英语专业八级翻译真题(1998年

1、TEM-8翻译局部英语专业八级翻译真题佃98年2007年第一局部汉译英Passage 1. 1998年1997年2月24日我们代表下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周群峦叠翠，湖面 波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知,大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的珍贵机遇和巨大挑战

2、把青年推到了历史的前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须答复的问题。日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索Passage 2.佃99年加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的开展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存开展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量到达8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。温哥华Vancouver的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的奉献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却缺乏300

3、0万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民， 不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华那么更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中， 有一半不是在本地出生的，每 4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近 5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。Passage 3. 2000年中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些缺乏， 后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之 秀。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物

4、馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生 物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动 的旁观者 。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的微妙。中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆。它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力 学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力

5、的大自然野外天成的场所。钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。Passage 5. 2002年大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全部一致并深深地依赖 着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。往 日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。Passage

6、6 2003年得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子 里，我顿觉打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的黄昏，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界， 一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一霎时，一阵被人槟弃， 为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。Passage7 2004 年在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。 开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象 很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口

7、。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出 来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候 你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举 筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应吧。Passage8 2005 年一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作、生活等 等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、 多工

8、作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。 我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、 大思想家等等都莫不如此。Passage9 2006 年中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，根本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多：因此欲望也小得多。 况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴,但比起莫利哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实、比西方人

9、容易满足。PassagelO 2007 年暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边， 在河湾之畔， 一群羊正在低头觅食。 它们几乎没有一个 顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次 咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。 牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。 只有这些美生灵自由自在 地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白 的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。Passagell 2021 年都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高， 今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种

10、奢望，一种梦想。我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。 人的智力需要开发， 人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心 世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。 每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的渐损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。Passage12 2021 年我想不起来哪一个熟人没有 。今天没有 的人是奇怪的，这种人才需要解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在 的 本里，可以随时调出使用。 古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝。 刷

11、新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭 。可是会议室里的 铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此,我们也不会轻易关掉 。翻开 象征我们与这个世界的联系。 反映出我们的“社交饥渴症。最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着 屏幕发短信。他不在 乎停在马路中央还是厨所旁边。为什么对于 来电和短信这么在乎？因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联 系。Passage13 2021 年朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干预和控制。朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味那么合、 那么交；反之，那么离、那么绝。朋友之间再熟悉、 再亲密，也不能随便过头、 不

12、恭不敬。不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。 每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔膜。待友不敬, 或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好方法是往来有节，互不干预。第二局部英译汉Passage 1. 1998年I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly

13、, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And America ns do swi ng from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortun ate, imitative deferenee. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their lit

14、erary appraisals. Moreover, i n fields where they are not preem inent e. g. in pain ti ng and music they too alter nate betwee n boasti ng of n ative products and copy ing those of Con ti nent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in a

15、rticles that they really represent an English tradition after all.To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speak ing, America and Europe have kept step. At any given mome nt the traveler could find examples in both of the same archi

16、tecture, the same style in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atla ntic as freely as men and mercha ndise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to America n habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualificati on to precede the word, for freque ntly the differe ne

17、e betwee n America and Europe especially En gla nd will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of diverge nee is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in importa nt sen ses grew out of his own, which in se

18、veral ways still resembles his own and which is yet a foreig n coun try. There are odd overlapp ings and abrupt un familiarities; kin ship yields to a sudde n alie nati on, as whe n we hail a pers on across the street, only to discover from his bla nk resp onse that we have mistake n a stra nger for

19、 a friend.Passage 2.佃99年In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, s

20、ecularized society but they have bee n and are powerful in deed in other places.In additi on, one class of family reas ons shares a border with the followi ng category, n amely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuve na

21、te the marriage; to in crease the nu mber of childre n on the assumpti on that family happ in ess lies that way. The point is un derl ined by its con verse: in some societies the failure to bear childre n or males is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the prof

22、o und signi fica nee of childre n to the very in stituti on of the family itself.To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family they need children to en rich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive in flue nee of offspri ng. Children need the family

23、, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uni quely available, at least in prin ciple, for security, comfort, assura nee, and direct ion in a cha nging, ofte n hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sen se, n eeds more than one pers on for sust

24、e nance and in gen erati onal exte nsion.Passage 3. 2000年If people mean anything at all by the expression “ untimelydeath they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule tha n others. Death in old age is rarely called un timely a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the pass i

25、ng of a young pers on, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be take n.History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of MariLyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear

26、the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.Passage 4

27、. 2001 年Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau?s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one?sperception of what is en duri ng in n ature would have bee n his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time a

28、nd effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more importa nt efforts.Effort is the gist of it. There is no happ in ess except as we take on life- en gagi ng difficulties.

29、 Short of the impossible, as Y eats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in someth ing like the same terms whe n he spoke of The pleasure of taking pains . The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happ in ess is

30、 in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We dema nd difficulty even in our games. We dema nd it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary impositi on of difficulty. When some one rui ns th

31、e fun, he always does so by refus ing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to cha nge the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning withi n the rules. No difficulty, no fun.Passage 5. 2002年The word winner and loser have many meanings. When we

32、refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes some one else lose. To us, a winner is one who resp onds authe ntically by being credible, trustworthy, resp on sive, and genuine, both as an in dividual and as a member of a society.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a con cept of what

33、 they imagi ne they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performanee, maintaining prete nee and man ipulati ng others. They are aware that there is a differe nee betwee n being lov ing and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, betwe

34、en being knowledgeable and acting kno wledgeable. Winners do not n eed to hide beh ind a mask.Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their ow n kno wledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don t pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they s

35、ay but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defi ned, demolished, bound, or awed by them.Winners do not play helpless, nor do they play the blam ing game. In stead, they assume resp on sibility for their own livesPassage 6 2003年In

36、his classic novel, “The Pioneers, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cous in on a tour of the city he is buildi ng. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered . All she sees is a forest.“ Where arethe beaut

37、ies and improvements which you were to show me? ahtensksedHshte can?tsee them. “ Where! Why everywhere, he replies. For thought they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and fini shed.Cooper was illustrating a

38、distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the prese nt from the van tage point of the future; the freedom to feel unen cumbered by the past and more emotio nally attached to things to come. As Albert Ei nste in once said, “ Life for the America n is always beco ming, n ever be

39、ing.Passage7 2004 年For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocea n, as I do most days, and know that I have an en tire day ahead, unin terru

40、pted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happ in ess.I?m Ion ely only whe n I am overtired, whe n I have worked too long without a break, whe n for the time being I feel empty ad need filling up. And I am Ionely sometimes when I come b

41、ack home after a lecture trip, whe n I have see n a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experie nee that n eeds to be sorted out.Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I won der where my self is hidi ng. It has to be recaptured slowly by wateri ng the pl

42、a nts and perhaps, by look ing aga in at each one as though it were a pers on.It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowi ng up in fountains, but the mome nt comes whe n the worlds falls away, and the self emerges aga in from the deep uncon scious, bringing back all I have recen tly experie need to

43、be explored and slowly un derstood.Passage8 2005 年It is simple eno ugh to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to

44、books with blurred and divided min ds, ask ing of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flatteri ng, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such prec on cepti ons whe n we read, that would be an admirable b

45、eg inning. Do not dictate to vour author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preve nting yourself from getti ng the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you ope n your mind as widely as possible, the n si

46、g ns and hints of almost imperceptible finen ess, from the twist and turn of the first senten ces, will bring you in to the presenee of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give yo

47、u, something far more defi nite.Passage9 2006 年On May 13, 1940, newly appointed British Prime Minister Winston Churchill gave his first speech to the British Parliament in which he prepares them for the long battle against Nazi aggressi on, at a time whe n the very survival of En gla nd was in doubt

48、.:I have no thi ng to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal ofthe most grievous kind. We have before us many , many mon ths of struggle and sufferi ng.You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the st

49、re ngth God has give n us, and to wage war aga inst a mon strous tyranny n ever surpassed in the dark and lame ntable catalogue of huma n crime.You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory . Victory at all costs - V ictory in spite of all terrors 二 V ictory, however long and har

50、d the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.I take up my task in buo

51、ya ncy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel en titled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say , ,Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength ?.Passage10 2007 年Scie ntific and tech no logical adva nces are en

52、 abli ng us to comprehe nd the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the pla net, but the very life of the pla net.Globalization is making the world s

53、maller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is burst ing with kno wledge - but desperately in n eed of wisdom. Now, whe n sound bites are gett ing shorter, whe n in sta nt messages crowd out essays, and

54、 whe n in dividual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflect ion are what our world n eeds.For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable missi on of uni versities.Passage 11 2021年But, as has bee n true in many other

55、 cases, whe n they were at last married, the most ideal of situati ons was found to have bee n cha nged to the most practical. In stead of havi ng shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distr

56、essing moments for both our friends; they understood sudde nly that in stead of dwelli ng in heave n they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitati ons. In stead of being freer and happier tha n ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had establi

57、shed a new household, and must fulfill in some way or ano ther the obligati ons of it. They looked back with affect ion to their en gageme nt; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never feltso kee nly that they were still un its in moder n

58、society.Passage12 2021 年We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency - a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful n ews as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst - though not all - of its con seque nces, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.However, too many of the worlds leaders are still best describe