chapter内分泌系统PPT课件

1、Sample of endocrine test results第1页/共23页What are they?第2页/共23页Pituitary gland/hypophysisAdenohypophysis腺垂体前叶neurohypophysis垂体神经部,神经(性)垂体(垂体后叶)第3页/共23页Hormones secreted by hypophysis GH/somatotropin生长激素 Prolactin/lactogenic hormone催乳素 Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone促甲状腺激素 ACTH(=adrenocorticot

2、ropic hormone) /adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin促肾上腺皮质激素第4页/共23页Hormones secreted by hypophysis Gonadotropic hormones促性腺激素 FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone促卵泡激素 ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone促间质细胞激素,促黄体激素 MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone促黑色素细胞激素 Vasop

3、ressin/ADH=antidiuretic hormone后叶加压素,抗利尿激素 oxytocin(后叶)催产素,缩宫素第5页/共23页Hormone secreted by pineal body melatonin退黑激素第6页/共23页Hormones secreted by thyroid gland Thyroxine甲状腺素 Tetraiodothyronine (T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸 Protein-bound iodine (PBI) calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之荷尔蒙)第7页/共23页Horm

4、ones secreted by parathyroid glands Parathyroid hormone or parathormone甲状旁腺激素第8页/共23页Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (I) Corticosteroids = adrenocortical hormones肾上腺皮质激素 Mineralocorticoids矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素 Aldosterone醛固酮 Glucocorticoids糖皮质激素 Cortisol考的松,皮质醇 corticosterone肾上腺酮; 皮质脂酮 Sex hormones Androg

5、en Estrogen第9页/共23页Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (II)adrenal medullary hormone Catecholamines儿茶酚胺 Epinephrine=adrenaline肾上腺素 norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素第10页/共23页Hormones secreted by pancreas Glucagon胰高血糖素(alpha cells) Insulin (beta cells)第11页/共23页Other endocrine glandsPartsHormonesFunctionsthymusthym

6、osinDevelopment of immune systemstomachgastrinDigestion of foodplacentachorionic gonadotropin(HCG)Ovary to maintain the uterine liningpregnancysmall intestinesecretin肠促胰液素cholecystokinin缩胆囊素Pancreas to produce bicarbonateGallbladder to contractheart (atria)atriopeptin心房肽 第12页/共23页What hormone has th

7、is function?Regulating the biological clock of the bodymelatonin第13页/共23页What hormone has this function?Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenals, reproductive glandsAnterior pituitary hormones第14页/共23页What hormone has this function?regulating the rate of

8、metabolismThyroxineParathormonecorticosteroids第15页/共23页What hormone has this function?Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the bloodcalcitonin降血钙素第16页/共23页What hormone has this function?Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the bloodinsulin第17页/共23页What hormone has this function?Regulatin

9、g the development of secondary sex characteristicsAndrogenEstrogen第18页/共23页Which endocrine gland is responsible for?Diabetes insipidus尿崩症Addisons diseaseDwarfismPheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤 Diabetesmyxedema黏液腺瘤virilism男性化hypercalcemia高钙血症Pituitary glandAdrenal glandPituitary glandAdrenal glandPancreasThyro

10、id glandGonadsParathyroid glands第19页/共23页Tests for endocrine system RAIU放射性碘摄取 Radioactive iodine uptake test ITT胰岛素耐量试验 insulin tolerance test TBG甲状腺素结合球蛋白 Thyroxine-binding globulin ACTH test促肾上腺皮质激素试验 LH test促黄体激素试验 Luteinizing hormone test Aldosterone and renin test醛固酮肾素试验第20页/共23页Translate the

11、following case presentation into Chinese A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent hypercalcemia. The patient had been admitted 14 years earlier because of hyperparathyroidism, with an increased level of calcium (12.3 mg per deciliter 3.1 mmol per liter), markedly increas

12、ed levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone (293 pg per milliliter; normal range, 10 to 60), and a low phosphorus level (1.8 mg per deciliter 0.58 mmol per liter). Physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower pole of the thyroid gland. 第21页/共23页Translate the following case

13、presentation into Chinese A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hyperadrenocorticism. The patient had a history of angina pectoris and had undergone five-vessel coronary-artery bypass surgery nine years before admission. He had long-standing heartburn, and for two years had had i

14、ntermittent upper abdominal pain that responded to ranitidine. The results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal. Six months before admission, he began to bruise easily; weakness, emotional lability, moon facies, and peripheral edema developed; and his weight increased by 5 kg. Three months before admission, a tremor developed in his hands. One month later, bouts of tac