火灾报警系统英文文献

1、 本科毕业设计（论文） 中英文对照翻译院（系部） 机械与动力工程学院 专业名称 测控技术与仪器 年级班级 08级3班 学生姓名 牛 彦 杰 指导老师 赵 彦 如 2012年6月8日the fire auto-alarm system designfire control work shall follow the policy of devoting major efforts into prevention and combining fire prevention with fire fighting, and shall adhere to the principle of combin

2、ing the efforts of both specialized organizations and the masses and carry out responsibility system on fire prevention and safety. the state council shall led and the people's governments at all levels be responsible for fire control work. the people's government at all levels shall bring f

3、ire control work in line with the national economy and social development plan, and ensure that fire control work fit in with the economic construction and social development. the public security department of the state council shall.monitor and administer the nationwide fire control work; the publi

4、c security organs of local people's governments above county level shall monitor and administer the fire control work within their administrative region and the fire control institutions of public security organs of the people's government at the same level shall be responsible for the imple

5、mentation. along with the our country economic development rapid development, the lives of the people level unceasing enhancement, the city uses to be day by day anxious, urges the building to face the direction is developing. this kind of high level civil construction repair needed materials and th

6、e way also more hasten the diversification, and along with uses electricity the load and coal gas consumption quantity enlarging.proposed to the fire auto-alarm system design is higher, a stricter request. in order to guarantee the people life and property the security, the fire auto-alarm system de

7、sign has become in the high level civil construction design one of most important design contents. the establishment of the monitoring role of the author about the fire alarm systems in the design of tall buildings on the basis of experience, it is proposed that details of the relevant national stan

8、dards and standards is not clear simple views through group discussion and point out the error.first, design basisthe fire auto-alarm system design is a specialized very strong technology work, at the same time also has the very strong policy-type. therefore, first should be clear about the followin

9、g design basis:1st, must grasp the architectural design fire protection standard, the system design standard, the equipment manufacture standard, the installment construction approval standard and the administration laws and regulations and so on five big aspects fire laws and regulations, and in pr

10、actical understanding present country related standard and standard positive word: "must", "be supposed", "to be suitable", "may" and the reverse side word: "strictly prohibits", "should not", "not have", "not to be suitable&

11、quot; the meaning.2nd, must aim at high level civil building function, use and the protection object fire protection rank, earnestly carries out the present national related standard, earnestly treats the public security fire prevention surveillance department the examination and approval opinion.se

12、cond, fire auto-alarm system equipment establishmentfire detector establishmentopens wide either the seal or the stair hall should alone divide the search coverage.room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against the

13、front room which smoke stair hall comes in handy) and the aisle should distinguish alone to divide the search coverage, specially front the room and the lift well, the scattered stair hall and the aisle are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be easier to gather or to flow, is the personnel dispe

14、rses which saves goal with the fire prevention, therefore should install the fire detector. regarding common elevator in front of room is not the personnel disperses , but this front room and the lift well are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be also easy to gather or to flow, suitably alone d

15、ivides the search coverage and installs the fire detector.the electric cable shaft therefore is easy to form pulls out the smoke inflammation the channel; has when the fire the fire intensity not easily extends along the electric cable burns, for this, "the high level civil construction design

16、fire protection standard" and "the civil construction electricity design standard" separately proposes the detailed specific stipulation in the construction and in the electric wire or on the electric cable shaping. but considered implements specifically the difficulty and the present

17、 situation, the electric cable shaft installs the fire detector is extremely essential, and coordinates the shaft the fire protection separation request, each 2 3 or each level installs.the elevator machine room should install the fire detector, its elevator is the important vertical transportation

18、vehicle. when has the fire, the lift well often becomes the fire intensity spread the channel, is easy to threaten the elevator machine room the facility. therefore, the elevator machine room establishes the fire detector is necessary, crown of also suitable establishment fire detector lift well.2nd

19、, the manual fire reports to the police the button establishmentroom (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in view of various floors front room in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when

20、 the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, should report to the police the button first choice spot as the establishment manual fire. in addition, the room also should establish the manual fire to the common elevator in front of to report to the police the button.in t

21、he public active place (including hall, dining room, multi-purpose hall and so on) and the main thoroughfare and so on place, the personnel very is all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. therefore should report to the police the button in these public active places main access establishm

22、ent manual fires; the manual fire establishes which in the main thoroughfare reports to the police the button to guarantee "to a manual fire which most is close to reports to the police the button distance from a fire protection district any position not to be supposed to be bigger than 30 mete

23、rs".3rd, the fire emergency broadcasts the speaker the establishmentthe aisle, the hall, the dining room and so on the public place personnel very are all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. therefore should press in these public places "to a recent speaker distance is not bigge

24、r than 25 meters from a fire protection district any spot" and "in the aisle last should not be bigger than 12.5 meters the speaker to the aisle terminal distance" the establishment fire emergency to broadcast the speaker; next also should establish the fire in the public bathroom pla

25、ce emergency to broadcast the speaker.room (combined before the smoke staircase room, fireman's lifts the front room, fire lift) and smoke staircase and walkways should be a separate division of the detection region, especially the front room and the elevator shaft, evacuation stairways and walk

26、ways cross associated with each other, and sometimes fire smoke is easy to gather and fled, it is the evacuation pathway to achieve fire protection purposes, and should therefore be arranged to fire detectors. as for ordinary elevator room, though not the evacuation channels, this front room and ele

27、vator shafts, cross linking, sometimes easier to gather fire smoke and flows, but also for a separate division of the detection area and install fire detectors.4th, fire alarm installment establishment.the establishment fire emergency broadcast fire auto-alarm system, the author thought also should

28、install the fire alarm installment, but its control procedure should be: the alarm apparatus should confirm after the fire, uses manual or the automatic control mode unification to the fire correlation region transmission warning, stops the alarm apparatus work in the stipulation time, the rapid lin

29、kage fire emergency broadcast and broadcasts to the people disperses the instruction.the fire alarm installment establishment position, the author thought should report to the police the button position with the manual fire to be same, its wall surface installment should for be apart from the ground

30、 1.8 meters highly.5th, fire special use telephone establishmentinstalls the fire special use telephone extension telephone, should be located the engine room which related also some people is on duty frequently with the fire linkage control (including fire water plant, spare electricity generation

31、engine room, matches substation, mainly ventilates with air conditioning engine room, discharges fume engine room, fire prevention elevator machine room and other), the fire fighting control system operates the equipment place or the control room, the fire duty officers observation room, the securit

32、y manages spot and so on public room. in the fire elevator and the ordinary elevator all should suppose the special use telephone, requests the elevator machine room and the elevator sedan theater box, the elevator machine room and the fire control room, the elevator sedan theater box and the fire c

33、ontrol room and so on three compositions is reliable to speaks the correspondence telephone system. usually in fire control room; the establishment elevator monitoring demonstration plate (including position indicator, direction indicating lamp, to speaks correspondence telephone, trouble lamp and s

34、o on), in order to carries on the necessity to the elevator running status which in the surveillance and the emergency case controls.is equipped with the manual fire to report to the police position and so on button, fire hydrant button also should install the fire special use telephone receptacle.t

35、hird, fire linkage control1st, the fire linkage control should include the control fire pump to open, to stop, also should demonstrate opens pumps the button the position and the fire pump work and the malfunction. when the fire hydrant is equipped with the fire hydrant button, its electric installa

36、tion work spot also should demonstrate the fire pump the working mode active status (namely establishment fire pump work indicating lamp).2nd, the fire linkage control should include the control spraying of water and the water atomization fire fighting system opens, stops, also should demonstrate th

37、e fire pump the work and the malfunction and the fluent display, reports to the police the valve, the safety signal valve working mode active status. in addition, to the basin, the water tank water level also should carry on the demonstration monitor; in order to prevent the overhaul signal valve is

38、 shut down, the author thought should use the belt electric signal the control signal valve by to demonstrate it opens the condition.3rd, the fire linkage control other controls and the demonstration function, should carry out the present national related standard and the standard specific stipulati

39、on.fourth, fire auto-alarm system wiringin order to prevent the fire occurs when the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line severance, causes the fire fighting work to be unable to carry on, creates the bigger economic loss; also in order to suppress electromagnetic interference (for

40、example transformer, electric motor, electric cable and so on) the influence which produces to the fire auto-alarm system. the fire auto-alarm system transmission line and the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line should use the being flame-resistant electric cable, and t should also

41、 use the metal pipe or attach metal relay protection. the fire manual positive governing installment line should use the fireproof electric cable, its electric cable also should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal relay protection. uses surface facilities, should takes the fire protection prote

42、ctive measures on the metal tube or the enclosed metal relay protection.fifth, concluding remarkthe author rests on the concrete project to implement the experience, elaborated the design basis, fire auto-alarm design actual problem and so on system equipment establishment, fire linkage control and

43、its wiring pulls out some shallow opinions, its goal is enhances the fire auto-alarm system the design quality, discovered early and the notification fire, prevented and reduces the fire to harm, by protects the person and the property safety.火灾报警系统设计消防工作贯彻预防为主、消防结合的方针，坚持专门机关与群众相结合的原则，实行防火安全责任制。消防工作

44、由国务院领导，由地方各级人民政府负责。各级人民政府应当将消防工作纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，保障消防工作与经济建设和社会发展相适应。国务院公安部门对全国的消防工作实施监督管理，县级以上地方各级人民政府公安机关对本行政区域内的消防工作实施监督管理，并由本级人民政府公安机关消防机构负责实施。任何单位、个人都有维护消防安全、保护消防设施、预防火灾、报告火警的义务。随着我国经济的迅速发展，人民生活水平的不断提高，城市使用逐日焦虑不安，催促建筑所面临的方向不断的发展。这种高水准的民用工程修理需要的材料和方法也更加促进了多元化，并且随着用电负荷和煤气消耗量的日益扩大，对火灾自动报警系统的设计提出了更高更严

45、格的要求。为了保证人们的生命和财产安全，火灾自动报警系统的设计变成了高层民用建筑设计中最重要的设计内容之一。目前建立在作者的有关火灾自动报警系统的设计在高层民用建筑中的监视作用的基础上经验，提议当前国家的相关标准和标准不清楚的细节浅显意见，通过团体讨论，并指出错误。首先, 设计基础火灾自动报警系统的设计是一项专业性非常强的技术性工作，同时还有着非常强的政策性。因此，首先应该清楚以下的设计基础：第一，必须抓住建筑设计防火标准，系统的设计标准，设备的制造标准，安装建设认可标准和行政法律法规等5大方面的火灾法律法规，并且在实践理解过程中提出国家相关标准及标准正面用语：“必须”，“以为”，“应该”，“

46、合适”，“可以”和反面用语：“严格禁止”，“不应该”，“没有”，“不合适”的含义。第二，必须针对高层民用建筑的用途，使用和保护对象的防火等级，认真的执行当前国家相关标准，认真的看待公共安全防火监督部门的考试和认同的意见。其次，火灾自动报警系统的建立火灾探测器的布置敞开或封闭的楼梯间应单独划分为探测区域。房间（包括防烟楼梯间前室，消防电梯前室，消防电梯与防烟楼梯间合用的前室）和走道应分别单独划分探测区域，特别是前室和电梯井，疏散楼梯间和走道交互相联，有时火灾烟雾比较容易聚集和流窜，它是达到防火目的的人员疏散途径，因此应该布置火灾探测器。至于普通电梯前室，它尽管不是人员疏散途径，但这种前室和电梯井

47、交互相联，有时火灾烟雾比较容易聚集和流窜，也适合单独划分探测区域并安装火灾探测器。因此电缆竖井很容易形成烟的扩充渠道；为了当火灾发生时，使火灾强度不易沿着电缆燃烧蔓延，“高层民用建筑设计防火规范”和“民用建筑电气设计规范”分别就建筑及其中的电线和电缆的形式提出了详细的明确的规定。但考虑到实施的具体困难和当前的形势，电缆安装探测器是极端必要的，并且为了协调，竖井的防火隔离要求，每2 3层或每层安装一个火灾探测器。电梯机房应该安装火灾探测器，机房内的电梯是非常重要的垂直运输工具。当有火灾时，电梯井时常会变成火灾强有力的传输渠道，这样就很容易威胁到电梯机房的设施。因此电梯机房布置火灾探测器是非常有必要的，也可以适当的建造布有火灾探测器的电梯井。手动火灾报警按纽的布置房间（包括防烟楼梯间前室，各个楼层的前室，消防电梯机房，消防电梯与防烟楼梯间合用的前室），当火灾发生，人员疏散时，为了达到防火的目的，应该作为建立手动报警按钮首选地点。另外，对于普通电梯前室也应该布置手动报警按钮。在公共活动场所（包括大厅，餐厅，多功能大厅等等）和主要通道等场所，人员非常集中，也是非常重要的人员疏散通