高中英语选修模块7unit19Lesson1Grammar语法课件

1、noun clauses it was predicted as early as the 1700s that english would one day be the global language. , the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an english-speaking country are small. what this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in english experts

2、say that just 15 minutes of extra-curricula study a day can really accelerate foreign language learning.the first one is a subject clause. (主语从句主语从句)the second one is an appositive clause. (同位语从句同位语从句)the third one is a predicative clause. (表语从句表语从句)the fourth one is an object clause. (宾语从句宾语从句)名词性从

3、句包括名词性从句包括: 主语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句表语从句、同位语从句, 多由连词多由连词that, wh-疑问词或由疑问词或由whatever等关系代词引等关系代词引导导, 其中同位语从句最常见。其中同位语从句最常见。主语从句在句子中充当主语主语从句在句子中充当主语, 句子的谓句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。语动词用第三人称单数。why he refused to work with you is still a mystery.whoever comes is welcome.that he is still alive is surprising. who

4、 will win the match is still unknown.主语从句主语从句what he wants to tell us is not clear.where the party will be held has not yet been announced.whoever breaks the rules will be punished.that he became a lawyer may have been due to his mothers influence.it is not true that he has moved to new york. 主语从句前的

5、主语从句前的that不能省略不能省略, 仅起连接仅起连接作用作用, 有时为了保持句子平衡有时为了保持句子平衡, that从句从句后置后置, 而由而由it作形式主语。作形式主语。其他类似句型还有：其他类似句型还有：it + be +important/ necessary/ obvious + that从句从句it + be +reported/believed/thought/has been decided + that从句从句it + be +a pity/a shame/a fact/a surprise/ common knowledge+ that从句从句it +happens/oc

6、curs/seems/appears + that 从句从句 宾语从句在句子中充当宾语宾语从句在句子中充当宾语, 从从句用陈述句语序句用陈述句语序, 一般放在及物动词一般放在及物动词或介词之后。或介词之后。e.g. i dont know where the sound came from. dont be satisfied with what you have achieved.宾语从句宾语从句he has told me (that) he will go to shanghai tomorrow. he told me (that) he was ill and that he cou

7、ldnt come. command, order, suggest, advise, insist, desire, demand, beg, require, request等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的话话, 从句谓语部分必须用从句谓语部分必须用should do。 e.g. i insist that she (should) do her work alone. the commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. it +从句从句介词介词+ it +从句从句it +adj. +从句从句it

8、+ 介词短语介词短语 +从句从句it+ n.+从句从句it +过去分词过去分词+从句从句it 形式宾语形式宾语主语主语+谓语谓语e.g. i hate it when people speak with their mouths full. ill see to (保证保证) it that everything is ready in time. he made it clear that he would leave office soon. we must bear it in mind that we are chinese.we thought it a pity that he f

9、ailed again.i heard it said that he had gone home. 当从句放在系动词当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后即构成表语从句。等后即构成表语从句。 其基本结构为其基本结构为: 主语主语 + 系动词系动词 + that从句。从句。e.g. the trouble is that i have lost his address. it seemed that the night would never end. 表语从句表语从句the fact is that we have lost the game.thats just

10、what i want.this is where our problem lies. that is why he didnt come to the meeting. it looks as if it is going to rain. 同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释心词作进一步解释, 能接同位语从句的能接同位语从句的常见名词有常见名词有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory

11、, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding等。等。e.g. the news that we won the game is exciting. i have no idea when he will come back home. word came to him that mary had probably fallen ill. they are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.the fact that we talked about i

12、s very important. (定语从句定语从句)the fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. (同位语从句同位语从句) whether与与if在名词性从句中的用法区别在名词性从句中的用法区别 if 一般只用于引导宾语从句，而一般只用于引导宾语从句，而whether可可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。 连词连词whether引导主语从句、表语从句引导主语从句、表语从句时不能用时不能用if来替换。来替换。e.g. whether he will attend the

13、 meeting is uncertain. the question is whether he will come.宾语从句中宾语从句中, whether常与常与or not搭配搭配, 可可以说以说whether or not, 而不说而不说if or not。e.g. i dont care whether or not she will attend the meeting.whether可用在介词后可用在介词后, 或带或带to不定式前不定式前, if则不可。则不可。 e.g. she doesnt know whether to get married now or wait. i

14、havent settled the question of whether ill go back home.某些动词后面某些动词后面 (如如discuss) 只能用只能用whether, 不用不用if。e.g. we discussed whether we should go on climbing. rewrite the following sentences using noun clauses.1. people can make videos with their mobile phones by 2015. it is amazing that people can make

15、 videos with their mobile phones by 2015.2. most human beings will live until they are 200 by the 25th century. it is predicted that most human beings will live until they are 200 by the 25th century.3. personal computers will disappear by 2020. the idea that personal computers will disappear by 202

16、0 sounds unbelievable to many people.4. satellites will be destroyed by the sun in the next five years. nobody can prove that satellites will be destroyed by the sun in the next five years.5. aliens from four different planets will arrive on earth in the next 20 years. it is totally nonsense that al

17、iens from four different planets will arrive on earth in the next 20 years.6. we wont use money to buy food in the future. many people believe that we wont use money to buy food in the future.1. it now appears _ they are in need of help. a. that b. which c. what d. how2. it is good news _ they will

18、arrive in a few days. a. which b. what c. that d. howexercises3. it _ joe drives badly. a. thought that b. thinks that c. is thought that d. is thought that4. my advice is that he _ regular house. a. keep b. would keep c. keeps d. kept5. _ knows the truth will tell you about it. a. who that b. whoev

19、er c. whom that d. that who6. this is _ she was born. a. where b. which c. that d. what7. the question is _ we cant go there today. a. that b. what c. which d. when8. the question is _ it is worth doing. a. if b. whether c. which d. what9. the reason is _ he has never wasted his time. a. because b.

20、why c. that d. what10. his proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. a. build b. will build c. be built d. will be built1. we should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely. (10福建福建) a. that b. which c. what d. whether 答案：答案：c 考点：宾语从句考

21、点：宾语从句 解析：空格在句中充当宾语解析：空格在句中充当宾语2. cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. no one in the office knew _ she was so angry. (2010湖南湖南) a. where b. whether c. that d. why答案：答案： d 考点：考查名词性从句考点：考查名词性从句 解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判可判断选断选d项。项。3. as a new student, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here. (10天津天津) a. how b. what c. when d. which答案：答案：b 考点：考查名词性从句考点：考查名词性从句 解析：空格后的从句中解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其是动词，其后