分词作宾语补足语

1、分词分词作宾语补足语。1现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。在5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2听（listen to, hear）；1感觉（fell）。，此外find, catch, keep, have.I heard a girl crying next door.I heard someone knocking at the door.He kept me waiting for a long time.I saw Tom entering the room.I found my key los

2、t.I found the boy beaten black and blue.He made himself understood.John will get his room painted.Exercises1:1) I heard my name _ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) .3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake.4) Youd better have/get your hair _ ( cut).5) I had my left arm_(break)

3、 yesterday.ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well _.A. take care of B. taken care of C. taken careD. taking care of142. Why do you stand and watch the milk _. A. boilingB. boiledC. from boilingD. having been boiled143. Ive heard him _ about you often. A. spoke B. speakingC. speakD. to s

4、peak144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken145. Walking along the river, we heard someone _ for help.A. shoutingB. shoutC. shoutedD. having shouted146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart _.A. jumpingB. be

5、atingC. bumpingD. knocking147. -“Do you smell anything unusual?” -“Yes. I can smell something _.”A. burningB. is burningC. having burntD. burn148. Why do you have the water _ all the time?A. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth _.A

6、. fillingB. having been filled C. filledD. full150. I cant _ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. letC. haveD. allow151. Is there anything you want from town? Im going to get _.A. those letters mailedB. mailed letters C. to mailed those letters D. those letters mail152. The teacher got

7、 the students _ all the words they didnt know.A. looked upB. looking inC. to look upD. look at153. What did the school master want _ to the noisy children?A. doingB. to doC. doneD. did154. They wanted the work _with great care. A. to have done B. to be doneC. doingD. to do155. I need this chapter _

8、before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewrittenC. rewrite D. to write again156. Having read the Emperors New Clothes, we all found it _.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something _.A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen158. My

9、hometown is found _.A. complete changing B. having completely changed C. completely change D.completely changed159. We found many people _ in the meeting room.A. seatB. seatingC. to seatD. seated160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _.A. being heardB. heardC. hearingD.

10、 hear161. Because of my poor English Im afraid I cant make myself _.A. understandB. be understoodC. understoodD. understanding162. Dont let him _ you _ for a long time.A. to make, waitB. make, to waitC. make, waitD. to make, to wait163. He kept me _ for many hours. A. to waitB. having been waited C.

11、 waitingD. waited164. Mother caught the boy _in the corner. A. smokeB. to smokeC. smokingD. being smoked165. John left his coat _ on the sofa. A. laying B. lyingC. laidD. lain答案：141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC151-155 ACCBB 156-160 CDDDB161-165 CCCCB分词做状语主动 被动1) 一般式 writing being written 2) 完成式 having wr

12、itten having been written1. Feeling tired, Tom went to bed early.2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem.5. Having been told many times, she still cant remember it.6.

13、Given more time, I can do it better现在分词或分词短语做状语时,也可以表示时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等.其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,有时withwithout +名词或代词宾格+分词也可以表示伴随状况如:While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式)He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information

14、.(伴随)分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后， 要用having done。如:Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio.Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking .注意:如果是否定句,not 一般放在句首,如:Not having received his reply, he decided to write again.分词做状语时有时可在其前面加上while、when 、if 、even if 、althou

15、gh 、once、 unless等连词,使用何种分词仍然取决于与主语的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词.如:While staying in Beijing , I visited some of my friends .Unless invited, I will not attend his party.Although working very hard, he couldnt satisfy his boss. 分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，一般来说,句子的主语应是分词的逻辑主语,不然,就会出现不一致的情况但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构

16、称为独立主格结构。如误: Hearing the news, tears came to her eyes. 正: Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 正: When she heard the news, tears came to her eyesHer grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.例如：_ her mother had come, her face lit up.A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearin

17、g D. When she heard 答案当句子主语不能充当分词的逻辑主语时，应用独立主格结构或状语从句 不过,英语中也有一些分词,其逻辑主语不是句子的主语,它们已变成固定词组,表示说话人对所说的话的一种态度。如:Strictly speaking, his answer is wrong.Judging from / by his accent, he is from America.Time permitting , I will pay a visit to my English teacher. Supposing (=Suppose) it rains tomorrow, what

18、 shall we do?Considering the absence of the chairman, we decided to delay the meeting.Talking of Jim, have you heard that hes getting married?Exercises1. If you turn to the left, you will find the hotel._, you fill find the hotel. 2. Because the report was written in a hurry, it has a lot of mistake

19、s._, the report has a lot of mistakes. 3. After she had washed the dishes, she put them in the dish dryer._, she put them in the dish dryer. 4. As he didnt know where to go, he stayed home. _, he stayed home. 5. I was frightened by the loud noise. I went to see what was happening. _, I went to see w

20、hat was happening.Fill in the blanksEg. Followed by the teacher ,the students entered the classroom. Following the teacher ,the students entered the classroom.1._ (see) from the mountain ,I can see my hometown.2._ (see) from the mountain ,my hometown looks very beautiful.3._ (look) at the questions

21、in the test paper, I found them totally strange to me.4._(know) her address, I am not able to contact her.5._ (see) the film twice, I didnt want to go to the cinema.6._ (follow) by her students, the English teacher came into the classroom.7._(tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.1.过去

22、分词作原因状语 Greatly inspired by the teachers words,I have made up my mind to work to English even harder。 在老师的鼓励下，我决心更加努力地学习英语。 Greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 他们看了那部电影深受感动，都哭了。 Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身边围着一群年轻人，老人感到很高兴。2.过去分词作状语，表示伴随情况或方式。 The trainer a

23、ppeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。 He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 他在屋子时走来走去，陷入了沉思。 Filled with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力气站了起来。 3.过去分词做条件状语Given much time, we could do it better. 多给点时间的话，我们会做得更好。4.过去分词做时间状语When heated, ice can be changed

24、into water. 冰加热时变成水。 过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作,本身有被动的含义,所以只有一般式,没有完成式.值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有： lost （迷路）； seated （坐）； hidden （躲）； stationed （驻扎）； lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）； born （出身于）； dressed in （穿着）； tired of （厌烦）。 Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考

25、之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它分词做定语1 ) The house built last year is very large.2) The Olympic Games, first played (比赛)in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. (NMET 1997)3) The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreig

26、n language came out in the 16th century. (NMET 99)4) The key to solving the problem is too meet the demand made by the customers. Exercises:1) I heard my name _ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself _(hear) .3) We found the eggs_( eat) by the snake.4) Youd better have/get your hair _ ( cu

27、t).5) I had my left arm_(break) yesterday.(79)1. Im going to have my radio _.A. fixed B. to fix C. fix D. fixing(80)2. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air_against your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move(83)3. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spo

28、ken C. be spoken D. to speak(84)4. _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by(85)5. This sentence needs_ A. an improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved(85)6. Theres a hole in your bag. l know. I am going to have it_.A

29、. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended(86)7. He had his leg_ in the match yesterday.A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking(87)8. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting(89)41. Good morning. Can I help you? Id like to have

30、this package_, madam.A. be weighed B. to be weighedC. to weigh D. weighed(90)9. Most of the artists_ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited(90)44. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having giv

31、en(91)10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied(93)11. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened(94)12. The first textbooks_ for teaching

32、 English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written(96)13. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose(97)14. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., did not include women playe

33、rs until 1912.A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing98)15. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay(2001)16. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suf

34、fering C. To suffer D. Suffered2002上海)17. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known(2002上海)18. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D

35、. After being exposed(2002春招)19. Prices of daily goods_ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying(2002上海春招)20. When_, the museum will he open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed(2002广东)21.

36、 The research is so designed that once_ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun(2003全国)22. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given(2003上海)23. Generally speaking, _ according to directions, the drug has no

37、side-effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken(2003上海)24. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_ road conditions need_. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving2003上海春招)25. Unless_ to speak, you

38、 should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited(2003上海春招)26. Friendship is like money: easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept27. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （04上

39、海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt28. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海） A. recorded B. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded29. When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04全国II） A introducingB introdu

40、cedC introduceD being introduced30. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at the meeting by my boss. （04全国IV） A questioningB have questionedC questionedD to be questioned31. Im going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _ ? （04上海春季） A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying

41、 D. bought32. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane was making a landing.（04上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating33. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. (05北京卷) A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid动名词动名词有两种时

42、态和语态1.一般式(doing)：表示动名词中的动作与谓语动作同时或之后发生，或者没明确时间先后。典例：This public advert encourages people to participate in protecting animals. (主动)这个公益广告鼓励人们参与保护动物。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. (被动)我们必须阻止空气被污染。2.完成式(having done)：表示动名词动作发生在谓语动作之前。典例：I remember having read “Gone with the Wind” befo

43、re. (主动)我记得以前读过乱世佳人这本书。I remember having been taken to Beijing before. (被动)我记得以前我被带到北京(去玩)过。(二)动名词的否定结构，not doing，not前还可再加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。典例：He will be punished for not obeying the order.他将由于不服从命令而受罚。His not coming to school today made his teacher very angry.今天他没来上学，这使得老师非常生气。(三)动名词的复合结构：在动名词前加上形容词性物

44、主代词或名词所有格，这种结构作宾语时，可用代词宾格代替形容词性物主代词，名词所有格可变成普通格(即省去s) Can you imagine man living on the moon? 你能想象到人类在月球生活的情景吗？(四)动名词的功能1.作主语动名词作主语，谓语单数记心里。动名词结构杂且长，常用it来担当。典例：Using celebrities in advert can make new products sold well. 在广告中使用名人可以使新产品销售良好。Improving the peoples living standards is the governments ce

45、ntral duty. 提高人民生活是政府的中心任务。Its no use crying over spilt milk. 后悔没有用的。特别注意：no use, no good作补语时，后边也用动名词。2.作宾语 巧记：下列各动词作宾语：情况都考虑，还是无兴趣；抵不住诱惑，忍不住、冒险、尝试、去逃避；却遭到禁止、许可和推迟，否定、介意提建议；最后头脑清醒时，承认任务没完成，做了一件大傻事。妙解：上述叙述中含有下列动词，可接动名词作宾语：consider, dislike, feel like, enjoy, appreciate, escape, avoid, resist(抵抗), can

46、t help(禁不住), cant stand(忍不住), cant bear(忍不住), risk, forbid, allow, permit, delay(耽搁), deny(否认), mind, suggest, admit(承认)。典例：I much appreciate your giving me the chance. 我非常感激你给我这次机会。He admitted having broken the window. 他承认他打烂了玻璃窗。The thief escaped being caught by the police.小偷逃脱了警察的抓捕。3.作表语巧记：动名作表特

47、点，主语表语可互换。妙解：动名词作表语时，主语常是无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句，主语常可以与表语对换位置，但在进行时态中的现在分词不能与主语对换位置。典例：Any commercial purpose is creating wealth. 商业的目的就是创造财富。What he likes most is playing computer games. 他最喜欢的事情是打电脑游戏。Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。Their pastime is going to movies. 他们的消遣是看电影。Her favourite sport is skii

48、ng.她最喜欢的运动是滑雪。One of her duties is keeping the department files.她的任务之一是管理部门的档案。Seeing is believing. （谚）眼见为实。4.作定语 巧记：动名词可作定，表示用途和作用。 妙解：动名词作定语表示用途，而现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行或性质特征。 典例：Lets do a guessing game. 咱们做一个猜字游戏吧。 I like swimming in that swimming pool. 我喜欢在那个游泳池里游泳。5.使用动名词的短语或句型 (1)介词to短语后 典例：be used to

49、(习惯于)，look forward to (盼望)，pay attention to(注意)，devoteto(献身于)，be devoted to(致力于)，get down to(着手)，turn to(开始)，prefer doing A to doing B , lead to(导致，引起) , admit to(承认，常用于被动)，in addition to(除之外还)，see to(注意做到，处理)。agree to(同意做法、观点等)，stick to(坚持)，similar to(与相似)，be accustomed to (习惯于)，object to(反对)，refer

50、 to(参考)，come near to(几乎要),get close to(接近，几乎要)。(2)其它短语或介词后典例：give up (放弃)，put off (推迟)，insist on (坚持)，persist in(坚持，多表示固执)，depend on（依靠），rely on（依靠），think about（考虑），care about（关心），set about（着手），go about(着手），take up（从事，开始干），feel like（想要做），be worth（值得），be worthy of (值得)，thank you for, be gratefu（感激）to

51、 sb for , be thankful to sb for, apologize to sb for（因而向某人道歉），make an apology to sb for, criticize sb for（批评），blame sb for(责备)，scold sb for（责备），punish sb for（惩罚），praise sb for（表扬），excuse sb for(原谅)，be busy , keep busy ,、spend money / time (in) , waste money / time (in), have trouble / problem / diff

52、iculty( in ), have fun in (玩得开心)。(3)六种句型No加动名表不行No Spitting here.禁止吐痰。No parking here. 禁止停车。There is no 动名表示不可能Theres no knowing where they have gone .无法知道他们去哪里了。Theres no stopping of him. 谁也无法阻止他。Its no good / use加动名，表示做事情没有好处、没有用。 Its no use crying over split milk. 为已发生而无法补救的事而懊悔是没用的。Its a waste o

53、f time / money 加动名，表示已经浪费记心中。Its a waste of money buying those books too much for you.买了那些你看不懂的书简直是浪费金钱。go加动名室外行My mother often goes shopping on Sunday. 我妈妈常常周日去购物。do加动名室内行We often do some cleaning on Sunday. 我们常常在周日大扫除。下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记已