新视野预备级Unit2SectionA

1、section a homecontents pre-reading questionsreading through words & expressions main idea & structure text a exercisesmerry learning pre-reading questionswhat are the differences between “home” and “house”? do you like your home? do you like your house?how did you feel when you moved out fro

2、m your house last time? reading throughsection a 1. -when one of them started trying to remember-(para. 1) 英语中的英语中的 begin 与与 start 都有都有“开始开始”的意思，但在实际运用中，却有的意思，但在实际运用中，却有很多不同。很多不同。 一一 . 相同之处相同之处 1. 意为意为“开始；发生；发起开始；发生；发起”时，两者可互换。如：时，两者可互换。如： then he began/ started a series of experiments. 然后他就开始做一系列的实

3、验。然后他就开始做一系列的实验。 2. 表示开始某一动作时，后面跟不定式或动名词所表达的意思是相同的。表示开始某一动作时，后面跟不定式或动名词所表达的意思是相同的。但当表示开始一项较长时间或经常性的活动时，后接动名词的形式则更为但当表示开始一项较长时间或经常性的活动时，后接动名词的形式则更为常见。如：常见。如： the child began crying/ to cry. 那小孩开始哭了。那小孩开始哭了。 3. 两者在下列情况下常接不定式，不接动名词：两者在下列情况下常接不定式，不接动名词： （ 1 ）主语是无生命的事物，而不是人时。如：）主语是无生命的事物，而不是人时。如： the ice

4、 began/ started to melt. 冰开始融化了。冰开始融化了。 （ 2 ）当）当 began 和和 start 用于进行时态时。如：用于进行时态时。如： the plaster was beginning / starting to fall from the walls. 墙上的灰泥开始脱落了。墙上的灰泥开始脱落了。 （ 3 ）当）当 begin 和和 start 后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时。如：后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时。如： mary began/ started to guess what is in the bag. 玛丽开始猜包里有什么东西了玛丽开始

5、猜包里有什么东西了。 （4） begin 和和 start 均为终止性动词，因此不能与段时间状语连用。如：均为终止性动词，因此不能与段时间状语连用。如： 电影开始电影开始 10 分钟了。分钟了。 误：误： the film has begun/ started for ten minutes. 正：正： the film began ten minutes ago. 正：正： the film has been on for ten minutes. 正：正： its ten minutes since the film began. v 二二 . 不同之处不同之处 1. 表示（机器）开始、启

6、动时，用表示（机器）开始、启动时，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，时此的，时此的 start 相相当于当于 set going 。如：。如： how do you start the washing machine? 洗衣机怎么启动？洗衣机怎么启动？ 2. 表示创办、开设时，用表示创办、开设时，用 start ，不用，不用 begin 。此时的。此时的 start 相当于相当于 set up 或或 establish 。如：。如： he started a new shop last year. 去年他新开了一家商店。去年他新开了一家商店。 3. 表示动身、出发、启程时，用表示动身

7、、出发、启程时，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，此时的，此时的 start 相当相当于于 set out 或或 set off 。如：。如： he started for america last week. 他上周动身去美国了。他上周动身去美国了。 4. 表示开始使用时，用表示开始使用时，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，此时的，此时的 start 相当于相当于 begin to use 。如：。如： you have used up this bottle of ink. will you start another one? 你已用完了这瓶墨水，打算再用一瓶吗？你已

8、用完了这瓶墨水，打算再用一瓶吗？ 2. we paid off the money- (para. 2)pay off: 1)把钱全部还清把钱全部还清ive now paid off all my debt.2) 取得成功，得到好的结果取得成功，得到好的结果did your plan pay off?section av3.-we owed on the house eight years ago. (para. 2) owe: v. 欠（债等）欠（债等） i owed ten dollars to a friend. and now, add it all up and tell me ho

9、w much i owe you?归功于归功于 she owes her success to her hard work.v4. im in no way clever with money except when it comes to spending it. (para 4) meaning: im not at all good at using money wisely except that i spend it fast.对钱我除了会花以外，别的一窍不通。in no way: not at all 一点也不一点也不i in on way want to discuss the

10、matter with him now.when it comes to (doing) sth: 涉及，至于when it comes to the internet technology, i know nothing.v5.- i asked him in a voice that was louder than necessary for him to hear-(para.5) in a voice:以以-的声音的声音 she sings in a beautiful voice.she talked to her son in a voice that was angry. mor

11、e than necessary: 不必要不必要it is more than necessary for him to speak at this meeting.v6. i dont know why this is such a popular subject of conversation these days, but our house is not for sale.(para.10)meaning: i dont know why a lot of people are so interested in talking about it these days, but we d

12、ont want to sell our house.我不理解为什么如今这已成了一个流行的话题，但我们的房子不出售。for sale:待售is this house for sale?v7. -before we rise in the morning-(para.10) rise: v. 1) get upthey rose very early in order to be in london by eight.2) go up 上升上升smoke was rising from the house.her voice rose in anger.n. 增加there has been a

13、 big rise in fuel pricenote: 作“起床”时，get up 比rise更为常用v8. one out of every five of the american population-(para.12) out of:从从-中中nine out of ten people prefer this model.three out of four people think that the plan is not practical.v9.-packs up his things and goes to live(para.12) pack up: 收拾行李收拾行李tom

14、orrow well pack up and go off.v10. jobs are easier to come by than a home.（para.15）come by: get sth. 得到得到vegetables are hard to come by here in winter.how did you come by two concert tickets.v11. i have put up twenty-nine christmas trees near the window-(para.16) put up:搭起，竖立搭起，竖立 the government has

15、 decided to put up a new office building.2) 住宿住宿can you put me up for the night?im afraid i cant put you up; youll have to go to a hotelv12. our house provides me with a simple pleasure every time i come home to it.(para.19)meaning: every time i come home, i feel really satisfied with our house.我每次回

16、到家里，我们的房子总是给我们带来一种朴素的快乐。meaning of the sentencesmeaning: meaning：when i come into the house, i delighted to see the furniture that i know so well, and even dust gives me a pleasant feeling of friendliness because it is our home.113. i am welcomed by familiar furniture when i enter, and im warmed by

17、everything in our house which may merely be dust, but it is our dust and i like it.(para.19)我走进屋子里，熟悉的家具在欢迎我，屋里的每一样东西都温暖着我的心，我走进屋子里，熟悉的家具在欢迎我，屋里的每一样东西都温暖着我的心，哪怕或许仅仅是灰尘，那也是我家的灰尘，我喜欢它。哪怕或许仅仅是灰尘，那也是我家的灰尘，我喜欢它。v14. the talk of moving came up at dinner-(para.20) come up:被提出，被提及被提出，被提及your question never

18、came up in discussion.the accident came up an the meeting. 发生（意想不到的事情）发生（意想不到的事情）ill let you know if anything comes up.ill be late home-somethings just come up at work.v15. -but at one point he looked up from his plate-(para.20) look up:抬头看抬头看she looked up and smiled.i looked up and saw the police.v

19、16. -and asked, were settled here-(para.20) settle:定居；落户定居；落户his family is going to settle in canadahow did you come to settle here?确定；决定确定；决定he helped me settle on which car to buy.they settled a day for the meeting.exercises using the right word working with expressions focusing on sentence struct

20、ure translating using topic-related terms basic writing skillschoose the best item to complete each of the following sentences. using the right word 1. why has jane been giving me dirty _ all day? a. appearancesb. eyes c. looksd. faces 2. the chairman was _ for tim to come in too. a. singingb. sighi

21、ng c. indicatingd. signing 3. we should give moral support to them as they are _ to build a more democratic society. a. strugglingb. interfering c. extending d. restrainingcda4. he used to lose his _ easily, but now he is quite a different person. a. anger b. mood c. temperd. mind5. the _ between th

22、ese two dates is about six weeks. a. interveningb. interval c. interventiond. interview 6. the new _ of the country were fixed after the war. a. limitsb. bonds c. lines d. boundaries using the right wordcbd7. she stood for a moment with her head _ in his shoulder. a. putb. buried c. pressedd. rested

23、8. my hair is wrapped up in a _, because id just washed it when you called. a. carpet b. blanket c. tissue d. towel using the right wordbd1. thank you for your _ time, experience and service as well.2. hong kongs _ has helped change and develop the city into a modern one.3. the city has a _ of ten m

24、illion.4. the roofs _ and the walls were damp.working with expressionsfill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. valuableinvestment populationleaked5. in order to learn a foreign language well, we should make ourselves _ with the culture of that coun

25、try.6. they spent a whole day placing the _ ; now they have a comfortable and new house to live in.7. dont take what he said too seriously; he is _ asking about the possibility of further investment.8.he _ profession after 4 years at college.working with expressionsfamiliarfurnitureenteredmerelyfocu

26、sing on sentence structure 1: what he said could not excuse his crime at all.key: what he said could excuse his crime in no waya. rewrite the following sentences using the expressions given in the parentheses.2: though the idea sounded mad, in fact, it was rather good idea. (as a matter of fact) key

27、: though the idea sounded mad, as a matter of fact, it was rather good idea. focusing on sentence structure translatinga. translate the following into english. 1.同学们散坐在教室的各处讨论问题，就在 这时他们的老师进来了。(sit around) the students were sitting around the classroom and discussing questions when their teacher came

28、 in . 2.我去年买了这栋房子，所欠房款还未还清。(pay off) last year i bought this house, but i have not paid off the money i owe on it. 我的朋友向我点点头，然后仔细考虑我提出的问题。(nodmy friend nodded to me and thought over the questions i put forward. translatinga. translate the following into english. 4. 住房成为当今的流行话题，这是不难理解的。 it is not dif

29、ficult to understand that housing has become a popular subject of conversation these days. 5.你渐渐习惯了老房子的这些问题，就像习惯了自己的缺点一样。(get used to ) you have got used to these problems of your old house, just like your own shortcomings. translatingb. translate the following into chinese. 1、一个星期六的晚上，我们和一些老朋友散座在我们

30、相当破旧的起居室里，就在这时一个朋友开始努力回想我们已经在这住多久.2. “这房子对谁来说不那么值钱了这房子对谁来说不那么值钱了?”我大声地问他，我大声地问他，音量超过来使他听清楚所必需的程度。音量超过来使他听清楚所必需的程度。 3、在靠近我妻子书桌的窗帘后面，有一块四英寸宽、在靠近我妻子书桌的窗帘后面，有一块四英寸宽的墙没有涂最后四层涂料，以便保留那些小小的粉的墙没有涂最后四层涂料，以便保留那些小小的粉笔印记和对面的日期。笔印记和对面的日期。 v4、如果有什么东西出了问题，如果地毯破旧了，卫生间或浴室的水池漏水了，邻居不友好，你渐渐习惯于这些问题，并像对待自己的缺点一样，有办法听之任之。 v

31、5、我走进屋里，熟悉的家具在欢迎我，某种感觉温暖着我的心，带来这种感觉的东西或许仅仅是灰尘而已，但它是我家的灰尘，我喜欢它。using topic-related terms all of the following underlined words and expressions are related to something that happened to you before going to college. read them closely and use them to complete the passage below. my daughter allie is leav

32、ing for college this week. she answers, her voice filled with annoyance. the august before i left for college, i screamed at my mother the whole month. it wont seem like im trying to interfere in her life. she turns down every invitation i extend, and wears her walkman all the time to avoid talking

33、to me. i have to restrain myself from losing my temper and saying the most horrible of all mother phrases: think of everything ive done for you. we stand there together for several moments, connecting with one another again. i would like to go to a(n) _ far from home. my parents idea, on the other h

34、and, was just the opposite. my father tried his best not to _ in my choice and showed no sign of _, but my mother was _ at me all the time. i could hardly _ myself, so i did everything i could to _ meeting and talking to her. fortunately, we finally found ways to_ with one another again. college res

35、train interfere avoid annoyance screaming connectusing topic-related terms basic writing skills英语写作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下两种方法：英语写作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下两种方法：用具体描述代替抽象概述。例如：用具体描述代替抽象概述。例如：less vivid: praise is good for the healthy growth of children.more vivid: an ounce of praise is worth a pound of critic

36、ism. to give praise costs one nothing but a few words. it is an investment that has nothing to do with money. it will help children grow up healthily. basic writing skills英语写作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下两种方法：英语写作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下两种方法：2. 2. 用比喻对事物进行形象比较。例如：用比喻对事物进行形象比较。例如：less vivid: when they learn to turn

37、 and fly forward, they realize that they are now able to fly freely in the sky with the help of a parachute.more vivid: when they learn to turn and fly forward, they realize that theyre not just a flying stone. they realize that theyre like a bird: they can fly. less vivid: the power is yours go and

38、 try out other bosses before you promptly take this job for the long run.more vivid: the power is yoursgo and check out other bosses before you jump aboard for the long run.examine the following sentences below. choose the sentences that are more effective in describing a situation or event. model:

39、a. there were ashes falling from the sky. b. a rain of ashes was falling from the sky. key: b. a rain of ashes was falling from the sky. 1.a. the first bright star appeared in the night sky, and it didnt move. b. like a yellow diamond in a wine colored sky, the first star appeared, immobile and perf

40、ect. practice2. a. the water in the bay was dead calm. b. the water in the bay was not moving. 3. a. it seemed as if my body was glowing, with all the sun of the afternoon embedded under my skin. b. i felt sunburned and hot after being in the sun all day. 4. a. the wind blew my shirt. b. the icy win

41、d whipped my shirt. 5. a. from midnight on, my right knee began to hurt and i felt as though the water had penetrated my bones. b. from midnight on, my right knee began to hurt and it was painful. practice6. a. i feel like our relationship is hanging by a thread. b. i feel like our relationship is d

42、elicate and unstable.7. a. the president was in a dangerous and difficult situation. b. the president was skating on very thin ice in trying to achieve this goal.8. a. allies feelings have gone underground. b. allie has kept her feelings from being shown. practicethe monkey the monkey a man walks in

43、to a bar and orders a beer. he takes his first sip and sets it down. while he is looking around the bar, a monkey swings down and steals the pint of beer from him before he is able to stop the monkey. the man asks the barman who owns the monkey. the barman replies that its the piano player. the man

44、walks over to the piano player and says do you know your monkey stole my beer? the pianist replies no, but if you hum it, ill play it. note: sip “吮吸吮吸”. merry learning酒吧里的猴子酒吧里的猴子 一男子去酒吧，点了一杯啤酒。他喝了一口放下。当他环视酒吧时，发现一只猴子荡下来，在他阻止之前，偷走了啤酒。 该男子问酒吧招待，这只猴子是谁的。服务员回答说是钢琴手的。男子走到钢琴手面前问：“你知道你的猴子偷了我的啤酒吗？”钢琴手回答说：“没

45、有，但是如果你能哼唱，我会为你演奏的。” merry learning 定语定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 汉语中常用的表示。定语的位置定语的位置 定语的位置一般有两种:用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。不

46、及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to, of ,at后方可跟上宾语i have something to say.he has a lot of homework to do .he is looking for a room to live in .there is nothing to worry about.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.)请给我一支写字的笔请给我一支写字的笔.pl

47、ease give me a pen to write with.不定式作定语时，应放在不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面被修饰词的后面，而，而且放在其他后置定语之后。且放在其他后置定语之后。1. 不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种三种关系：关系：(1)动宾关系动宾关系 如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，不定式如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，不定式里的动词必须是里的动词必须是及物动词及物动词。注意：是及物动词的，后。注意：是及物动词的，后面不要再加宾语，因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语；面不要再加宾语，因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语；是不及物动词的，要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成是不及物动词的，要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成及物动词，只有这样，它才能带上前面的宾语。及物动词，只有这样，它才能带上前面的宾语。 1） he has a lot of books to read here is some advice for you to follow. there is no one to take care of. (2) she