语法填空专项训练时态语态

1、1. 时态。时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英 语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态有16种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种：10种时态构成（以do为例）主要用法一般现在时do/does经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在的状态一般过去时did在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态一般将来时will/shall do在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时would do在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态现在进行时am/is/aredoi ng表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作过去进行时was/weredoi ng表示在过

2、去某一时间内正在进行的动作将来进行时will/shallbedoi ng表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作现在完成时have/has done表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在； 也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态过去完成时had done表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动词，即“过去的过去现在完成进行have/has bee n表示个从过去就幵始直延续到现在时doi ng并有可能继续下去的动作2. 语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主 语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现

3、，如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”，一般将来时的被动语态就是“ will be + 过去分词”。解题技巧在语法填空中，一般有一空是考查谓语动词的时态，同时有一空是考查非谓语动词，因此，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态，进而确定所填动词的形式。例 1: This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course.Bei ng too an xious to help

4、 an eve nt develop ofte n 40 （result） in thecon trary to our inten ti on. （2008广东）分析： 因句中 Bei ng too an xious to help an eve nt develop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result应当为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词result in本身是不能用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；根据语境，这段话是拔苗助长这个 成语故事所说明的道理，“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程发展。太着急帮助 一件事物发展，结果往往和我们的意图相反（欲速则不达）。”这是客观真理，应

5、当用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填 resultso例 2： The policeman s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which (place) under the Ministers car. (2005广东 ) 分析：替代 the box 的关系代词 which 在定语从句中作主语， place 应当为谓语动词； 因主语 which (the box) 与 place ( 放置) 是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在 was caught 这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时的被 动语态，故填

6、 had been placed 。一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. The house belongs to myaunt but she? (not live) here any more.( 全国 I)2. This machine (not work). It hasnt worked for years. ( 浙江)3. If their marketing plans succeed, they (increase) theirsales by 20 perce nt.( 全国U)4. Population experts in the near future. (pr

7、edict that most people上海春 )(live) in cities5. He (play) football regularly for many years when he was young.( 天津 )6. - Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?- Yes, since she (join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏 )7. Teenagers (damage) their health because they play computergames too much. ( 重庆 )8. I

8、called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn t get through.Her brother (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南 )9. John promised his doctor he (not smoke), and he has smokedever since. ( 北京 )10. By this time tomorrow, I (lie) on the beach11. So far this year we (see) a fall in house prices

9、by between5 and 10 percent. (福建 )12. The hotel wasn t particularly good. But I (stay) in manyworse hotels. ( 北京 )13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we (know) each other for years. ( 辽宁 )14. - I m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.- I think so. He (prep

10、are) for it for months. ( 江苏)15. The telephone (ring), but by the time I got indoors,it stopped. (四川 )16. -Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area (invite). ( 陕西 )17. - Whats that noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine (test).( 浙江 )18. I like these English

11、songs and they (teach) manytimeson the radio. (安徽 )、语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140的相应位置上。(以动词时态为主)(1)It?was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I1(wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put myhand intomy pocket 2(take) out my key 3I couldnt

12、find it. Isuddenly remembered that I?had left 4 on my desk in the office. Itreally didn t mak e 5 difference. I knew my wife was at home andthe children must have come back from school 6 now, so I knocked?atthe door.There was no answer, so I knocked again. I 7(continue) knockingat the door for some

13、time. I was getting angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife 8 (phone)?saying that she 9(go) shopping in the afternoon withthe children.There was only one thing for me?to do: I had to clime in 10a window.(2)When he was a little boy, Christopher Cock

14、erell once watched his mother1(turn) the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.“Wouldnt it work 2(quick) if a machine turned the wheel foryou?” he asked.“I suppose it would, ” said his mother, without 3(pay) himany attention.Christopher 4(know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted5 (help)

15、 her.Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father had bought6 as a gift.“I 7(make) better use of it, ”little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother 8(not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. Whenthe job 9(finish), he was quitepleased,?10(think) his mother 11(like) it.“Very clever, ” his mother said, when she saw it. Then she sa