语法：课件完整版

1、分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法请记住我请记住我 微博微博鬼谷一喵鬼谷一喵HOW ARE YOUHOW ARE YOU？HOW OLD ARE YOUHOW OLD ARE YOU？完型：辨析？完型：辨析？读懂！读懂！语法语法+ +词汇！词汇！阅读新题型：阅读新题型：定位？读懂！定位？读懂！语法语法+ +词汇！词汇！翻译：词汇？翻译：词汇？划分成分！划分成分！语法语法+ +词汇！词汇！写作：模板？写作：模板？自己的话！自己的话！语法语法+ +词汇！词汇！简单句简单句10%10%并列句并列句10%10%三大从句三大从句60%60%特殊句型特殊句型10%10%长难句长难句？! !分分钟搞定考研

2、语法分分钟搞定考研语法语法知识基础：约语法知识基础：约1.51.5小时小时五大基本句型五大基本句型 - 2- 2He is crying.He is crying.I love you.I love you.We can make our country more beautiful.We can make our country more beautiful.My father gave me some advice.My father gave me some advice.The handsome guy is your teacher.The handsome guy is your

3、teacher.主谓宾（实义动词）主谓宾（实义动词）watchwatch主系表（主系表（be,be,感官动词）感官动词）taste feel smelltaste feel smell主谓宾定状主谓宾定状表表 Your teacher Your teacher is listening tois listening to the the popularpopular music music in the gardenin the garden. .名词（冠词名词（冠词/ /格）格） German is German is anan European Country. European Coun

4、try. Is this Is this thethe book that youre looking book that youre looking for?for? The The God God、Play Play thethe piano piano I am Carols ex-husbands sisters I am Carols ex-husbands sisters roomate.roomate. I am your roomates brothers ex-I am your roomates brothers ex-wifes obstericianwifes obst

5、erician（产科医生）（产科医生）. . The comming The comming ofof age age ofof post-war post-war babyboom brought remarkable influence babyboom brought remarkable influence upon American society.upon American society. Chinas proud Chinas proud ofof its 5000 years of its 5000 years of the history and culture.the h

6、istory and culture.代词（强调代词（强调/ /不定代词）不定代词） Last weekLast week, , my mommy mom visited the visited the Great Great WallWall. . all,everyone all,everyone VSVS each, every oneeach, every one数词（数词（score=20score=20）形容词、副词形容词、副词 形容词在前，词组在后，作定语。副词作形容词在前，词组在后，作定语。副词作状语一般都是褒义。状语一般都是褒义。a certain reasona certa

7、in reason、a complete programa complete program、the ill boythe ill boylatter latter VSVS former formerbe present at be present at VSVS be absent from be absent fromtwice as big as that onetwice as big as that onetwice bigger than that onetwice bigger than that oneHe is clever than you.He is clever th

8、an you.时态时态语态语态情态情态 = = 次序次序何人何人感受感受被动语态被动语态The coat washes well.The coat washes well.The pen writes well.The pen writes well.The book The book is worth readingis worth reading. .The flower The flower needneed water wateringing. .It It soundssounds well. well.My stocks have My stocks have ran ran ou

9、tout.(.(wearwear, give, give) )I I can swimmcan swimm across the river. across the river.He He should helpshould help the poor in the remote the poor in the remote area.area.He might have finished the homework.He might have finished the homework.If it If it rainsrains tomorrow, tomorrow, Ill stay at

10、 homeIll stay at home. .虚拟语气虚拟语气( (现在现在) )If I were you, I would help him.If I were you, I would help him.If I had wings, I would fly over the If I had wings, I would fly over the sea.sea.虚拟语气虚拟语气( (过去过去) )If we had been given more time, we would If we had been given more time, we would have done it

11、 better.have done it better.suggest, advice, propose, recommend.suggest, advice, propose, recommend.order,commandorder,commandrequire,demand(require,demand(House, Understand, Share, House, Understand, Share, Buy And Never DemandBuy And Never Demand),request,ask),request,ask It is time that sb. did s

12、th.It is time that sb. did sth.早该做早该做 would rather thatwould rather that宁愿宁愿 It is (was)+It is (was)+形形/ed+that/ed+that It is necessary that we (should 可省略可省略,下同）下同）have a walk now. It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.

13、 It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法掌握定语从句：约掌握定语从句：约1 1个小时个小时which 先行词不能为先行词不能为all/ any thing/ nothing/ much /little等不定代词等不定代词Have you taken down anything that Mr.Yao has said ? 先行词不能出现先行词不能出现the only或或the very等强调等强调This is the only w

14、ay that we can think out. 先行词不能为序数词先行词不能为序数词/最高级最高级This is the best film that Ive ever seem. 先行词不能人物混合先行词不能人物混合They are talking about the school and the teachers that they visited yesterday.that非限制性逗号后，逗号后的介词后非限制性逗号后，逗号后的介词后 The tree, which is 400 years old, is very famous here. The tree that is 400

15、 years old is very famous here. We depend on the land, from which we can get our food.断句练习断句练习 There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun. Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. In our factory, there are many people who are much interested

16、in the new invention. A driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others or be absent minded. The police explained that the difficulties which they faced were too severe.公式公式1：动词动词1【关系词关系词 动词动词2句尾句尾】公式公式2：【关系词关系词 动词动词1 】动词动词2前前写作练习写作练习1） 那些接受过高等教育的人应当赚取更多的钱。那些接受过高等教育的人应当赚取更多的钱。 Those who have r

17、eceived higher education should earn more.2） 那些支持太空研究的人指出数以千计的产品都是那些支持太空研究的人指出数以千计的产品都是太空研究的直接或者间接产品。太空研究的直接或者间接产品。 Those who support space research point out that hundreds of products are direct or indirect products of space exploration.3） 学校学生都是十几岁的孩子，他们的身体正在迅学校学生都是十几岁的孩子，他们的身体正在迅速成长。速成长。 School s

18、tudents are teenagers who are undergoing fast physical development.4） 我们期待着各国人民享受丰富多彩文化生活的那我们期待着各国人民享受丰富多彩文化生活的那一天的到来。一天的到来。 We are looking forward to the day when people of all nations enjoy a kaleidoscopic cultural life.分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法名词性的从句：约名词性的从句：约1 1个小时个小时陈述句：陈述句：thatthat同同一般疑问句：一般疑问句：变陈述加变

19、陈述加whether/ifwhether/if引导引导同同特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：保留特殊疑问词后面变陈述保留特殊疑问词后面变陈述同同This is the factory where my father worked.This is the factory where my father worked.I have a question, where your father worked.I have a question, where your father worked. The fact The fact that ordinary citizens are now that ordi

20、nary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the starting to think seriously about the nations moral climate, nations moral climate, says this ethics says this ethics professor at the University of Chicagoprofessor at the University of Chicago, , is is reason to hopereason to hope that ne

21、w ideas will come that new ideas will come forward to improve it.forward to improve it.whether she will come or notwhether she will come or not I dont know I dont know It is unknown It is unknown The question is The question is The question The question is not settled.is not settled.难得糊涂：那些啥都不知道的人很幸

22、福难得糊涂：那些啥都不知道的人很幸福 简单句简单句 定语从句定语从句 名词性从句名词性从句难得糊涂：那些啥都不知道的人很幸福难得糊涂：那些啥都不知道的人很幸福 The person is happy indeed. The The person is happy indeed. The person knows nothing.person knows nothing. The person who knows nothing is The person who knows nothing is happy indeed.happy indeed. Who knows nothing is h

23、appy indeed. Who knows nothing is happy indeed. Knowing nothing, the person is happy Knowing nothing, the person is happy indeed.indeed.（非谓语再相会）（非谓语再相会）写作练习写作练习1） 自然而然，女孩子就将带孩子看作是女性活动。自然而然，女孩子就将带孩子看作是女性活动。 It is natural that girls identify raising children as a female activity.2） 法律规定，家长作为孩子的唯一监护人，对

24、于孩法律规定，家长作为孩子的唯一监护人，对于孩子的所有错误行为都有责任。子的所有错误行为都有责任。 It is stipulated in law that parents, as the sole guardians of their children, are responsible for all their misconducts.3） 的确，飞机的发明对于我们的生活方式有着深远的确，飞机的发明对于我们的生活方式有着深远的影响。的影响。 It is certainly true that the invention of plane has had a profound impact

25、on our lifestyles.4） 据说，很多蓝领都有心理疾病。据说，很多蓝领都有心理疾病。 It is said that many blue-collared workers suffer from psychological problems.分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法识别状语从句：约识别状语从句：约1.51.5小时小时Never before have TV served so much to Never before have TV served so much to connect different peoples and nations as connect d

26、ifferent peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.in the recent events in Europe.Few things are more likely to destroy Few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.personal data

27、 get into the wrong hands.After the WW2, the US has a market 8 After the WW2, the US has a market 8 times larger than any competitor, giving times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of its industries unparalleled economies of scale.scale.Railroads typically char

28、ge the shippers Railroads typically charge the shippers 20-30 percent more than they do when 20-30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the another railroad is competing for the business.business. No sooner No sooner hadhad theythey reached home than reached home than it

29、rained more and more heavily.it rained more and more heavily. Hardly Hardly had hehad he seen me when he ran seen me when he ran away.away. We didnt go home until we finished We didnt go home until we finished our homework.our homework. Until we finished our homework, we Until we finished our homewo

30、rk, we didnt didnt go homego home. . NotNot until we finished our homework, until we finished our homework, did wedid we go home. go home. 2003 2003完型完型 In these activities it is important In these activities it is important to remember that young teens have short to remember that young teens have s

31、hort attention span. attention span. A variety of activities should be A variety of activities should be organized _ participant can remain organized _ participant can remain active.active. A.if only A.if only B.now that B.now that C.so that C.so that D.even if D.even if 1996 1996完型完型 Vitamins are s

32、imilar because they Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elementsusually are made of the same elementsusually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sometimes carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sometimes nitrogen. nitrogen. They are different _ their They are different _ their elements are arrange

33、d differently. elements are arranged differently. A in that A in that B so that B so that C such that C such that D except that D except that写作练习写作练习 1）兼职对全日制学生有用，因为他们不但能赚到钱，）兼职对全日制学生有用，因为他们不但能赚到钱，而且还可以获得职业经验。而且还可以获得职业经验。 Part-time jobs are useful for full-time students because they not only earn mo

34、ney but also gain career experience. 2) 如果你想与众不同，就不要随时装大流走。如果你想与众不同，就不要随时装大流走。 If you want to be different from others, you should not follow the fashion. 3）一些人赚了钱很幸福，我读到好书很幸福。）一些人赚了钱很幸福，我读到好书很幸福。 Some people feel happy when they have made money, while I find bliss when I am reading a good book. 4)尽

35、管老年人不可能承担体力要求高的工作，但是有很尽管老年人不可能承担体力要求高的工作，但是有很多工作特别适合老年人做，比如咨询师、医生和心理学家多工作特别适合老年人做，比如咨询师、医生和心理学家。 Although old people are unlikely to assume physically demanding tasks, there are many jobs that are especially suitable for old people such as consultants, doctors and psychologists. 从句类型的综合判别从句类型的综合判别 W

36、hether the plan is feasible remains to Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.be proved. I worry about whether he can pass through I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.the crisis of his illness. They are investigating the question They are investigating the

37、question whether the man is trustworthy.whether the man is trustworthy. At time when hiring qualified people is At time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can becoming more difficult, employers who can eliminate invalid bias from the process have eliminate invalid

38、 bias from the process have a distinct advantage.a distinct advantage. While even the modestly educated sought While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded before the 1960

39、s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. spoken English on the page. He was an Asian American who was raised He was an Asian American who was raised in a household where respectful zones in in a house

40、hold where respectful zones in authority was show by averting your eyes.authority was show by averting your eyes.从句类型的综合判别从句类型的综合判别分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法微博北京姚洋微博北京姚洋 谢谢大家谢谢大家分分钟搞定考研语法分分钟搞定考研语法特殊结构汇总：约特殊结构汇总：约2.52.5小时小时倒装主谓宾谓宾主（全部倒装）1句首为时间/方位副词，谓语为go/come（进行变现在）The bus is coming here. Here is coming the

41、bus. Here comes the bus.Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.The hour came when.2句首地点状语The old man lives in the city center.A temple stands on the mountain.3句中分词联上地点放句首，be做谓语，主语后置。A group of young people are sitting on the ground.A group of young people are sitting on the ground.Sitting

42、 on the ground are a group of young people.a、A boy aged about 18 was lying on the floor.b、On the floor was lying a boy aged about 18.c、Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 18. 倒装完成：Ving/ed + 介词短语 + be + 主语300 Japanese young people are visiting Beijing.visiting Beijingare300 Japanese young people主

43、谓宾助主谓宾（部分倒装）1句首状语为否定 hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few, little, less, no longer, not only at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstances, in no way, on no account, on no consideration（介词+no+名词=绝不）He never smokes. Never does he smokes.Never do I trust you.Not only did the cust

44、omer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.Under no circumstance, do I trust you.那么，到此为止，介个助动词是什么东东？am is are do does did has have had can could .2句首only+状Only with you can I fell happy. Only when you come will we start the meeting.3so.that在句首He runs so fast that I cant catch up wit

45、h him.So fast does he run that .The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day.So bright was the moon that.4as表示虽然（也就是位于第2个单词时）Although I am young, I can live by myself.Although I like music very much,.- Much as I like music,.Although the picture is simple.- Simple as the picture is.5虚拟语气的

46、倒装If I were you, I could help him.If you had come to my birthday party, you would have seen YaoMing.QUIZ 1Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.Reaching new peaks of popularity in North

47、 America is Iceberg Waters, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off衍生 industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping ce

48、nters/malls.Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social issues related to chronic慢性 pain.Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed t

49、he man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel.It is said that never before has man been so highly successful in his attempts to modify the weather on a very small scale.非谓语动词一、不定式不定式二、定语从句的省略（分词分词作定语）三、状语从句的省略（分词分词作状语） 动名词动名词sleeping babyreading roomto d

50、o、-ing/-ed（术语皆浮云，功能是王道）（术语皆浮云，功能是王道）to do 与 -ing做主语 Watching TV is my hobby. To study abroad is my dream.做表语 My hobby is watching TV. My dream is to study abroad.ing=普遍状态、to do=目的、希望做宾语 I want to do.（98%） doing acknowledge, admit, advocate, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, delay, escape, deny, consider, mi

51、nd, miss, finish, resist, imagine, practice, suggest, prevent, postpone, keep, quit forget、stop、remember regret、try、mean省to不定式 1）feel, observe, overhear, watch, listen to, perceive, notice, see, hear. （生理感觉） 2）make, let, have （.sb do sth.）On seeing the young child fell into the lake, Mr.Yao sprang t

52、o his feet, and went on the rescue. （感官ing后fall.v.一般原形, see sb. do sth. be seen to fall into被动还原to）固定句型It is no use, no good/no fun/a great pleasure/a waste of timeh 等名词 doing sth.It is useless/nice/good/interesting/expensive等形容词 doingIt is no use crying over the split milk.It is no good objecting.I

53、t is a great fun playing football.It is useless speaking.It is nice seeing you again.It is good playing chess after supper.-ing/-ed作定语关系词充当宾语（直接省略） I know the boy who the teacher praised just now. The police explained that the difficulties which they faced were too severe.关系词充当主语（省略+主动变ing/被动变ed）即分词

54、作后置定语I know the girl who comes from Beijing.I know the girl coming from Beijing.I like reading books which were written by O Henry.I like reading books written by O Henry.n+ing/ed省略I have a cat which is named King.I have a cat named King.The first thing that is needed for innovation is a fascination

55、 with wonder.Databases which are used by some companies dont rely on data collected systematically.Hamilton isnt the only educator who crossed- crossing the Atlantic.QUIZ 2Career experts say that one of the ways that job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal

56、 their identities. 主动状 Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, which be enhanced by chronic personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.Over the past 3 decases the number of students who leaves- leaving home each year t

57、o study abroad has grown at annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.-ing/-ed作状语分词作状语独立主格1.状语从句中，前后文主语一致（省略+主变ing,被变ed）2.分词短语可以保留可以保留连词When the mouse saw the cat, it ran away.Seeing the cat, the mouse ran away.句首The mouse ran away seeing the cat.句尾When seeing the cat,

58、the mouse ran away.保留关系词Reading the letter, she burst out crying.After having annoyed everybody, he went home.Although exhausted by the walk, he continued his journey. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A compared B being

59、 compared C comparing D having compared 提示：when we ，weHe wasnt asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _ in sufficiently popular with all members.A being consideredB consideringC to be consideredD having considered提示：.。He was considered.。Feeling threatened, companies responded by writting

60、ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.独立主格1）分词的逻辑主语和主句不同（省略关系词）2）独立主格只能做状语 After we fini