceach Dfew2(2010晋江)Who teaches _ English? No one. I teach _.Ayou; myself Byour; myself Cyou; me 3(2010哈尔滨)Two places of interest in Beijing a