宾语从句讲解PPT学习教案

1、会计学1宾语从句讲解宾语从句讲解Translate the phrases.in the shape ofon the Mid-Autumn night traditional folk storiesshoot downlive foreverfly up to the mooncall out ones namelay out以以 . 形状形状在中秋之夜在中秋之夜传统的民间故事传统的民间故事击落击落长生不老；永生长生不老；永生向上飞向月亮向上飞向月亮大声叫喊某人的名字大声叫喊某人的名字摆开；布置摆开；布置第1页/共68页Object clauses with that, if and wh

2、ether第2页/共68页第3页/共68页引导词引导词（连接词）（连接词）that/if/whether/who/which/whose/when/where/why/how语语 序序:陈述句语序陈述句语序Are you a pupil ? you are a pupil.Do you like Lyf? you like Lyf.Does he go to school ? he goes to school.Does she have a book?-she has a book.Did MJ do homework? MJ did homework .Did he go to BJ？he

3、 went to BJ.Have you gone to BJ?-he has gone to BJ.Will they eat food?-they will eat food. 第4页/共68页I think that the Spring Festival is really fun. I want to know who he is . I wonder which book he wanted to buy I wonder if you like the Spring Festival.I dont know whether you like dumplings.三：宾语从句结构：

4、主语+think/believe/wonder/know+that/if/whether/which/where/when/who/what/how+从句(陈述句语序） 第5页/共68页从句形式：一：当从句为陈述句时候：由that 引导，从句保持陈述语序。主语+谓语动词 (think/believe/wonder/know)+that +从句I know that he is a doctor.He thinks that my book is old.二：当从句为一般疑问句时候，由if/whether 引导，从句保持陈述语序。 主语+谓语动词 (think/believe/wonder/kn

5、ow)+if/whether +从句Do you study for a test?1,首先变为陈述语序：you study for a test.2, 由if/whether 引导3. I want to know if you study for a test?Did you study for a test ?-you studied for a test.He asked if you you studied for a test?第6页/共68页三：特殊疑问词的宾语从句 主语+think/wonder等+what/where/when/who/which/how+陈述句语序What

6、do you have ?-what you haveWhat did you have?-what you had What does he have ?-what he hasWhere did you go ?-where you wentWhere did you play?-where you playedWhich book do you buy ?-which book you boughtWhich book does he buy?-which book he buys.I wonder what you have?I wonder which book you bought

7、?第7页/共68页选出哪个是宾语从句选出哪个是宾语从句1. These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.2. Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.3. People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.4. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar sys

8、tem.5. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.6. Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.第8页/共68页1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be bac

9、k in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with that第9页/共68页. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注

10、意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if / whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 第10页/共68页Do you have much money?What does the baby cat ask?He asks if his father has much money.第11页/共68页Am I cool?What does the baby ask?He asks if / whether he

11、 is cool.第12页/共68页Do you love me?What did the girl ask the young man?She asked if / whether the young man loved her.第13页/共68页Can I fly?What does the baby wonder?He wonders if / whether he can fly.第14页/共68页Will you take me to the sky?What does the girl ask the Spiderman?She asks if / whether the Spid

12、erman will take her to the sky.第15页/共68页连接词连接词原句句式原句句式解析解析例句例句that 原 句 是陈述句that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。He said (that) he was from JapanShe doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) his dream will come true.if/whether 原 句 是一 般 疑问句if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。在口语中常用 if。注：与or not 连用时须用wh

13、ether，不能用if。I dont know whether/if he has finished his workI cant say whether or not he can come on time第16页/共68页Fill in the blanks with that, if or whetherif/whetherthatwhetherwhetherthat1.介词后用whether。2.whether 与or not连用第17页/共68页连词连词that不能省略的几种情况不能省略的几种情况 在由在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功

14、能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引引导的宾语从句中，导的宾语从句中，that则则不能不能省略。省略。1. 从句的主语是从句的主语是that。如：。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他说那是一个真的王冠。他说那是一个真的王冠。第18页/共68页2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如： Im afraid that if youve

15、 lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。第19页/共68页4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she

16、would also bring her son. 她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。第20页/共68页. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如： Millie asked if / whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。 The fisherman wants to know if / whether i

17、t will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句第21页/共68页. if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is true or not, Im not sure. 这是否是真的，我不确定。这是否是真的，我不确定。第22页/共68页2. 宾语从句与宾语从

18、句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。第23页/共68页3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I

19、hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。第24页/共68页5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to know if she wont come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。6. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow,

20、 Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。第25页/共68页1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：时态。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。第26页/共68页Fill in the blanks with that, if or whetherif/whetherthatwhetherwhetherthat1.介词后用whether。2.

21、whether 与or not连用第27页/共68页第28页/共68页 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）一般现在时） She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）从句是一般将来时） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。她说她从

22、来没有去过峨嵋山。（从句是现在完成时）（从句是现在完成时） 第29页/共68页2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。 Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left. 第30页/共68页一般现在时一般现在时一般

23、将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来过去将来时时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时第31页/共68页 He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是从句是一般过去时一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿他说他会去照看这个婴儿。 (从句是过去将来时从句是过去将来时) He said (that)

24、they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。他说他们那时正在开会。 (从句是过去进行时从句是过去进行时)第32页/共68页1. 从句表达的是客观真理，用一般现在时从句表达的是客观真理，用一般现在时2. 从句中有明确表示过去时间的词，则从句从句中有明确表示过去时间的词，则从句依然是一般过去时依然是一般过去时The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He wondered if you studied in the USA in 1990.第33页/共68页主句时态主

25、句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一根据句意的需要用任意一种时态种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时与原句相对应的过去的时态态 客观事实、真理、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警自然现象、名言警句、谚语等句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 第34页/共68页学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态

26、不变无质疑。宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表从句若表“是否是否”时，时，if / whether要慎记要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。第35页/共68页Write sentences using the words given.1.think / Lantern Festival / beautiful2.dont know / whether / he

27、/ come home/ for the festivalI think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful.I dont know whether he will come home for the festival.4a4a第36页/共68页4. wonder / if / mooncakes / deliciousI wonder if the mooncakes are delicious.3. believe / Water Festival / most / funI believe that the Water Festival is t

28、he most fun.第37页/共68页1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _ on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BBChoose

29、 the right answers.第38页/共68页3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardAB第39页/共68页5. I havent d

30、ecide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC第40页/共68页7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. what C. where D. that8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether ha

31、s he come C. whether he will come D. if he will comeAC第41页/共68页根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。子。1. 我认为玛丽不来了。我认为玛丽不来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing tonight

32、.willcome was leaving if / whether 第42页/共68页改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether 第4

33、3页/共68页_ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plantsComplete the sentences.第44页/共68页3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。我担心是否伤害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings第45页/共68页if / w

34、hetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.第46页/共68页Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. w

35、hose C. which D. that 【答案答案】D 【解析解析】考查名词性从句。动词考查名词性从句。动词know之后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分之后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用，故用that表陈述一件实事。表陈述一件实事。第47页/共68页( ) Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB典型例题典型例题第48页/共68页( ) I wonder _

36、. Im afraid well be late. A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on timeD第49页/共68页( ) Over these years I have had a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) Can y

37、ou tell me _ in the future? A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC第50页/共68页( ) Do you know _? At the end of July. A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will

38、be held D. when will the new computer game come outC第51页/共68页( ) -Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why

39、 do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC第52页/共68页( ) I wonder _. A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA第53页/

40、共68页( ) Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( ) We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. A. when B. what C. whether D. since C第54页/共68页( ) Do you know _ Guangzhou tomor

41、row?A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( ) Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. A. if B. when C. that D. whereA第55页/共68页( ) Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorr

42、y, Ive no idea. A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( ) He said that light _ much faster than sound. A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC第56页/共68页( ) They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. A. that B. if C. whether( ) Our physics teacher told us light _ faster than

43、sound. A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA第57页/共68页( ) (2016湖南衡阳湖南衡阳) My neighbor asked me _ I heard the big noise last night or not. A. whether B. if C. whatA中考链接中考链接第58页/共68页( ) (2016江苏南京江苏南京) -Are you going camping this after? -A typhoon is coming. Im not sure _ the road to the mountain will be closed.A. which B. what C. whether D. whyC第59页/共68页I wonder _.Yes, of course.（2015德州）德州）A. where we can buy the partsB. how