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1、八年级难点解析名词单复数2复合名词4名词所有格:5所属关系6冠词7连词9代词17复合不定代词:too.to, enough32疑问代词不定式35时间介词38since/during43before/ago44beginning/end45in/after/later47时间状语48方位介词49方式介词60On/about66In/with66动词固定搭配67四大花费:76比较级78主谓一致80宾语从句85倒装:91句式:94一就98被动语态:99Day 1名词单复数1. What can I do for you?- I'd like two _A. box of apple B. b
2、oxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple正确答案B析box 和apple都是可数名词举一反三1. a pair of _(scissor)2. a school of _(fish)3. 2 bars of _(chocolate)4. 10 _(loaf) of bread5. a train of _(thought)正确答案1. scissors 2. fish 3. chocola
3、te 4. loaves 5. Thoughts2.Help yourself to _.A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken D. any chicken正确答案C析chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数,当鸡讲时作为可数名词。举一反三1.Will you please put _in the hamburger? A. a fish B. some fish C. some fishes
4、60; D. an fish2. Can I help you, sir? - Id like to have 100 _. I want my students to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pi
5、eces of paper C. pieces of papers3. This class _ the classroom.A. are cleaning B. is cleaning C. be cleaning D. cleaning 4. Could you please tell me something about the two_?
6、0; _. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School. A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at all
7、160; D. Germans; All right5.When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no _ left on&
8、#160;that plane. A. places B. seats C. space D. room正确答案1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B析1. fish的问题:指许多条鱼且不管种类时,用fish,可数名词且单复数相同;fishes 指许多种类的鱼;fish指“鱼肉”时是不可数名词。如:Ther
9、e are many fish/kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多鱼/种类的鱼)/ I prefer fish to meat.(与肉相比我更喜欢鱼) 2. paper是不可数名词,它没有复数形式, 若表示数量,一般用a piece of短语表示,它的复数形式应体现在 piece上。 paper是不可数名词,故排除C;答句意“我想要100张 纸”。1
10、00张纸中,量词piece应用复数形式,故排除A。正确答案是:B。3. 在这里class做的是班里的同学,要作为复数看。类似的还有: The police are running after the thief。等类:这一类包括 cattle(牛),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等,其用法特点为:只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义,用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与 a(n)连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)类:这一类包括family(家庭),team(队),class(班),audience(听众)等,其用法特点为:若视为整体,表示单
11、数意义;若考虑其个体成员,表示复数意义。4. 名词复数与交际用语用法。Frenchman的复数是Frenchmen,German 的复数不是把a换成e,而是直接加s, 即Germans,故B,C错。Yes, please 包含“好吧和感谢”的意思,All right指指“好吧”。5. 关于“国人”的复数:Chinese-Chinese中国人,Japanese-Japanese日本 人 Englishman-Englishmen, 英国男人 Englishwoman-English
12、women英国女人; Frenchman-Frenchmen, 法国男人 Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen法国女人 ;Australian-Australians ,澳大利亚人 Canadian- Canadians , 加拿大人American-Americans 美国人6. space, room意为“空间”时是不可数名词,句中there were 需要与可数名词搭配,先排除C、D;根据关键信息on
13、that plane 和题意“当我匆忙到达飞机场时,窗户旁的那位女士告诉我在那 架飞机上没有座位。”可知A不符合语境,故选B。复合名词1. Which is the way to the _?A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoe's factory D. shoes' factory正确答案A析选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格, 而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如: pencil box; school bag等.举一反三1. There are three _
14、0;in our factory. A. woman doctors B. women doctors C. woman doctor D. women doc
15、tor2. Ten years had passed. I found she had _. A. a little white hair B. some white hair C. a few white hair &
16、#160; D. a few white hairs3. Both of my brothers are now married, so I have two_. A. sister-ins-law B. sisters-in-law C. sister-in-laws D. sister-in-law4. T
17、here were more than there were seats on the plane. A. stand-by B. stands-by C. stands-bys D. stand-bys5.
18、 Have you ever read _ ? A. today newspaper B. newspaper today C. newspaper of today D. today's newspaper正确答案1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D析1. man doctor; woman doctor; man teachers; woman doctor变成复数,前后都要变2. hair 时,指一根一根的毛发或头发,如说 Theres a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发);用作不可数名词时,则是整体地指一个人的头发.比较: He has gray hair
19、s.他有几根白发了.He has gray hair.他满头白发了.3. 以“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的复合名词变复数时,把前面的名词变为复数。Sister-in-lawsisters-in-law;father-in-lawfathers-in-law.4. 以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的复合名词变复数时,在词尾加s。Stand bystand-bys; grown upgrown ups.5. -'s 所有格主要用于有生命的名词,但有时也可用于无生命的名词,这主要见于: 用于表时间的名词后:E.g. tomorrow
20、39;s weather 明天的天气 two days' journey 两天的旅程 todays newspaper今天的报纸 比较:ten minutes' break = a ten-minute break 10分钟的休息名词所有格:1. -Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here? - No, its about .A. 7 minutes walk B.7 minute walk
21、C. 7 minutes walk D. 7 minutes walk答案为C。本题考查名词所有格的用法。当名词的复数以-s结尾时,则只需要加”即可,则7分钟的距离为”7 minutes walk”.举一反三1. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C.
22、0;room numbers D. rooms numbers析 room number 房间号码。 Room可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词。类似的还有my physics teacher, two bus drivers 等。2. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, becau
23、se they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters
24、0;析 由后半句中”they” 以及”mothers” 可知应为玛丽和皮特两个人各自的妈妈,所以各自都应该是所有格形式。3. March 8th is _Day. (woman).析 名词的复数如果不是以-s结尾,所有格形式加”s”;节日为专有名词,所以首字母大写。4.Well have a _ holiday. What about going to the West Lake? A. two days
25、 B. two-day C. two-days D. two-days析 day是可数名词,所以两天的假期可以是”two days holiday”, 无此选项。另一种正确的表达方式为 “two-day holiday”, 此时 “two-day” 直接作”holiday” 的定语。5. _(李明和李蕾的母亲) is a teacher.析 由be动词”is” ,李明和李蕾的母亲应该是一个人,是他们共同的母亲,此时的名词所有格只需要在后半部分加”
26、s”.正确答案 C; D; Womens; B; Li Ming and Li Leis所属关系1. I don't know the homework _ today.A. on B. in C. of D. for答案:D(选择C的同学要注意of表示从属关系,要注意中文的干扰.) D. for 在此表“供应”关系,the homework for today 今天的作业books for children 儿童读物 the food for breakfast 早餐吃的食物the money for the tickets 买票的钱冠词1.Do you know universit
27、y student who is talking with Joe? - Yes, she is my cousin, Kate.A. a B. an C. the D. /剖析虽然一元音字母u开头,但其前若要使用不定冠词时,则要用a. 不过此题中不能使用不定冠词,而是特指和Joe说话的那个大学生,故要选择the.举一反三1. _ sun rises in _ east析The;the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体;第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。2.One afternoon
28、;he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _ handbag Aa;an;the Ba;a;the Can;an;an Dthe;a;a 析A。“s”虽为辅音字母,但却以元音音素e开头,故填an3. _ old lad
29、y with white hair spoke _ English well at _ meeting AAn;an;a BThe;an CThe;a DThe;the析 D。第一个空填the,是特指那个“白发老太太”;第二个空不填冠词,是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language,就得说the English&
30、#160;language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。4. _ Great Wall is _ longest wall in the world AA;a BThe;the CA;the DThe;a 析 B。the Great
31、Wall长城; 后一个空是形容词最高级,前面要加”the”.5. Are _ sheep kept by _ farmers for producing _ wool and _ meat?析 此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗?”前两个空也可填定冠词,意为:“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗?” 正确答案 The, the; A; D; B; the, the, /, /2. will begin on Septem
32、ber 1st. A. At school B. A school C. The school D. School剖析 答案为D。这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程,即开学之意。要注意,有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词拓展:In hospital 住医院 in the hospital 在医院工作或去看望病人at school 上学 at the school 在学校工作或办事at table 吃饭 at desk 学习 at church 作礼拜冠词分为不定冠词"a,an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种,零冠词指的是不用冠词
33、的情况。不定冠词表示泛指,指某种事物中的任何一个,而定冠词表示特指,相当于this或that。1. 加冠词的情况:表示特指的人或事物指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物复述前面提到过的人或事物表示世界上独一无二的事物用在表示方位的名词前面在序数词和形容词最高级的前面常用在乐器名称的前面用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。用在姓氏之前表示一家人same之前一般用the2. 一些不用冠词的情况:专有名词和一些不可数名词时前面通常不用名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用周名,月名或季节名前一般不用复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用三餐饭前不用节、假日前一般不用球类名词前不用城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用举
34、一反三:1. How about taking_short break? I want to make_call. A the; a B a; the C the; the D a; a 2. There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr Zhao's&
35、#160; Aan ;The Bthe;An Ca;The Dthe;The3. We can't see _ sun at _ night Athe;the Bthe; Ca; D;4. _ Grea
36、t Wall is _ longest wall in the world AA;a BThe;the CA;the DThe;a5. The museum is quite farIt will take you half _
37、; hour to get there by _ bus Aan; Ban;a Ca; D;连词1. She didnt come to school _ she was ill.A. because for B. because C. because of D. so正确答案B析表示原因, because后跟句子,because of后跟名词、代词、动名词、
38、what 从句等。举一反三1. He is called Mitch, _ his name is Mitchell. 2. We could see him wasting away _ hisillness.3. I am angry _ what you said.4. Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school. (判断正误)5. Times have changed, _ we need to change with
39、them.正确答案1. because 2. because of 3. because of 4.错。用英语表达“因为,所以”时,用了because就不能再用so,用了so就不能再用because。Because跟原因,so 跟结果。 5. So2. He hasn't heard from his friend _ last month.A. since B. by the end of C. for D. until答案: A (选择B的同学要注意B选项为过去完成时的时间;选择C的同学要注意, for+时间段; 选择D的同学要注意不是notuntil 句型.until+ 句子)3
40、. Don't hurry. The bus won't start _ everybody gets on.A. since B. as C. until D. when答案: C (选择D的同学要注意前面是否定.)not until/until两者皆可接延续性动词和暂短性动词.一、not.until指的是“直到.才”的意思,如 I did not go home until my mother called me. 我直到我妈妈打电话给我才回家. not until的倒装与强调结构 1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:No
41、t until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.如:Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话. Not until next week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会. 2. not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+.上面两句改为强调句为: It was not until the teacher came in that the s
42、tudents stopped talking. It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held. 直到我结婚的时候,我才有钱买了自己的房子.It was not until I got married that I could afford to buy a house of my own. 而until指“直到”.例如: Go alone the street until you see the traffic light. 往前走,直到你看见交通灯. 举一反
43、三1.( )Many students didnt realize the importance of study _ they left school. A. when
44、 B. until C. as D. After【解析】B. not.until 直到.才2.(
45、 ) The teacher did not leave the school _ all the students had gone home. A. while &
46、#160;B. so C. until D. as 【解析】C3.( ) It is
47、60;difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. A. when
48、160;B. after C. since D. Until【解析】D4. ( )The left-behind kids (留守儿童)cant see their parents _ th
49、e parents come back home from work. A. but B. until C. or D. if 【解析】B5. ( )Excuse me. Is it m
50、y turn now? Not yet. Please wait on the chair _ your name is called. A. and B. until C. although &
51、#160; D. Since【解析】B4. I didn't buy the dictionary yesterday _ my aunt would give me one.A. until B. because C. if D. before答案: B (选择A的同学要注意语境)5.I'm going to look for another job _ the company offers me more money.A. after B. unless C. when D. for答案: B ( 选择其它三项的同学要注意语境
52、, 这里是指除非公司给我更多工资,否则我就要找其它工作.)after和unless区别I won't tell them anything ( ) you allow me to do it.unless在意义上相当于ifnot,因此在有些场合ifnot可为unless所代替。但在有些场合又不能互换,我们要注意下面几种情况:1.当ifnot引导非真实条件分句时,一般不可改用unless。 例如:If she had not had an alarm clock,she would have missedthe train.(事实:她有闹钟。)如果把上述例句中的ifnot换成unless
53、,意义就相反了。(误)Unless she had had an alarm clock, she would havemissed the train.(事实:她没有闹钟)2.Ifnot引导的条件分句可以重叠使用,unless则不可, 因为unless表示唯一条件。例如:She won't lose weight if she doesn't keep a diet and ifshe does not take exercise every day.3.unless引导的分句可用否定结构,而ifnot 引导的分句不可再否定。例如:Don't ask me to ex
54、plain unless you really don't understand.The directors have a meeting every Friday,unless there is nothing to discuss.以上两例句中的unless不可换成ifnot。4.在unless引导的肯定形式的条件分句中, 通常用肯定词(即some,already,still,too,as well等),在ifnot引导的分句中,通常用非肯定词(即any,yet,ever,either,at all等)。例如:I will criticize you if you haven
55、9;t spoken to her yet.I will criticize you unless you have already spoken to her.(误)unless you have spoken to her yet.不过在否定形式的非真实条件分句中,ifnot 结构仍能与肯定词连用。例如:If he hadn't already prepared his lesson, he wouldn't beallowed to go.(因为这种从句表面上是否定,实际上是肯定。)5.在间接引语中,当if=whether,意为“是否”,unless 不可以代替ifnot
56、。例如:She promised to let me know if she wasn't coming.6.当unless含有“除了”的意思,不可为ifnot所替代。例如:He never stammers,unless when he is angry.( unless when=except when)Nothing will come out of it, unless disaster.(unless=except)7.当主句是疑问句时,不可用unless代替ifnot。 因为unless用在A情况发生,必导致B结果之类的复合句中。例如:What shall we do it
57、 they don't reply to our letters?8.当主句谓语是be某些形容词或分词,如:glad,surprised,disappointed,satisfied,ashamed,delighted和pleased等, 不可用unless代替ifnot。例如:I'll be really surprised if they don't come to the meeting.I'll be quite glad if she doesn't join them.之所以不能为unless代替,是强调否定条件的出现,表明在这种前题下的因果
58、关系。以上条件状语从句都可变为原因状语从句。例如:I'll be really surprised that they won't come to the meeting.这里if被that代替了,而从句的否定结构不变。综上所述,unless既等于ifnot,在某些场合又不相等, 因此要牢记它们之间的差别,准确地使用它们。举一反三1. Your dream wont come true _you know what your dream is.A. after
59、0; B. unless C. while D. since 【解析】B.考点分析:unless “除非”, 除非你知道自己的梦想是什么,否则你的梦想将不会实现。2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listenerscuriosity (好奇心) _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. afte
60、r D. Until【解析】D。不少同学可能会误选unless,引导条件状语从句,但根据语境可知,该空表示“直到”,强调时间的延续,应用until引导时间状语从旬。3. In summer , food goes bad easily _ it is put in the refrigerator. A. until B. if&
61、#160; C. unless D.since【解析】C。Unless 除非4. Would you like to go bike riding with us tomorrow? -Sure, _ I am busy. A. since
62、0; B. unless C. when D. Until【解析】B。考查unless引导的条件状语从句。由关键词Sure可推断我会和你们一起自行车旅行的,除非我很忙,故排除A、C、D三项,选B。5.Youll miss the train _ you hurry up.A.
63、 unless B. as C. if not D. until【解析】此题应选 A。容易选C。其实C只是词序不对,若改为.if you dont hurry up 也是对的。在许多情况下,连词until与if.not同义,且可换用(表示一种否定的条件)。6._ the maths problem is difficult, I'll try very hard to work it out.A. Though B. When C. Before D. After答案:A(选择B的同学要注意语境.不能说当题目难的时候,我将努力.而是说尽管题目难,但我将努力解决.)举一反三:1I
64、0;cant understand this sentence_there are no new words in it. A.if B.because C.though D.as考查知识点:连词though疑难点:不知道though是什么意思解析:此句意为“我不明白这句话_没
65、有一个新单词在里面”。由句意可知,此为让步状语句。though意为“尽管”,可用来引导让步状语从句,符合。答案:C2.Youll be late_you dont get up early tomorrow morning. A.if B.when C.before
66、0; D.until考查知识点:连词if引导的条件状语从句疑难点:if引导的条件状语从句,主句与从句的时态问题解析:根据语境,可知if适合,故选A答案:A3._you go across the road, you must be careful.A.Since B.After C.When
67、60;D.Before考查知识点:由连词when引导的时间状语从句疑难点:理解语境解析:由语境可知:当你过马路时,你必须要小心,C符合答案:C4.During the earthquake, many buildings fell down._the people there there didnt give up hope.A.And B.So
68、160; C.Or D.But考查知识点:连词but的用法疑难点:连词but表转折关系解析:根据意境,可判断前后句为转折关系,故but适合答案:D5.Help others whenever you can _youll make the world a nicer place to live.A.and
69、 B.or C.unless D.but考查知识点:连词and疑难点:and为联和连词,用以连接句中的并列成分解析:根据意境,可知前后两句为并列关系,故用and答案:A7.Because he was ill yesterday,so he didn't go to work. (×)Because he was ill yesterday,he didn't go to work.
70、()He was ill yesterday,so he didn't go to work. ()析 用though/although,but表示"虽然,但是 "或用because,so 表示"因为,所以"时,though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用,不能两者同时使用。同时,although比though语气更重,常用于句首更正式;though可以作为副词用逗号隔开,放在句尾。举一反三:(1)翻译:尽管我很累,我依旧喜欢英语。A.Although Im tired, I still love English. B.Im ti
71、red ,but I still love English.解析:although,but和though,but不可同时出现。(2) 选择:( )_it rained heavily,_ the farmers still went on working.A. Although;but B.Though; but C. Although;/ D. although;but 正确答案:C解析:Although和but不能同时用,同时although比though更正式。(3)填空:那工作辛苦,不过,我感到愉快。The work was hard. I enjoyed it, _.正确答案:tho
72、ugh解析:though可以用逗号隔开,放在句尾,表示“然而,不过”,做副词使用。(4)( )There are no buses,_youll have to walk. A. so B.or C.but D.for 正确答案: A解析: 句意为因为没有公车了,所以你得步行。Because和so不能同时用,所以这题选so。(5)He looks honest,_ hes a rogue(无赖)。正确答案: but解析: althoughbut不能同时用。Day 2代词1. Some people like to stay at home, but _ like to go to the ci
73、nema.A. another B. other C. others D. other one答案:C2.Is this your shoe? Yes, but where is _?A. the other one B. other one C. another one D. the others答案: A (选择C的同学要注意鞋是两只, another指的是三者或者三者以上)3.Robert has gone to _ city and he'll be back in a week.A. other B. the other C. another D. any other答案:C
74、(选择其它三项的同学要注意,这里没有说只有两座城市,因此不能用.)4. - What do your parents do?- One is a teacher; _ is a driver.A. other B. another C. the other D. that one答案: C (选择其它三个选项的同学要注意, one is , the other is 的用法)析1. Other 可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。如: Do you have any other
75、60;question(s)? 2. The other 指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the other。如: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 3. Others 是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 4. Another 既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,
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