虚拟语气课件-王倩雅

1、Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive moodGrammar1.英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和祈使语气和虚拟语气虚拟语气。2.2. 定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表

2、示说的话不是事实不是事实，或者是或者是不可能发生不可能发生或可能性比较小可能性比较小的的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义一、虚拟语气定义 一、非真实条件句（一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气等）中的虚拟语气1.时态一致时态一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句错综时间的虚拟句 3.倒装句倒装句4.含蓄条件句含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹感叹二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：宾语从句宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式三、几种特殊的虚拟

3、语气句式wish、as if/though、would rather、Its time Its necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从从句句Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句虚拟条件句） (真实条件句真实条件句）If I won the game, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）

4、与现在事实相反）If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。假如他来了假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看见我假如他看见我, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句

5、条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在 将来将来一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight将来将来did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight1.If I were you, I _ buy the house right now.

6、 A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D.

7、are not able BCA二二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三条建议：三条建议：advise, suggest, propose四项要求：四项要求：demand , require, request, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词原

8、动词原形，或者将形，或者将shouldshould省略。省略。1.1.我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We suggested that Tom2.He insisted that I present.4.They requested that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners should have a rest.(should) beShould be killed

9、the next day.should send themto work there.三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish + 宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (现在现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)I wish I _a b

10、ird.wereI wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten2）would rather that -现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来： I would rather you _(pay) me now. (现在现在) I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时pai

11、d me had gonecame3） as if /though + 从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时 They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring.4).Its （high） time +that -should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .I

12、ts time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go5）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the

13、train!6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 从句中的动词要从句中的动词要用虚拟，即用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.四四.错综时间的虚拟句错综时间的虚拟句 通常情况下通常情况下,在非

14、真实条件句中主句和从句的在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指但有时也可能指不同的时间不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式同的谓语动词形式.1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在从句指现在, 主句指过去主句指过去)。2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去从句指过去,主句指现在主句指现在)。五五.

15、without, but for，or和和otherwise 构构成含蓄成含蓄虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句。 but for要要不是，不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）否则（含蓄条件句） 1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life on our planet. 2.）But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. 3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词副词) 4.）He teleph

16、oned to inform me of your birthday , or I would have known nothing about it .(连词连词) 1 .The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rainedB精选习题精选习题 2. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C

17、. If Bob had walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherC精选习题精选习题3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenC.4 - Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt5

18、. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBDflash6.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 7.The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could8. My father d

19、id not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go9. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill . A be B was C should be D is10.He insists he _right. A. were B. was C. be D. is11.If you had told me in advance, I _ him at the airport. A. would meet

20、 B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet 12._I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were13.if it_ tomorrow, I wouldnt attend the party. A. rain B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain 14.Had you listened to the doctor，you _ all right. A. are B. were C.

21、 would be D. would have been15. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would be C can be D must be 16. But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B would have arrived C arrive D arrived 17.Its high time they_ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend 18.If only I _ driving before. A. had learned B. learned C. learn D. would learn 19 . I wish I _a bird A is B were C will be D are20. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 21. If he my advice, he wou