初中英语重点短语用法及其区别

1、not until，until的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。如：He banged on the door until she let him in. 他砰砰打门，一直到她开门让他进去为止。She pored over the problem until she solved it. 她深入地思考了这个问题，直到把它解决为至。The letter passed from one to another until everyone had read

2、it. 这封信从一个人转手到另一个人直到每个人都看过。not until表示“到为止；直到才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it . 直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。We'll never find Truth in her entirety, at least not until the Second Coming, and who knows when that will be? 我们永远找不到完整的真理，至少在第二次到来之前不能，谁知道那将是

3、什么时候呢？Therefore let us realize that it is not until we have cultivated the better qualities in ourselves that we can expect to find them in others. 因此，我们要意识到在我们自己身上培养出更好的品质之前，我们不能希望在其他人的身上找到这样的品质。arrive , reach , get to的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别arrive ,  reach ,  get to   三者都有“到达”之意。re

4、ach为及物动词。They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他们到达天津。arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词in或at。We must clear the room before our guests arrive. 我们必须在客人到达之前把房间收拾好。Workers in a factory must clock in when they arrive. 工厂工人到达工厂时必须记录上班时间。You must hook up with Mr. Ordway once you arrive there. 你一到那儿必须马上与奥德韦先生联系。get to常用于口语，可代替

5、前二者。They employed the best lawyer they could get to plead their case. 他们聘请了能请到的最好的律师为他们陈述案情。You have to reflect on how to answer his questions before you get to his house. 在你到达他家之前你必须考虑好如何回答他提出的问题。How do you plan to keep all of your reasons in mind so that you can get to where you want to be? 你打算怎样记

6、住自己的那些理由到达自己想要到达的地方？ 我很乐意在评论里听听你的想法。because , because of的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别because ,  because of 都是 “因为”的意思because是连词，引导状语从句。We stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨，我们呆在家。I did it because they asked me to do it! 我做这事是因为他们请我做啊！They bumped her off because she knew too much. 因为她知道太多，所以他们把她

7、干掉了。We could not reason out which way the robbers escaped, because we were unable to find any trace of them. 我们推断不出这些强盗是从哪个方向逃走的，因为我们找不到他们的任何踪迹。because of是短语介词，后面接名词性词语。We stayed at home because of the rain. 因为下雨，我们呆在家。Many motorists were forced to stop over in that town because of floods. 由于发大水， 许多

8、开车旅游的人被迫停留在那个镇上了。His business went under because of competition from the large corporations. 由于大公司的竞争，他的生意陷入了困境。Because of the snow, the pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city. 由于大雪，飞行员只得把飞机降落到另一座城市的一个飞机场。too much. too many, much too的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别too much + 不可数名词 They b

9、umped her off because she knew too much. 因为她知道太多，所以他们把她干掉了。Seeing too much violence on television can desensitize people to it. 在电视上看太多暴力，会使人对暴力麻木不仁。They bumped him off because he knew too much about their illegal activities. 他们把他谋杀了， 因为他对他们的非法活动知道得太多了。too many + 可数名词  They have too many r

10、estrictions. 他们有很太多的限制。One reason for my decision was that all too many people advised me not to do it. 我之所以做出这样的决定，原因之一就是有太多的人不想让我来这里。Versatility is another of your strong points, but don't overdo it by having too many irons in the fire. 你还有一个长处是多才多艺， 但不要揽事太多而太露锋芒。much too + 形容词  很，非常.One

11、of the big mistakes that I think people make is to do too much too soon. 我认为人们常犯的一个大的错误就是在太短的时间里做得太多了。Look, " he said to his people, "the Israelites have become much too numerous for us. 对他的百姓说：“看哪，这以色列民比我们还多，又比我们强盛。For example, all of these elements are unlikely to be implemented as a sin

12、gle component, since they're much too complicated for this to be the case. 例如，所有这些元素都不可能作为一个单一的组件被实现，但是这对于一个用例来说太过复杂了。ago , before的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别ago 立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间之前；ago 通常与一般过去时连用不能与完成时连用；I met him three years ago .（距今）三年前，我遇到他。I met her once several years ago. 几年前我曾见过她一面。They checked o

13、ut ten minutes ago. 他们十分钟前就结账走了。He and his wife busted up three months ago. 他和他妻子三个月前就关系破裂了。before 立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起，若干时间以前。before通常与过去完成时连用。 I had met him three years before .（距当时）三年前我见到他一次。Write her before you go. 你去之前先给他写封信。I have seen him before. 我以前曾经见到过他。You should hibernate before I contac

14、t with you. 在我与你联系之前，你得潜伏不动。few, a few; little , a little的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别few,  a few;  little ,  a little的用法和区别（1）few, a few是可数的, little, a little是不可数的。 （2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。I met few people congenial to me in the department. 在那个单位里我没碰到几个意气相投的人。The thief mooche

15、d few apples when we are not looking. 那个小偷乘我们不注意偷了几个苹果。Year by year a few of these slang terms prove so useful that they graduate into respectable society. 年复一年， 这些俚语中的一些证明是十分有用的， 因而逐渐进入了上流社会。They have a little ink, don't they?  他们有一点墨水，是吗？They have little ink, do they?  他们几乎没有墨水，是吗？Sh

16、e has a few Chinese friends, doesn't she?  他有几位中国朋友，是吗？She has few Chinese friends, does she?  他几乎没有几位中国朋友,是开吗She has a little dog. 她有一只小狗。 spend, pay, cost, take的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别spend,  pay,  cost,  take的用法和区别sb. spend on sth.    某人花了（时间、金钱）在某事上。S

17、b.spend.  (in) doing sth. 某人花了（时间、金钱）做某事。We should not spend our fortune. 我们不能浪费钱财。You really shouldn't spend so much effort on it. 你真不该在这件事上花费这么大的精力。He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life. 他过去把钱都花在吃喝儿上，现在可节省了。sb. pay for sth.   某人为某物花了钱。We wi

18、ll not pay for your crisis. 我们不会为你们的危机付款。All this may be the price we pay for progress. 这一切都可能是我们为进步付出的代价。I'll settle with you, you have to pay for your insulting. 我早晚要找你算这笔账的，你得为你的侮辱行为付出代价。sth. cost sb.     某物花了某人钱。Did you reckon in the cost of the taxi? 你把坐计程车的费用计算在内了吗?They dedu

19、cted the cost of the broken window from his allowance. 他们从他的津贴中扣除损坏窗户的费用。We have to weigh the cost of the new system against the benefits it will bring. 我们必须权衡一下起用新系统所需的成本和它将带来的效益。It takes/took sb. to do sth.  花了某人（时间、金钱）做某事 begin , start的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别begin ,  start  “开始”一般

20、可以通用，但start较为口语化。It has begun（started）raining . 已经开始下雨了She is very honest, to begin with. 首先，她很诚实。Begin the job the day after tomorrow. 后天开始干这活吧。I shall count up to ten and then we can begin. 我数到十然后我们就开始。start还可表示“动身”、“开动”等意思，而begin则不能这样用例如：They start for Beijing tomorrow. 他们明天动身去北京。I should be inst

21、ructed when to start. 应当通知我出发的时间。He warmed to the disabled from the start. 他从一开始就同情那个残疾人。Though he had a good start, I rowed him down at last. 虽然他开始时划得很好，但最后我还是赶过了他。borrow , lend的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别borrow , lend   二者都有“借”的意思。borrow是“借入”，lend是“借出”。例如：Can I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的钢笔吗？Could I

22、 borrow your pen? 我可以借用你的笔吗?May I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的笔吗?Could I borrow your bike from you until next week? 我借用你的自行车，直到下周还你，好吗?Lend me your pen, will you? 把钢笔借给我用用，可以吗？Could you lend me your dictionary? 你能把字典借我用用吗?He promised to lend me some money,but he has ratted on me. 他答应借给我一些钱，但是他说了话不算数。All

23、these plans presuppose that the bank will be willing to lend us the money. 这些计划是预先假定银行会愿意借钱给我们而制定的。finally , at last , in the end的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别finally ,  at last ,  in the end    它们都有“最后”、“终于”的含义。但用法不同。finally用于动词之前，表示人们长期以来期待的某事最后实现了。He tried many times and finally su

24、cceeded. 他试验了多次,最后成功了。at last也有此义，但期待的感情更强烈一些。  At last he has understood it. 最后他终于明白了这个。in the end表示经过许多变化或周折，最后发生了某事。例如：We made several different plans for our holiday, but in the end we had a summer camp again. 我们制定了好几种不同的度假方案，但最后我们还是选定了再来一次夏令营活动。He calmed down in the end. 他的情绪终于平定下来。I had t

25、o ask him several times for my money, and he paid up in the end. 我不得不向他讨了几回账，他最后终于还清债了。His research in cancer that spanned 15 years has made considerable headway in the end. 他对癌症持续15年的研究终于取得了极大的进展。find , look for， find out的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别find ,  look for， find out   二者都有“寻找”的意思。fi

26、nd是look for的结果。What are you looking for? 你在找什么？look for是find之前的寻找过程。Have you found your pen? 你找到你的钢笔了吗？Find out指经过一番努力最终找到。I found out she was wrong.我发现她错了。How do we find out about it? 我们怎么去发现这一点？But if they lie, I find out. 但如果他们骗人，我会发现的。They need to interview some people and find out if they like

27、their jobs. 他们需要接见一些人并且查明是否他们喜欢他们的工作。join , take part in, join in的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别join ,  take part in,  join in  二者都有“参加”的意思。join多指参加某组织、党派或社会团体，成为其中的一个成员。He joined the League in 1985. 他在1985年入团。join in 参加正在进行的竞赛,娱乐,谈话等活动。如: join us in the match;take part in指参加活动、群众性活动或会议，并在其中起一定作

28、用。The old man took part in the Long March. 这位老人参加过长征。When you take part in any performance, you get out as much as you put in. 你参加任何活动，你投入多少力量就会得到多少收获。Students should do surveys, visit museums, take part in charity work and hand in reports for teachers to decide on their marks. 学生应该通过做调查，参观博物馆，参加公益劳

29、动，上交给老师的这些活动的报告，决定他们的成绩。But Australia is a resource producer, so we have the advantage of being able to take part in the additional supply of things that are in strong demand.This helps our incomes. 但澳大利亚是资源生产者，因此我们有这个优势，能够去参与那些有着强劲需求的东西的额外供应，这增加了我们的收入。in front of, in the front of的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区

30、别in front of,  in the front of的用法与区别in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。如：He walked in front of me.他走在我的前面。There are some flowers in front of the house.房子前面有些花卉。in the front of 意思是“在某一空间内的前部”，即甲物在乙物的范围之内；其反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。如：There is a big desk and a blackboard in th

31、e front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前He sat in the front of the classroom. 他坐在教室的前面。（在教室里面）The girl is standing at/in the front of the bus. 这个女孩站在公共汽车的前部。(在车内)Actually with a huge hole in the front of my shirt since I still refuse to

32、go shopping. 事实上，衬衫的前面应该还有个大洞，因为我一直不愿去买件新的。how long, how often, how far, how soon的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别how long, how often, how far, how soon的用法和区别how long意为“多久、多长时间”，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是（for）three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。 How long do you stay in Beijing every year? 每年你在北京住多久？how often意为“多久次

33、、是否经常”，用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等。 How often do you get to school very early? 你多久早到校一次？how far意为“多远”，对距离提问时用。How far is that? 那有多远？how soon意为“还要多久”，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是“in + 一段时间”。How soon can you finish the wo

34、rk? 还要多久你能完成这项工作？In half an hour. 半小时后。 whether、if的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别whether，if 这两个连词都作"是否"解,引导宾语从句时,两者通常可以互换。但在下列几种情况下, 不可用if 代替whether。1)当whether 与or not连成词组时。I don't know whether or not they will come for our help. 我不知道他们是否来帮助我们。2)whether 用在不定式前面时。She hasn't deci

35、ded whether to go or not. 她还没有决定去还是不去。3)whether引导的从句放在句首时。Whether this is true or not, I can't say. 这是不是真的,我不说(或我说不准)Think it over and let me know whether you agree with me. 好好考虑一下， 然后告诉我你是否同意我的意见。Whether we will go there tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去那里取决于天气。John and his wife clashed

36、on the question of whether they should have another child. 约翰和他的妻子在是否应再生一个孩子这个问题上意见有分歧。if  conj. （表条件）如果；即使；是否；（表假设）假如    n. 条件；设想What is to become of me if you go away? 如果你走的话，我的结果将是怎样呢?If he winks at you,you may wink back as well. 如果他向你使眼色的话，你也可以使眼色以示回答。If you take this medicin

37、e,all your symptoms will fall away. 如果你使用这种药物，你的所有症状将会消失。have sb.do，have sb.or sth.doing，have sth.done的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别have sb.do，have sb.or sth.doing，have sth.done（了解）have sb.do 作“使某人做某事”解，have 后作宾语补足的不定式通常不带 to。have sb./sth.doing 与 have sb.do 的意思大致相同，只是现在分词作宾补强调动作在进行，而不定式作宾补只表示发生了某件事。试比较下面两个句子：

38、The boss had his workers working all day long.那老板让工人们整天（不停地）干活。The boss had his workers work fourteen hours a day.那老板让工人们一天干14小时的活。在 have sb.or sth.doing 结构中，have 如被否定，往往作“允许”、“容忍”解。如：I won't have you saying such things.我不允许你讲这样的话。Have/get sth done 作“（有意识地）让别人替自己做某事”解，过去分词表示的动作赏由别人完成，宾语是过去分词所表示地

39、动作的承受者。I will have my hair cut tomorrow.  明天我将去理发。还可批无意识的被动行为，have 作“受到”、“遭受”解。如：I had my pen stolen.我的钢笔被人偷了。 either,either or, neither, neither nor, both and的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别either,eitheror, neither, neithernor, both and 的用法及区别either其意为"两者中的任何一个"。 There are many sh

40、ops on either side of the street. 街道两边有许多商店。either用在否定句的句末，表示"也"的意思。 If you don't go there, I won't, either. 如果你不去那里，我也不去。either.or.意为"或者或者；不是就是"之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。either.or.连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的"就近原则"。Either you or I am going there

41、 tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里.neither作主语，表示"两者中没有一个"。Neither of them likes football. 他们俩都不喜欢足球。neither.nor.表示"既不也不"。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。 She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。当neither.nor.连接两个主语时，也应遵循"就近原则"。例如： Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。若将

42、neither.nor.句型变为肯定句，只需把neither.nor.改为both.and.即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如： Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。hear，hear of，hear from的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别hear，hear of，hear from的用法和区别hear 和hear of 都可解作"听说",hear 后面接宾语从句。hear 还可作"听见","听到"解,后面可以接名词,代词+不带to的不定式(或分词)的复合结构。I he

43、ard him just now.我刚才听到了他说话。I heard him singing in the next room.我听见他在隔壁房间里唱歌。hear of后面接名词,代词或动名词.I have heard of him.我听人提到过他.I was shocked to hear of his poor death. 听到他惨遭不幸的噩耗， 我十分震惊。But that may not be the last Canadians hear of it. 不过这可能不是加拿大人最后一次听说它。Doing this keeps you in people's minds and

44、 lets them respond quickly if they hear of anything that might help you. 这会使人们对你留有印象，这样一来，一旦他们听说可能对你有用的信息，就会马上做出响应。hear from意为"收到.的信","得到.消息"。例如: How often do you hear from your father?  你每隔多久收到你父亲的信?  注意:hear from的主语是"人",而不是"信"。agree with，

45、agree to，agree on的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别agree with，agree to，agree on   两者都有“同意”、“赞成”的意思。agree with 后面常接表示人或意见（看法）的名词作宾语。agree with 还有“适合”、“符合”的含义。如：The climate here doesn't agree with him.他不适合这里的气候。agree to 后面一般接表示提议、办法、计划之类的名词作宾语。Do you agree to this change? 你同意这样的改变吗？We regret for the l

46、oss you have suffered and agree to compensate you by $500. 我们对你方遭受的损失深表歉意，同意向你们赔偿500美圆。I fully agree to the arrangement and take delight in it take it with delight. 我完全赞成并乐于接受这一安排。agree on就达成一致的意见。You and your spouse do not have to agree on politics. 你和你的配偶不必在政治上保持一致。Agree on how we measure/test the

47、 achievement of the needs and goals. 在他们如何度量/测试需求和目标的达成方面达成一致 。And where is the point in stoking up fear of China if Americans cannot agree on what to do about it? 并且，如果美国人都无法在采取什么行动上取得一致，那么鼓动对中国的害怕又有什么意义？take care的用法初中英语重点短语用法及其区别take care 的用法take care意为“注意”，“当心”，“留心”。可以单独使用，也可以跟不定式或that从句。Take car

48、e! The ice is thin.当心！冰很薄。take extreme care 格外留神take proper care of 适当注意take-care cabinet 看守内阁We only have one earth, so we need to take care of her. 我们只有一个地球，所以我们必须要好好的照顾她。Take care of your car, because you drive the car and you need it every day. The car is necessary for you. 所以好好照顾自己的车，因为车子是你在开，你

49、每天都需要用到车，它是你的必需品。When you take your food next time, take care of the food what you are taking. Because the food you take determines your character. 下次当你选择食物的时候,注意你所选择的食物，因为这些食物决定你的性格，你不一定要相信，但这是事实。say , tell，speak , talk的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别say , tell，speak , talk的用法和区别say , tell，speak , talk  四

50、者都有“说”、“讲”的意思。say指用语言表达自己的思想，着重所说的内容。它的宾语只能是“话（语言）”，不是“人”。例如：How do you say this in English ？ 这个用英语怎么说？tell是告诉某人一件事。用于tell sb . sth这个句式，可以带两个宾语，一个指人，一个指物。例如：Please tell me something about yourself. 请和我讲讲你自己的情况。speak的意思是“说话”，着重说的动作，是不及物动词；也做“演说”解，此外可作及物动词用，接语言等词。例如：Do you speak English? 你说英语吗？打电话时，习惯

51、用speak；不用talk，例如：Can I speak to Mary, please? 请找玛丽说话好吗？talk的意思是“谈话”。通过谈话交换意见，思想等，是不及物动词。例如：He was talking to a friend. 当时他在和一个朋友谈话。What are they talking about ？ 他们在谈论什么？sometime; sometimes; some time; some times的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别sometime某时是副词，可与过去时或将来时连用，表示"（在过去）某个时候"或"（在将来）某个时候&quo

52、t;。如： I saw him sometime in May.some time多数情况下作名词短语，意为"一些时间；一些时候"；它还可以作副词词组，用来表示一个未肯定的时刻，此时它可与sometime互换。如： I'll be away for some time.sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词，意为"有时候"。如： Sometimes I help my mother with the housework.some times是"几次、几倍"之意。如：They have been there some tim

53、es.You should knock yourself out trying, but in my own experience I have found some times where I can't do that. 您应该努力尝试这么做，但以我个人的经验，有时我发现有些地方我也不能这么做。However, until more studies are done, women may wish to consult with their physicians about this issue and consider a backup method of contracepti

54、on at some times of the month. 然而，在我们取得更多数据以前，那些需要进行避孕的肥胖女性，可以咨询她们的医生在每个月的一些时候采取一些备份的避孕方法。I do not think it can be questioned that sympathy is a genuine motive, and that some people at some times are made somewhat uncomfortable by the sufferings of some other people. 我认为同情心作为一种真诚的动机之存在是无可置疑的。 若他人遭受痛

55、苦，某些人在某些时候，会感到某种程度上的心理不适。another, other, the other, the others的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别another, other, the other, the others的用法及区别another是指不定数目中的“另一个”；the other是指两个人或两样事物中的“另一个”。当我们在两样事物中任选一样时，应用one or the other；在三样或三样以上任选一样时，应用 one or other或one or another。The others = the rest剩余的全部1) 泛指另一个用another。 

56、;2) 一定范围内两人(物)，一个用one，另一个用the other。3) 一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one (another)，第三个可用the other，a third。4) 一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。5) 泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others。look , see , watch的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别look , see , watch  三者都有“看”的意思。look是看的过程。I looked, but saw nothing . 我看了，

57、但什么也没看见。see是看的结果。I can see her. see a film看电影；see a play看戏（话剧）。 See if you can go with us. 考虑一下，看是否能和我们一起去。Reckon up all your money and see if you have enough. 估算一下你一共有多少钱， 看是否已经足够了。You have only to look around to see the prosperity of the district. 你只要环顾四周，就可看到这个地区的繁荣。  watch是看移动的事物或

58、定晴地看。watch a football match看足球比赛。watch TV看电视。She entrusted me with her watch. 她把她的手表托我保管。Please borrow me you watch. 请把你的手表借给我。He got away with my watch. 他带着我的表逃走了。happen , take place的用法和区别初中英语重点短语用法及其区别happen , take place   二者都有“发生”的意思。happen指事情的发生，往往带有“偶然”的意思。I dread to think what will happen next. 我不愿想下一次会发生什么。These events were clearly predestined to happen. 这些事件是不可避免要发生的。Daniel: Do you have the workers to