定语从句专项

1、亳州二中亳州二中 高三年级高三年级 谭文华谭文华句子成分分析：句子成分分析：英语中的句子成分有英语中的句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语状语、补语、同位语构成。和汉语非常相似。构成。和汉语非常相似。I found a long snake dead in the corner last night.定语定语_ _主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语补语补语地点状语地点状语时间状语时间状语英语句子结构：英语句子结构：简单句简单句主主+谓（谓（vi）主主+谓（谓（vt）+宾宾+双宾双宾+宾补宾补主主+系（系（be）+表表复合句复合句并列复合句并列复合句主从

2、复合句主从复合句and, but, or, so等并列连词连接等并列连词连接有引导词连接，做什么句子成分就叫什么从句有引导词连接，做什么句子成分就叫什么从句主从复合句：主从复合句：名词性从句名词性从句形容词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句副词性从句主从复合句主从复合句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句状语从句状语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句表语从句表语从句20162016全国乙卷全国乙卷阅读理解阅读理解A： Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.阅读理解阅读理解B: No s

3、tatistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.阅读理解阅读理解C： 1. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in American. 2. In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient. 3. Youre consciously aware t

4、hat in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.阅读理解阅读理解D： A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.七选五阅读：七选五阅读： C项项 Only people who know the keyword c

5、an read the message. F 项项 With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.完形填空：完形填空： The man who had his bright lights on _48_ and told Larry he had _49_ an emergency call.语法填空：语法填空： 1. So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, wh

6、ere tickets money helps pay for research. 2. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_(it) mother. 由以上例句可以看出定语从句广泛存在于英语由以上例句可以看出定语从句广泛存在于英语试题中，有的放在文章中，起到拉长句子增加理解难度试题中，有的放在文章中，起到拉长句子增加理解难度的作用，有的直接出现在考题中，主要考察学生分析句的作用，有的直接出现在考题中，主要考察学生分析句子，选填正确引导词的能力。此外，几乎所

7、有的英语文子，选填正确引导词的能力。此外，几乎所有的英语文章中都会出现定语从句，它的应用极其广泛。所以掌握章中都会出现定语从句，它的应用极其广泛。所以掌握定语从句在学习英语的过程中非常重要。今天我主要从定语从句在学习英语的过程中非常重要。今天我主要从高考的角度讲一讲高考对于定语从句高考的角度讲一讲高考对于定语从句关关系代词、关系副系代词、关系副词和介词词和介词+ +关系代词关系代词的考察。的考察。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。2.先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词定语从

8、句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念1.1.定语从句定义：定语从句定义：3.引导词引导词/关系词关系词：连接先行词和定语从句的词连接先行词和定语从句的词He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.先行词先行词引导词引导词或关系词或关系词定语从句两个必备因素：定语从句两个必备因素：先行先行词和引词和引导词导词关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词That，who, which, whom, whose ，aswhen, where, why在从句中做主语、宾语或定语在从句中做主语、宾语或定语在从句中做状语在从句中做状语1、that/whichThat/whichThat

9、/which可互可互换换，下列情，下列情况别况别照照办办。不定代不定代词这词这一一伙伙， 只用只用thatthat准准没错没错。先行先行词词前有修前有修饰饰， 千万不能用千万不能用whichwhich。要用要用whichwhich别别着急，着急， 介介词词提前逗隔离。提前逗隔离。That/which可互换可互换I bought the book that/which is written by Jobs. （指物，主语）（指物，主语）我买了一本乔布斯写的书。That指人或指物，指人或指物，which指物，做主宾表指物，做主宾表先先行词为行词为all, everything, nothing,

10、something, anything, little, much 等不定代词等不定代词时，关系代词用时，关系代词用that.1. I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.2. Do you have anything _ you dont understand?thatthat先先行词被行词被序数序数词、最词、最高高级、级、the only, the very, the same, the last、all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修等修饰饰时，只能用时，只能用that。This is the

11、first book _ he has read.He is the only person _ was present at the time. Ive read all the books _ you lend me. The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.另外，先另外，先行词既有人又有物行词既有人又有物时，也用时，也用that。thatthatthatthat(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。介词作宾语（介

12、词提前）。 There are many trees _ they can have a rest. This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.(2) 在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, _ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhichWho指人，在从句中常做主语，指人，在从句中常做主语，whom常做宾语或表常做宾语或表语，语，whose既指人又指物，做定语。既指人又指物，做定语。 1. He is the man

13、 _ has a scar on his foreheadwho2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.whom3. I have a room _window faces south.whose作主语作主语作宾语作宾语作定语作定语 whose+ whose+名词名词=of which/whom + the+=of which/whom + the+名词名词=the+=the+名词名词+of which/whom+of which/whomWhose window=the window of which=of which the window先行词前有先行词前有so,such,a

14、s,the sameso,such,as,the same修饰时，关系代词用修饰时，关系代词用asas.The story is so funny _ I want to hear again.The story is so funny _ I want to hear it again.asthat定语从句，定语从句，as作宾语作宾语结果状语从句，结果状语从句，that不作句子成分不作句子成分注意区分：注意区分：The number of smokers,_ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year._ is often

15、the case, he doesnt have supper to lose fat._ the saying goes, still water runs deep.asAsAs注意区分：注意区分：The boy always makes mistakes, _ upsets his parents very much.whichWhich用于非限定性定语从句中（逗号后面），指代前一分句内容，译为用于非限定性定语从句中（逗号后面），指代前一分句内容，译为“这一这一点点”“”“这个事这个事”。1.Here are my neighbors home was destroyed by the

16、earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people were asleep 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything _they could find 4.Several days later most of the buildings had been damaged were repaired whosewhoThat/省略Which/thatExercises:5.This frighten

17、ed boy _ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now 6.We went to see our teacher _husband lost his life in the earthquake 7.Is this the young man saved several people trapped under buildings ? she asked 8. A number of children _ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with famili

18、es in other citieswhosewhosewhowhoseExercises:1. when (先行词指时间且从句不缺主宾表时用先行词指时间且从句不缺主宾表时用)I will never forget the days _ we lived together in the city.I will never forget the days _ we spent together in the city.whenthat/which作状语作状语=in which作宾语作宾语Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovel

19、y music.Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can visit later. wherethat/which作状语作状语=in which作宾语作宾语注意：当先行词是注意：当先行词是case/situation/activity/race/point/position等抽象等抽象名词时，关系副词也用名词时，关系副词也用where.They have reached the point_ they have to separate with each other.whereDo you know the reason _ he didnt attend the meeting?Do you know the reason _ he explained to the teacher ?whythat/which作状语作状语=for which作宾语作宾语特别注意：特别注意：关系副词关系副词=相应的介词相应的介词+关系代词关系代词He was a black lawyer t