句子的成分的秘密

1、句子的秘密一、语法：准确性1）We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。保护环境很重要。Protecting the environment is important.词性变化体现英语精确性！2）我跟李华吃饭。I am having dinner with LiHua.I had dinner with LiHua.I will have dinner with LiHua.I will be having dinner with LiHua.I have dinner with LiHua.时态变化体现英语精确性！3）小明被打了。Xiaoming

2、was beaten. 小明受伤了。Xiaoming was hurt. 钢琴坏了。The piano was broken.主被动变化体现英语精确性！不关啥变化，都体现英语精确性！ 英语是精确的： Welcome to the New York City Lost and Found Office. People often lose things when theyre travelling or when theyre in a hurry. They leave things on planes, on trains, on busses and in taxis. Thats why

3、 there are lost and found offices at airports and stations.二、同位语从句：用来解释抽象名词的内容！I know the story that MH370 disappeared.I know the fact that everyone is worried about the plane.We are discussing the question where exactly the plane is.Eg：I lost a lot of money.I lost heavily. The job has been finished

4、. 助动词：帮助谓语动词表达精确含义（时态、被动、虚拟） You should close the window. 你 应该 关 门 。 情态动词：表示人对某种行为的情绪或态度（能/可能/应该/必须） You should have closed the window. 你 本应该 关 门。 LiHui is a teacher.LiHui is handsome.LiHui is in Beijing. 系动词：“事物”和 “属性”联系起来The leaves turn yellow.You look tired.系动词不一定是be，be也不一定是系动词。思考：如何判断一个词是不是系动词?用

5、be代替仍说得通！三、构成句子的基本词类：1.形容词：修饰名词。Young simple native Too young, too simple, sometimes nave.“图样图森破”2.副词：用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。可以修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。Eg：Im so cool.I sit still.3. 介词：作用：接名词。Eg：He looked at me seriously. Sakuragi is good at sports.Welcome to this short tour of London. This square is Trafalgar Squ

6、are and it is the middle of London. We are standing opposite the National Gallery, a famous museum with lots of famous paintings. From here, well walk along the red street to Buckingham Palace. The queen lives there.4.冠词：a/an/the Eg：She raised a black and a white cat.She raised a black and white cat

7、.“一” “那”练习：（2007浙江）I like _ color of your skirt. It is _ good match for your blouse.（2007北京）I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week.（2011新课标）It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man. （2007山东）_ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lun

8、ch.（2010北京）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.（2009四川）In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language.（2010山东）If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view.（2009安徽）We can never expect _

9、 bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world.（2008江西）I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.It is not your fault. With _rush-hour traffic and _ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.5.连词：用来连接词与词、句与句。Eg：Ladies and gentlemen, Im a bit ugly but I am gentle.一个句子=一部电影十大词类=十种演员句子成分=电影中的角

10、色四、一个句子中的基本成分1. 主语：句子的主角。Eg：1）朝辞白帝彩云间。2）千里江陵一日还。3）两岸猿声啼不住。4）轻舟已过万重山。 Tom is an expert driver. Tom drives fast. Xiaoming is hardworking. The story made him a good boy. I get up early in the morning. You look good today. You should never do it again. There are some beautiful flowers in the park. Here

11、comes the car. Never will I do it again. Only in this way shall we have a better future. It drives me mad to teach such a naughty boy. It still puzzles everyone where the plane has gone.2. 谓语：用来描述主语的动作、状态、属性。英语语法中，谓语一定要由动词构成！【类型一】由实义动词构成。 LiHui teaches English.【类型二】由系表结构构成。 LiHui is a studyaholic.何为

12、表语？放在系动词之后，主语的“表现”3.宾语：主语动作的对象Eg：He has gas. (fart)思考：一个句子什么时候才会有宾语？4. 定语：修饰或限定名词。Eg：Lybia is a beautiful country.Leonardo is an American movie star.思考：什么词可以作定语？1、形容词；2、名词3、介词短语；4、定语从句；5、非谓语动词；5. 状语：在句子中表明时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等状态的成分（把句子“壮大”）。Eg：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.Einstein went t

13、o America because Hitler persecuted the Jews. He speaks English well.备注：英语中一共只有两种修饰成分，修饰名词的叫“定语”，修饰其它成分的统统都叫“状语”。6. 补语：补充说明主语/宾语的性质， 以使句子含义完整。7. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的性质，以使句子含义完整。（用来表明句子中动作发生的结果）Eg：I found the explanation wrong.You often call me “Xiaohuihui”.8. 主语补足语*： 表明动作发生时主语的状态。Eg：He died young.The bottl

14、e was found empty.五、五种最基本的句子类型1、主语+谓语.He drives fast.2、主语+谓语+宾语.I love grammar.3、主语+系动词+表语.Blind dating is popular.4、主语+谓语+宾语+补语.You are driving me crazy.Grammar makes me mad.Please leave the door open.5、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Talking to her brings me a lot of fun.Give me all of your money!六、最后的练习1.改错：He is

15、 comes from Beijing.She very beautiful.He is success.Does she pretty?What he said is truly.Your little daughter is so lovely.Play football is my favorite.2. 画出句子成分：My brother teaches in university.Most students in my class like playing chess.Old habits die hard.I found grammar interesting.Happy families seldom differ.Last night, Mr. Clinton apologiz