不同生育时期遮光对玉米籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响

1、作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2014, 40(9): 1650-1657 / ISSN 0496-3490; CODEN TSHPA9 E-mail: xbzw (CXJJ), (nycytx-02), (D2001)(QN) * (Corresponding author): , E-mail: maizezhao, Tel: 010- : E-mail: chuanyongchen *(Contributed equally to this work) Received(): 2014-03-10; Accept

2、ed(): 2014-06-16; Published online(): 2014-07-09. URL: DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01650 不同生育时期遮光对玉米籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响 陈传永1,* 王荣焕1,* 赵久然1,* 徐田军1 王元东1 刘秀芝1 刘春阁1 裴志超2 成广雷1 陈国平1 1, ; 2, : , 20122013968958, 50%13(T1)(T2)15 d (T3), 7 d, , Logisticy =A/(1+BeCx), , ; (P), (Gmax), (A); , (Wmax), (P), (Gmax), (Wma

3、x), (Wmax)(Gmax), (P) : ; ; ; Effects of Shading on Grain-Filling Properties and Yield of Maize at Different Growth Stages CHEN Chuan-Yong1,*, WANG Rong-Huan1,*, ZHAO Jiu-Ran1,*, XU Tian-Jun1, WANG Yuan-Dong1, LIU Xiu-Zhi1, LIU Chun-Ge1, PEI Zhi-Chao2, CHENG Guang-Lei1, and CHEN Guo-Ping1 1 Maize Re

4、search Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing , China; 2 Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension, Beijing , China Abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the effect of shading at different growth stages on grain filling properties and yield of maize (Zea

5、 mays L.). The Field experiments were carried out using maize cultivars (Jingke 968, Zhengdan 958) with shading of 50% at the 13th leaf fully expanded (T1), the silking (T2) and the15th day after silking (T3) for seven days in 20122013. The natural light condition without shading was used as the con

6、trol. The Logistic equation was used to analyze the grain filling process. The results showed that grains per ear, 1000-kernel weight and yield were all decreased to a different degree under shading conditions at different growth stages, and the decrease rate of grain yield was increased with lastin

7、g shading dura-tion. The yield was significantly different under different shading treatments. The duration of the maximum grain filling and ac-tive grain-filling period (P) were shortened, the maximum and mean grain-filling rate (Gmax) decreased and the final grain weight (A) reduced under shading

8、conditions. The relation among grain weight, grain number per ear and grain yield was determined by characteristics of maize cultivar. The grain weight of the same cultivar was significantly positively correlated with grain weight with the maximum grain-filling rate (Wmax), and the grain weight of d

9、ifferent maize cultivars was determined by active grain-filling period (P). The grain number per ear of the same maize cultivar was significantly positively correlated with Gmax, and the grain number per ear of different maize cultivars was determined by Wmax. It is an important way to keep a high o

10、r stable yield by selecting the suitable cultivar, improving Wmax and Gmax and prolonging active grain-filling period (P) under weak light stress. Keywords: Maize; Shading; Grain-filling properties; Grain yield 9 : 1651 C4, , 1-2, , : 3-5, 6-8, 9, , 10-12, 13-18, , , 8,11Logistic, 19-23, , 968958 ,

11、, 241922, Logistic, , , , , 1 材料与方法 1.1 2012201359, 020 cm12012201332373536, 539.30 mm447.10 mm, 976 h1001 h; 15271745, 389.90 mm330.45 mm, 445 h506 h 表1 土壤养分含量状况 Table 1 Soil nutrient in the experiment Year Organic matter (g kg1) Total N (g kg1) Total P (g kg1) Total K (g kg1) Alkali-hydrolysable N

12、 (mg kg1) Available P (mg kg1) Available K (mg kg1) 2012 10.90 0.70 0.52 9.56 94.36 25.37 145.15 2013 10.92 0.78 0.50 9.67 95.00 25.28 152.39 1.2 968958(CK), 50%13(T1)(T2)15 d (T3), 7 d, , 3, 6, 7.5 m, 27 m2, 52 500 hm26000 kg hm2, 270 kg hm2, 1.3 1.3.1 , 15 d, 7 d3, 100, 10530 min, 80 1.3.2 (x), 7

13、d(y), Logisticy =A/(1+BeCx), LogisticABC (, A, B, C)Tmax = (ln B)/C, Wmax = A/2, Gmax = (CWmax)/2, P (90%) = 6/C 1.3.3 2, 20 1.4 CurveExpert 1.3, DPS, Microsoft Excel 2003 2 结果与分析 2.1 2(2), , 1652 40 T1T2T3CK8.38%14.67%29.02%, 4.62%8.65%19.55%, 3.32%6.27%10.75%, 968T1T2T3CK6.20%13.97%24.03%, 2.77%8.

14、35%15.76%, 2.96%5.89%10.02%; 958T1T2T3CK10.55%15.37%34.02%, 6.47%8.95%23.33%, 3.68%6.65%11.47%, , 968(x2)(x5)(x6)(x4)(x1),(x3)(x5)(x6), ; 958, (x5)(x2)(x3)(x4)(x6)(x1), (x5)(x2)(x3)(x6), (x1), , (x2)(x3)(x5), (x2)(x4)(x6), (x3)(x5), (5), 968(Wmax), (P), (Wmax), (Gmax); 958(Wmax), (Gmax) 表4 籽粒灌浆参数、穗粒

15、数、千粒重与产量的通径分析 Table 4 Path and regression analysis of effect of grain-filling parameters, grains per ear, 1000-kernel weight with grain yield Indirect effect Effect factors Correlation coefficient Direct effect Totalx1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 968 Jingke 968 x1 0.1804 0.0071 0.1733 0.36820.2845 0.0598 0.0236

16、0.1736 x2 0.3412 0.5059 0.8470 0.0052 0.4094 0.0757 0.1091 0.2477 x3 0.8736* 0.5462 0.3275 0.0037 0.3792 0.0099 0.3862 0.3267 x4 0.5414 0.1260 0.6674 0.0034 0.30380.0427 0.3036 0.0207 x5 0.9867* 0.4819 0.5048 0.0004 0.11460.4376 0.0794 0.2608 x6 0.8671* 0.3308 0.5363 0.0037 0.37870.5393 0.0079 0.379

17、9 958 Zhengdan 958 x1 0.2684 0.0436 0.3119 0.64150.2360 0.3710 0.3303 0.0528 x2 0.1386 0.6892 0.5506 0.0406 0.3184 0.3688 0.2518 0.0747 x3 0.6600* 0.5192 0.1408 0.0198 0.4226 0.0830 0.3269 0.1336 x4 0.5344 0.4112 0.9456 0.0393 0.61820.1048 0.4899 0.0183 x5 0.9655* 0.7259 0.2396 0.0198 0.23910.2338 0

18、.2775 0.0639 x6 0.6850* 0.1346 0.5504 0.0171 0.38270.5152 0.0560 0.3448 x1: ; x2: ; x3: ; x4: ; x5:; x6:*, *0.050.01 x1: the time reaching to maximum grain filling rate (Tmax); x2: active grain filling period (P); x3: weight of a kernel at the time of maxi-mum grain-filling rate (Wmax); x4: maximum

19、grain filling rate (Gmax); x5: grain number per ear; x6: 1000-kernel weight. *, * mean significance at 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. 9 : 1655 表5 不同玉米品种灌浆特征参数与千粒重和穗粒数的相关系数 Table 5 Correlations coefficient of grain-filling parameters with 1000-grain weight and grains per ear of maize

20、 Cultivar Parameter of grain filling 1000-kernel weight Grain number per ear Tmax 0.5248 0.0489 Wmax 0.9874* 0.8013* Gmax 0.0560 0.6219* 968 Jingke 968 P 0.7486* 0.2265 Tmax 0.3908 0.4550 Wmax 0.9922* 0.4504 Gmax 0.1469 0.6662* 958 Zhengdan 958 P 0.5553 0.3469 *, *0.050.01 *, * mean significance at

21、0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. Abbreviations are the same as given in Table 3. 3 讨论 3.1 13-19, 2,7,13,18, , ; , , ; , 9,16, 7, 014 d; 8, , , 3,7,10,25, , , , 8; 15 d13, 8 , , 968958, 968958, , 968958 3.2 26-27, , , , 21, , ; 23, , ; 28, ; 29, , ; 30, , , 968, 958, , 31, , , , 4 结论 ,

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