介词的用法口诀

1、介词的用法口诀早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 将来时态in.以后，小处at大处in。 有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和一就，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、

2、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。 this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。 over、under正上下，above、below则不然， 若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to

3、、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 since以来during间，since时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面，有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。 如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀，就不

4、易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。 早、午、晚要用in 例：in the morning in the afternoonin the day in the evening at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn, at daybreak at noon at night at midnight 以上短语都不用冠词 at ten thirty a.m.at six oclock at 7：30 (seven thirty) at half past eleven at nine fifteen也可以写成 seven

5、 to five 5点差7分(半小时以上) five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末 年、月、年月、季节、周要用in。但在某年某月某日则用on 例；in 1986 in April in December 1986 in July l983 in spring in the fist week of this semester 阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in， 即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。 例：Dont read in dim light. They are s

6、itting in the shade of a tree.a prisoner in irons He went in the rain to meet me at the station. The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 以及：in the bright sunlighta merchant in disguise 乔装的商人 the woman in white (black, red, yellow) in uniform in mourning 穿着丧服 in brown shoesin his shirt 将来时

7、态in.以后 例: They will come back in 10 days.Well be back in no time. after. (从过去开始) 小处at大处in 例：I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 有形with无形by，语言 、单位、材料in 例：The workers are paving a road with stone.The teacher is correcting the paper wit

8、h a new pen.Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is a good opera.I really cant express my idea in English freely in-deed The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.This board was cast in bronze not in gold.。 特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in 特征或状态： 例: The Democratic Party was then in power. They found

9、 the patient in a coma. He has not been in good health for some years. Many who came in despair went away in hope. The house was in ruins. The poor girl was in tears. Her clothes were in rags. His shoes were in holes.I only said it in fun.。 She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 还有一些短语也用in，如： in j

10、est 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地， in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。 His mind was in great confusion.Today everybody is in high spirits。 She and her classmates are in flower ages. The compaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中。 方面： 例：They are never backward in giving their views. 他

11、们从来不怕发表自己的意见。 A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。 方式： 例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 如下成语惯用in 例如： in all 总计 in advance 事前 in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地 in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着.希望 in connection with 和有关 in contact with 和联系 in addition to 除.以外 in c

12、ase of 倘若，万一 in conflict with 和.冲突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于 in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近 in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in behalf of 为了帮助某人 in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心 in the opinion of 据见解 in the long run 从长远说来in a word 总之in ones opinion 在看来 in word 口头上 in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果，万

13、一，以防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管 in other words. 换句话说 in return 作为回报in doubt 怀疑 in the name of 以.名义 be confident in 对.有信心 be interested in 对.感兴趣 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债 in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地 in hesitation 犹豫不决 in wonder 在惊奇中 in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地) in a good humo

14、ur 心情(情绪)好 介词at、to表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分。 介词at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意；用to表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句： AShe came at me. 她向我扑过来。 BShe came to me. 她向我走过来。 AHe shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。 B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on。 例: on Octorber the first 1949 o

15、n May the firston the second of January 或 on January the secondon a summer eveningon Boxing Dayon New Years Dayon my birthday 但 in the Christmas holidays; in the eighteenth century; in ancient times; in earlier times in modern times， at the present day当今on May Dayon winter dayon Decenber 12th 1950on

16、 Sunday 在星期天 on Mondayon Tuesday morning 但last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上; on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。 年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in 例： on the morning of 18th 收音、农场，值日on 例：I heard the news over (or on) the radio. on TV 从电视里. hear something on the wirelessMy brother works on an Army reclamation farm. Who is on d

17、uty, tody? 关于、基础、靠、著论 例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. Theory must be based on practice. The people in the south live on rice. The citizens live on their salaries. You cant afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a monthHer pet dogs were fed on t

18、he choicest foodHe is just a scrounger, who lives on other people.The enemy are on the run (=running). on后接the加上一个作名词的动词其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如： on the march在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl徘徊，on the move活动中，on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意, 警戒，on the watch监视着。on the hop趁不备抓住某

19、人等等。 on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship和 on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship on Coalition Government 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准 注：口诀中的着是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。 例： on fire. on strike. on sale do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地) Ive come here on business.。 They went to Bern on

20、 a mission. She came to see you on purpose. They has been away on a long trip.Ill go home on leave next month. “This lunch is on me.” No. lets go Dutch. On the contraryP1ease come on time. (on schedule). in time 及时 特定时间和一就，左右on后动名词 例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.On entering the ro

21、om, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 以及on the left, right向左向右，on the stair在台阶上等。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage用in 例：On foot on horse on donkey.You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢! in cab和in carriage 不能用on或by cab或carrige。 at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心 即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以速率、温度、在日落时、在核心要用at。 例：At the foot of t

22、he mountain.At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball. Whos standing there at the door?I dont need the dictionary at present.The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. at home 在国内，在家里at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10度 a

23、t the rate of 45 miles an hour at a good price 高价 at that time 在当时 Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset.at daybreak The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party.At the beginning of this term the teach

24、er in charge of our class was very strict with us.常见的介词带to的短语归纳同学们在高中阶段的英语学习中，常常会遇见许多含有to的短语，而其中有些短语所含的to为介词，他的后面要求接名词、动名词或代词。往往容易将这种情况与不定式相混淆，为了区别记忆，现将常见的介词带to的短语归纳如下：be / get / become used to 习惯于 be given to 喜欢；癖好 be related to 与有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于；对上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于；专心于b

25、e devoted to 致力于；忠诚于 be admitted to 被录取；准进入 be reduced to 沦为 reduceto使沦为be attached to附属于；喜欢；依恋 be adjusted to 适应be known to 为所知 be married to 和结婚be sentenced to被判处 be connected to 和连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于；遭受 be compared to 被比喻成 compare to把比作be engaged to 与订婚be / become / get accustomed to / accustom

26、ed to 惯于；有习惯be engaged to 与订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致object to反对；不喜欢；不赞成 put ones mind to全神贯注于give rise to 引起 look forward to 盼望 stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意 attend to 专心；注意；照料 see to 负责；注意contribute to对作贡献；有助于 make contributions to对作贡献apply oneself to 致力于 come close to几乎；将近 reply to 回答add to 增

27、加 add up to 加起来in addition to除之外 turn to转向；求助于 feel up to 能胜任于 look up to 尊敬admit to承认 belong to 属于 take to 喜爱；开始cling to 附着 fall to 开始 respond to 回答；对作出回应accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于 amount to等于prefer to更喜欢set an example to 给树立榜样 refer to 谈到；参考；查阅 agree to sth. 同意某事 （比较：agree to do sth. 同意做某事）prefer

28、to更喜欢 take / make a trip to到地方去jointo把和 连接起来 turn a blind eye to对视而不见turn a deaf ear to 对充耳不闻 show honor to向表示敬意 put an end to(bring to an end) 结束 set fire to 放火烧drink (a toast) to 为干杯propose a toast to 提议happen to 发生了事 occur to sb. 想起；想到 total up to 总计达be close to 几乎；将近 hold to 坚持；抓住 help oneself t

29、o 随便用hold on to 抓住；固守 do harm to 对有害处 do wrong to 冤枉某人date back to 追溯到 when it comes to 谈到时come to 来到；达到；结果为 (比较：come to do sth逐渐做某事)give an eye to着眼于 have an eye to doing 打算 the key to 的答案 describe to 向描述 treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃trust sth. to sb.把某物委托给某人 pay a visit to 参观access to 进入；取得的方法 be a stran

30、ger to 不习惯；对陌生 on ones way to 在去某处的路上；在达成某事的过程中be kind to 对和善 be important to 对重要 be senior to 年龄长于be equal to 和相等 be particular to 所特有的（比较：be particular about 对过于讲究；挑剔） be subject to 服从；隶属；易遭受患be familiar to 为 熟悉 be similar to 和相似be open to 对开放 be loyal to 对忠诚 be helpful to对有益处 be useful to对有用be go

31、od to sb对某人好 （比较：be good for 对有益处）be bad to 对不好 be bad for（比较：对有害处）be new to 对不习惯；对陌生 as to 关于；至于next to（否定词前）几乎； be due to do sth.预定要做某事next to 的旁边 due to 由于；归因于thanks to 多亏了；由于owing to 由于；因的缘故 in / with regard to 关于in /with relation to 关于；就而论 subject to 在条件下；依照be given to 沉溺于 be related to 与相关 get

32、 down to着手做 lead to 着手做 object to / be opposed to 反对 put ones mind to全神贯注于 be equal to 胜任 devote oneself to献身于 give rise to 引起 look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 lead to通向 see to 负责 access to 接近(某地的)方法 be addicted to 沉溺于 对上瘾 according to 根据 contribute to 为作贡献 如：1. access to 接近,进入(某地的)方法; 通路The o

33、nly access to that building is along that muddy track.到那栋建筑的唯一通路是沿着那条泥泞的路走。2. according to 按照,依照,视而定The work was done according to his instructions.那工作是依照他的指示做的。3. be addicted to 沉溺于,对上瘾He became addicted to the drug.他上了毒瘾。4. belong to 属于This dictionary belongs to me.这本词典是我的。5. contribute to 为做贡献,为撰

34、稿Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.人人都应该尽自己的能力为社会做贡献。6. devote to 献身，致力于He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.他一生献身于帮助残疾人。7. due to 因为,由于而起His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。8. be equal to 与相当,有能力胜任的Bill is quite

35、 equal to running the office.比尔的能力足以管理这个部门。9. get close to 靠近,接近Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。10. get down to 开始做某事,认真处理某事Its time I got down to some serious work.我该认真干点正事了。11. hold to 忠于,坚持,遵循Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.不管你怎样争辩,我将坚持我的决定。12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,饮料等)Help yourself to a cigarette.请随便用香烟吧。13. look forward to 盼望,期待We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.我们非常盼望再见到你。 14. lead to 导致This misprint led to great confusion.这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。15. preferto两者间更喜欢I prefer walking to cycli