状语从句中的时态对应

1、主句谓语动词为现在时态，则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态；主句谓语动词为过去时态，从句的时态一般是过去范畴的时态，其中有如下几种 情况要注意：1. 当从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句中一般用一般过去时或过去进行 时。2. 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句时态用过去将来时。3. 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，从句时态用过去完成时。主将从现原则在if，uni ess等词引导的条件状语从句;在 when，till/until，as soon as before，after，as, while，each time, the moment 等词引导的时间状语从句；在 no matter + wh-

2、，however，whatever，whenever，even if/even though, so long as, on condition that等引导的让步状语从句 中，若主句为一般将来时（或包含情态动词/祈使句），从句谓语动词常用一般现 在时表示将来；若主句为过去将来时，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时态。e.g. I will call you as soon as she arrives.当她来的时候，我就打电话给你。If it clears up, we will go to the park.如果天晴的话，我们就去公园。I will not let them i

3、n, whoever they are.不管他们是谁，我都不会让他们进来。（2008 全国U, 14）If their marketing plans succeed, theytheir sales by 20 percent.A. will in crease B. have bee n in creas ing C. have in creased D. would be in creas ing特定引导词及句式的时态I . sincesince引导的时间状语 从句为一般过去时，主句中的时态用现在完成时或现在 完成进行时。e.g. Jenny has had ano ther babsi

4、 nee I saw her last.从上次我见到Jenny以来，她又生了一个孩子。I have bee n lear ning En glishs ince I was in Grade 3.自从上三年级以来，我一直在学英语。The girl told her father she had bee n ills ince she came home.那个女孩告诉她父亲，自从回到家她就一直在生病。Note: It + be + 一段时间+ since 中，若主句为一般现在时或现在完成时，从 句常用一般过去时；如果主句为一般过去时，从句则常用过去完成时。e.g. It is more tha

5、n three years nominee I saw her last.自此我上次见到她，我们已有三年多没见面了。It has been three yearsince I was in Beijing.我不在北京已经三年了。(1988全国)They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I a good drink.A. had enjo yedB. was enjoying C. enjo yedD. had bee n enjoyingn. beforebefore

6、引导的时间状语 从句若是过去时，主句可用一般过去时或过去完成时。e.g. He closed the doorbefore he left the classroom.他在离开教室之前关上了门。We had bee n to four citiesbefore he came to join us.他来加入我们之前我们已经去了四个城市了。Note: before的常用句型It will (wo nt) be + 时间段 / lo ng + before + 一般现在时It was （was nt） + 时间段 /Io ng + before + 一般过去时（2008 北京，34）Im sorr

7、y youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some timeBrian getsback.A. before B. since C. tillD. after川.by the timeby the time指到某一点时间为止，主句 常用完成时态。一般情况下，如果 从 句表示的是过去时间，主句常用过去完成时；如果从句表示的是将来时间， 主句则常用将来完成时。e.g. By the time you come here tomorrow, will have fini shed this work.你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。By

8、 the time he was 15he had travelled to more tha n 12 coun tries.到15岁为止，他已经去过12个国家了。By the time he went abroad he was 15. 他出国那年15岁。（2002上海）He will have lear ned En glish for eight years by the time hefrom the uni versityn ext year.A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduateiv.no sooner. than ，hardly / scarcely / barely when引导的时间状语从句，其 主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。e.g. Hardly had he arrivedwhe n she started complai ni