英语名词变复数的规则及练习题

1、英语名词变复数的规则及练习题1. 名词名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的 名称，如Beijmg, China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book, sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，女口： gUllo2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，女口： family。3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，女U： air。4）抽彖名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数 目计算，称为不可数

2、名词。1.1名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词 一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/7J bag-bags /car-cars以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加-es读 /1Z/bus-buses/ watch-watches以ce, se, ze,等结尾加-s读 /1Z/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i再加es 读/z/baby一babies1.2其它名词复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如:two Marysmonkeymonkeys2）以。结尾的名词，变复数时： 久力口 s

3、,如：photophotos radioradiosthe Heniysholidayholidayspianopianoszoozoos；b.力n es,女山 potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesc.上述a和b两种方法均可,如zerozeros / zeroeso3 ）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:a.加 s,如：beliefbeliefsroofroofssafe一safesgulfgulfs；b. 去 fJb 加 ves,如 halfhalveswolfwolvesknife一-knives leaf-leaves 注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，

4、其复数形式也是-men和-women,如an Englislunaii, two Englishmen。但 German 不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans ； Bowman 是 姓，其复数是the Bowmansowife.一wiveslife一livesthief-tlueves：c. 上述 a 和 b 两种方法均可,如 handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieveso1.3名词复数的不规则变化1）child一childienfoot一feettootli-一teethmouse一micemanmenwomanwomen2）单复同形，deer

5、, sheep, fish, Chmese, Japanese , lit jin, yuan, two li, thiee mu, fou“n等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。女U： a dollar, hvo dollars; a meter, two meters o3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people, a police» a cattle» 但可以说 a person, a policeman, a head of cattle, the En

6、glish, the British, the French, the Chineset tlie Japanese» the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如 The Clunese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a. maths, politics, physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。b. news为不口J数名词。c. the United States, the United Nations 应视为单数。The United Nations was organized

7、in 1945.联合国是 1945 年组建起来的。d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如："The Aiabian Nights* is a very mterestmg story-book一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故爭 书。5 ）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers, clothes等，若表达具体数 目,要借助数量词 pair （对,双）;suit （套）;a pair of glasses; two paiis of trousers 等。6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，wate

8、rs水域， fishes （各种）鱼。1.4不可数名词量的表示1）物质名词当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较：Cake is a kuid of food.蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）a. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如：Tins factoiy produces steel.（不可数）We need various steels.（可数）b. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：Our countiy is famous for tea.我国因茶叶而闻名。Two teas, please.请来两杯茶。2）抽彖名词表

9、示具体的事例时也可数。例如：four fieedoms 四人自由the four modernizations 四个现代化物质名词和抽彖名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ c advice 一则建议。5. 定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。1）用复数作定语。例如：spoils meeting 运动会 students readmg-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌tlie foreign languages depaitment 夕卜语系2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词

10、的单复数而定。men workers women teachers gentlemen officialspiece of例如:3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如：goods train （货车）arms produce 武器生产customs papers 海关文件clothes biush 衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如: hvo-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋a ten-niile walk 十英里路hvo-hundred trees两百棵树a five-veai plan一个五年计划1.6不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人t

11、he Clunesea Chmesetwo Chmese瑞士人the Swissa Swisstwo Swiss澳人利亚人the Australiansan Austialiaiitwo Australians俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians意人利人the Italiansan Italiannvo Italians希腊人the Greeka Greektwo Greeks法国人the French a Frenchman two Fienclmien口本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese美国人the Ameri

12、cans an American two Americans印度人the Indians an Indian two Indians加拿人人the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians德国人the Germansa Germans two Germans英国人 the English an Englislmian two Englishmen瑞典人the Swedish a Swede two Swedes1.7名词的格英语中有些名词可以加”M来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有 格，如：a teacher's booko名词所有格的规则

13、如下:1）单数名词词尾加”'s”，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加,“s”，如the boy's bag男孩的书包， men room男厕所。2 ）若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加"，"，如：tlie woikeisr stniggle工人的斗争。3）凡不能加"创的名词，都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song歌的名字。4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词, in： the barber's 理发店。5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别

14、有则表示”分别有”：只有一个0则表示，共有,。例如:John's and MaiVs rooms （两间） Jolm and Mary's room （一间）6）复合名词或短语，加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：a month or nvo's absence1.8练习1. He was eager to make some extra money, since durmg these years he could haidly live onliis.a. little wage b few wage c. wage d wages2. Most of the houses

15、 in the village were buint toduimg the war.a.an ash b. the ash c. ash d. ashes3. The students at colleges or universities are makingfor the coming New Year.a.many preparations b. much preparation c. preparations d. preparation4. Paiiitiiig illis one of their spare-time activities.a.oil b. an oil c.

16、oils d. the oil5.111 the view of the foreign experts, tliere wasn'toil here.muchb. lots ofc. a great deal of d. many6. The large houses are being painted、buta. of great expenseb at a great expense c. in a lot of expenses d by high expense7. The room was small and contained far tooa. much new fii

17、inituiec. much new fxiniituresb. nianv new fiirnitured. many new fuinituies8. Jun was late for two classes tliis morning. He said that he forgot both of thea. rooms number b. room number c. room's munbers d. room numbers9. Computers can dowork in a short time, but a man can not doby himself.a gi

18、-eat many.manyc. much.a great dealb. a great deal of.muchd. many.a great many10.She didn't knowhe had been given.how many iiifbrmationc. how nianv iiiformationsgrowns-upsc. growns-upgrowns-upsc. growns-upbthe number of mformation d. how much mfoniiation11. He mvited all of liisto jom liis weddin

19、g party.conuade-m-aimsc. conuades-m-armb.conuades-in-armsd. coinrade-in-aim12. All theill the hospital got a rise last nionth.a.women doctorsc. woman doctorsb.women doctord. woman doctorAfter ten yeais, all these youngsters becamegrowns-upsc. growns-upfather-iii-lawc. father-m-lawb.grown-upd. grown-

20、ups13. The police investigated thoseabout the accident.a.stander-byc. standers-bvJJbstander-bysd. standers-bys14. The Nazi kept thosein tliek concentration caiupa. prisoner-ofwarsc. prisoners-oMvarb. prisoners-oMvarsd. prisoner-ofwai-15. The manager was greatly appreciate tliatmade by Lmda lately.a.

21、 new reel b. news reel c. new-reels d news reelsn.Mars dress is similar in appearance to her.a. elder sister b. elder sister's c. elder sisters d. elder sisters dress18. All the people at the conference area. mathematic teachers c. mathematics teacherb. niathematics teachersd. mathematic teacher

22、s19. Professor Mackay told us tliatof lead are its softness and its resistance.a. some propertyc. propertiesb. some propertiesd. propeity20. Physicswith matter and motion.a.deal b. deals c. dealing d aie21. He has written several books, but liis last workswell known among his friends.a.have b have b

23、een c. is d. are22. After he checked up myheart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few daysb.father-m-lawd. father'sin-law's23. He told mewould come to his buthdav paity.a. many Jack friendsc. many Jack's fiiendaround the coiner.b. Jack's many friendsd. many fiiends of Jack's2

24、4.1 had my hak cut at thea.barberb. barbersc. barber'sd. barbers'25. Yesteidav evening we had a lovely evening ata. Peter and Helen'sc. Peter and Helenb. Peter and Helensd. Peteis and Helen's26. receives only a small portion of the total amount of tlie sim's energy.a.Tlie earth&#

25、39;s surfacec. The surface of earthb.The surface eaithd. The earth surface27. Numerous materials are available toa. today of designersc. today's of designersb. today's designersd today designers2&Why did you speak to Peter that way? Don't you know he is ail old friend of?a.my brother

26、 b. my brothers c. my brother'sd. my brother's friend29. is a well-iiifonned man. Hu can tell you anything you want to know.a. Tliis John's old friendc. Thafs Jahn's old friendb. Tins old fiiend of Johnd. This old fiiend of John'sis too much for a little boy to cairv.a. A bike

27、9;s weightc. The weight of a bikeb.Tlie weiglits of a bike d. Bile's weight30. Generally there aretelevision programs for cliildren on Satuiday.a.little b. much c. a large number of d. a laige amount of31. When they got to the lecture-roonK there werelefta.only few seats b. a veiy few seats c. o

28、nly a few seats d. so a few seats32. travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.a.A little mail b. A piece of mail c. A mail d. A small mail33. The Depaitment purchasedto improve the working conditions therea. a new equipmentc. new equipmentsb. a new piece of equipment d new piece

29、s of equipments34. The bov tried hard but tliere has beenin liis woik.a. littl亡 improvement c. many improvementsb. a little miprovement d few iinprovements35. Today's modem TV cameras requuelight as compared with the eailier models.a.only a few b only few c. only a little d. only little36. No co

30、untry can afford to neglecta.ail education b. educations c. education d the education37. Please write tlie answers to the questions at the end of.a.eighth chapter b chapter eight c. eight chapter d chapter the eightis only siupassed by that of monkeysJ and apes'.The mtelligent dogc. The intellig

31、ence of dogsbThe dogs whose intelligence d. The dogs being intelligent38. A11must take the graduate Management Admission Test.a.bmiiiess student b. business's students c. business students d. business'sstudent39. anydiere in the United States costs less tliaii a dollar when you dial it yours

32、elf.Tluee nmiutes callc. A tluee-nunutes callb.Tluee-ininute calld. A tliiee-nunute call40. Theabout nuclear energy revolves aiound the waste problema. public's chief concernc. chief public concernb. public chief concernd. chief concern of public's41. the fiist and laigest etlinic group to w

33、ork on the constniction of the transcontinentallailioad Clunese wereb. The Chuiese wasc. Chuiese wasd The Chmese were42. can get a better view of tlie game than the pailicipants.Looker-onb. Lookers-onc. Looker-onsc. Lookers-ons43. A group of spectators was dispersed by the police whoat the scene of

34、the accidentswithui nmiutes.wereb have been c. wasd has been46.Our livestocknot as numerous as they used to be.a.is b. are c. be d. be亡n47.One of the most suipiisiiig things is thatmay come from petroleum.a.much of tomonow foodc. many of tomorrow's foodb.much of the food of tomoiTow d. much of t

35、omorrow's food48.Scott is ail orphan but he receiveda. very good educationc. a veiy good educationb. very good educationsd. many good educations49. After several day's hardworking, we have madeon the design.a. much miprovementc. many improvementb. several improvementsd some miprovement50. Th

36、e boy was very happy that liis motlier bought hun a new pair of shoes at ayesterday.a.shoes shop b. shoe shop c. shoes's shop d. shoe's5 l.Eggs, though nouiisliiiig, haveof fat content.52.He has done somelarge number b a large number c. a liigh amount d the liigh amounton that subject from v

37、arious angles over tlie past ten years.research b. a researchc. researches d the reseaiches53. Recently, he has lost all liiswage and saving at caidc. wages and saving at caidb.wages and savings at cardd. wages and savings at cards54. The country's wealth comes cluefly fi'om its manyherd of

38、cattleb heard of cattlesc. herds of cattled. herds of cattles55.111 Britain theaie all painted red a.left亡I boxesb. letters boxc. letters boxesd. letters's box56. Ten years had passed I found she hada.a little white hakc. a few wliite hairb.some white haird. much white hair57. A11 liisfor from s

39、atisfactiona.conduct is b conduct are c. conducts is d conducts will be58. Although the town had been attacked by tlie storm several times,was donea.a few damages b few damages c. little damage d a little damage59. He waswhat to do.a.at liis wit end b. at liis wits end c. at liis wifs end d. at his wits's end60. Would you like to have a cup of tea andwi