英语句子复习 2

1、 构词法 专项复习主备人 王 文 丽时间2014.3.281、 典型题例1.They waited and waited for something _ to happen.A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. to excite解析：根据题干所给，所选词应作不定代词something的定语，故应用形容词，排除A 和D。又excited用于强调人的感受，所以答案为C。2. The story is _ and all of us are _ in it.A. interest; interesting B. interesting; interestC. in

2、terested; interesting D. interesting; interested解析：be 后用形容词，而且主语story是物，所以第一个空应该用interesting,主语all of us 是人而且 be interested in 是固定用法，所以第二个空应该用interested,故选D。3. The trip to Nanjing was _ and everyone was _ with it. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleasant C. pleased; pleased D. pleasant; pleasant解析：

3、句意为：去南京的旅行很令人高兴，每个人对此都很满意。pleasant 常用作定语，修饰事物。pleased常用作表语，主语是常为人，修饰人的情感，意为“人感到高兴的”。故选A。4. You must wear glasses. They can keep your eyes _. A. soft B. safe C. safely D. safety解析：句意为：你必须戴上眼镜，他们会使你的眼睛处于安全状态。“keep sth. + adj.” 就等于“make sth. + adj. “ 意为“使某物保持”。故选B。5. Boys and girls, feeling peaceful in

4、 the first step to become _ in the exam. So please take a deep breath and calm down.A. runners B. writers C. winners D. players解析：本题考查名词在语境中的应用。Runner“跑步者”， writer意义不对，player”运动员。在考试中应成为获胜者，故winners 符合题意。选C。二、知识梳理英语的构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。1. 两个词或两个以上独立的词结合在一起构成新词的方法叫合成法。比如单词bedroom, clas

5、smate, someone, anywhere, schoolbag, hometown, housework, friendship, blackboard 等。 2.转化法英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。1)动词转化为名词很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下)；有时意思有一定变化(如下)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下)。例如：Lets go out for a walk. 我们到外面去散散步吧。（此处walk是名词。） He often walks to school. 他

6、经常步行去上学。（此处walk 是动词。）He is a man of strong build. 他是一个体格健壮的汉子。（此处build是名词，“体型，体格”） The old man is building a new house.（此处build 是动词“建造”）Lets have a swim. 咱们游泳吧。 （此处swim是名词） They swam in the pool just now.刚才他们在游泳池里游泳。（此处swim是动词）1)前缀除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-

7、, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：appear出现disappear消失correct正确的incorrect不正确的lead带领mislead领错stop停下non-stop不停possible可能的impossiblehealthy健康的unhealthy 不健康的(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele

8、- (强调距离)等。例如：alone单独的antigas防毒气的autochart自动图表cooperate合作enjoy使高兴internet互联网reuse再用subway地铁telephone电话2)后缀英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence或-ce，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ful (一)，-ian (精通的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness

9、(性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如：different不同的difference不同点 important（重要的）importance（重要性）silent（沉默的 silence（沉默）write写writer作家 listen（听） listener（听众）visit（游览，拜访）visitor（旅游者）Japan日本Japanese日本人 India（印度） Indian（印度的，印度人）act表演actress女演员 wait（等待）waitress（女服务员）mouth口mouthful一口 hope（希望） hopeful（有希望的）music音乐musician音

10、乐家 decide（决定，计划）decision（计划）introduce（介绍） introduction（介绍） discuss（讨论） discussion（讨论） develop（发展）development（发展）(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使化)，-ize (使成为)。例如：widewiden加宽 beautybeautify美化 purepurify提纯realrealize意识到 organorganize组织(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able (有能力的)，如：reason道理reasonable有道理的-(a)n(某

11、国人的)，如：America美国American美国的Australia澳大利亚 Australian 澳大利亚的Europe（欧洲） European（欧洲的）-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，如：gold金子golden金的-ern (方向的)，如：east东eastern东方的 north北northern 北方的 south南southern南方的 west西western西方的-ese(某国人的)，如：China中国Chinese中国人的 Japan 日本 Japanese 日本人的-ful，如：careful; beautiful; wonderful; useful; help

12、ful; harmful-(ic)al，如：nature自然natural自然的 person人 personal 个人的 internation国际 international国际的reason道理reasonable有道理的-ish，如：child孩子childish孩子气的-less (表示否定)，如：careless粗心的 useless 没有用处的-y (表示天气)，如：sun太阳 sunny 有阳光的 rain雨 rainy下雨的 sand 沙 sandy 有沙的 fog 雾 foggy 有雾的 snow雪snowy雪的 cloud风 cloudy多风的-ed（修饰人），如：sur

13、prised; relaxed ;excited; interested; moved；amazed等。-ing（修饰物），如：surprising; relaxing; exciting; interesting; moving; amazing等。 (4)构成副词的常用后缀有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)， (主要用例如：angry生气的angrily生气地 slow慢的 slowly 慢慢地 happy 高兴的 happily 高兴地 easy容易的 easily容易的 polite 礼貌的 politely有礼貌地 (5)构成数词的后缀有-teen (十几)，-ty (几

14、十)，-th (构成序数词)。如： fifteen 十五 fourteen 十四twenty二十twentieth第二十 twelve十二twelfth第二十 four四forty第四 forty四十fortieth第四十 five五 fifth第五中考链接 1.I paid a visit to Ms Smith yesterday evening. She didnt look _, but she said she was getting on all night.A. as worried as ever B. as happy as usual C. happier than D.

15、as happily as usual解析：look 是连系动词，后面跟形容词。 as usual 表示“和往常一样”， 没有as ever 的说法。句意是：她看起来不如平常开心，但是她说她会好起来的。 选B。2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his_ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 解析：句意是“这位士兵是因为抢救那个孩子牺牲的，所以他的死重于泰山。his 后跟名词，death 是名词，die是动词“死亡”，过去式是died。dead是形容词“死亡的”。故

16、选D。3.The child looked _at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sader D. sad 解析：look此处是系动词“看起来”，后跟形容词。此处不需要比较级，sad是形容词“伤心的”，故选D。4.Linda felt very _ after the long way, so she stopped to have a rest.Asurprised B. tiring C. tired D. excited.解析：Linda感到疲惫的，以-ed结尾的形容词修饰人，所以选C。5. _ Jac

17、k is a(n) _ young man. _ Thats true. He always feels nervous when she speaks before people.A. friendly B. shy C. honest D. lively解析：根据下半句可知当他在众人面前讲话他总是很紧张，所以他很害羞的，shy 符合，选B。6. Some factories poured waste water into rivers, they p_ our environment.解析：一些工厂将脏水倒入河里，他们污染了环境。又因为本句话是一般过去时，所以是polluted。7. Th

18、ey all went to the mountains e_ Li Lei, because he is ill in hospital.解析：他们都去了大山除了李雷，因为他生病住院了。except是排除在外的意思。8. He looked for his keys e_, but finally he didnt find them anywhere.解析：他到处找他的钥匙，但是最后却没有找到。everywhere到处，四处，等于here and there，答案是everywhere。9. Some students look s_ in class because they stay

19、up late at night.一些学生因为熬夜到很晚，所以在课上昏昏欲睡的。look 后跟形容词 sleepy,所以答案是sleepy.10. It is i_ for us to finish the work in two hours, we only have two people.解析：我们只有两个人，所以对我们两个人来说两小时之内完成是不可能的。impossible是不可能的。专项练习1.He is the _ of the bank, many people go to the concert to enjoy his performance. A. lead B. leadi

20、ng C. leader D. leadership 2.When the teacher praised him for working out the math problem，Jack looked _about at his classmates. A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. sad3.To everyones _，the girl finished the job quite well. A. satisfied B. satisfactory C. satisfying D. satisfaction 4. How was your weeken

21、d?- Great! It was my grandfathers _ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves. A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth5. The baby is sleeping. Please speak _. A. loudly B. clearly C. quietly D. politely(2013滨州)6.My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the_ news about Iraq War? A. latel

22、y B. latest C. later D. latter 7.Youd better give up smoking if you want to keep _. A. health B. healthy C. healthily D. healthier 8. As soon as she went to bed she fell _. A. sleeping B. sleep C. slept D. asleep9. You are _ to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesnt

23、 get bored. A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed10.She has two i_, reading books and watching TV.11. To our s_, he came back on a rainy night.12. Its i_ to learn a foreign language in a day. 13. Yao Mings achievements i_ raising money for charity.14. France is a _（欧洲）country.15. Mo Yan is

24、 a famous writer. He has written many _(成功) books that are translated into foreign languages.16. He had a s_ because he ate something bad and cold.17. The students should listen to teachers c_in class.18. Some p_ （私人的）things are in her drawer.19. He has some d_ learning English, so his English is po

25、or.20. Its _（有害的）to drink everyday.21. Parents should learnt how to c_（交流） better with their children.22.Some students are having lunch in the d_ hall at school.23. His parents are worried about his _（疾病）. 句子种类 专项复习主备人惠德祥时间2014-03一、典型题例 1_ food youve cooked! A. How a nice B. What a niceC. How nice D

26、. What nice答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数)【2011扬州】2.Listen! Someone is playing the piano.Wow! _ beautiful music! I like it very much.A. WhatB. How a C. What a D. How答案：A【解析】感叹句。感叹句由how或what 引导。 其结构分别为“How+advadj+主语+谓语！”“What+a

27、an +adj+n+主语+谓语！”“What+adj+名词复数不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。把结构代入可知答案为B。二、知识梳理说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。Eg. Light travels faster than sound.陈述句按使用目的表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。Eg.What good news it is!感叹句提出请求，建议或发出命令。Eg.Sit down, please.祈使句一般疑问句Eg. Can you finish the work in time?提出问题。疑问句特殊疑问句Eg. Where do you live?选择疑问句Eg. Do you want te

28、a or coffee?反意疑问句Eg.He doesnt know her, does he? (中考取消考察)只包含一个主谓结构句子Eg. She is fond of collecting stamps.简单句按结构包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子Eg. The food was good, but he had little appetite.并列句复合句包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子Eg. The film had begun when we got to the cinema.Eg. I work.主语+不及物动词Eg. John is busy.主语+系动词 + 表语Eg

29、. She studies English.主语+谓语动词 + 宾语基本句型Eg. Time would prove me right.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾补Eg. My mother made me a new dress.主语+谓语动词+ 间宾 + 直宾三、中考链接（含解析）【2011崇左】1. Could you get home at five oclock? _ Ill have a meeting at that time. A. I hope so. B. Yes, I think so. C. Im afraid not. D. Im afraid so. 【解析】考查点：

30、交际用语。解题思路：A “我希望如此”，B “是的，我认为如此”，C “我恐怕不能”，D “我恐怕是这样”。根据问句：你能在五点到家吗？，我将在那时开会。故选C。2. There _ more cars now in our country. A. have B. are C. is D. has【解析】考查点：考察there be句型。解题思路：there be表示“有”与have 同意，在句中的主语是more cars可数名词的复数形式。故选B。3. _ are they talking about? Our English teacher.A. What B. Whom C. Whose

31、 D. When【解析】考查点：疑问词辨析。解题思路：what “什么”，对物提问，whom “谁”对人提问，whose “谁的”提问所属关系，when“什么时候”对时间提问。根据答语：我们的英语老师。所以问句应该是对人提问。故选B。【2011广西贵港】4.I hope the summer vacation will come soon. _.Its really relaxing. A. So I did B. So I do C. So did I D. So do I答案：【解析】考查点：so引导的倒装句。解题思路：根据答句中“它真的非常轻松”可判定答语表示“我也希望”，后者与前者的所

32、表示的内容一样时，用倒装句so+助动词+主语，且本句的时态是一般现在时态，故选D。【2011广西贵港】5.Lily,_ do you study for a math best? By asking my teacher for help.A. how B. who C. why D. what答案：【解析】考查点：疑问词辨析。解题思路：how “怎样”对方式提问, who “谁”对人提问,why“为什么”对原因提问, what “什么”对物提问，根据答语回答的是方式，故选A。【2011梧州】6. We lost the soccer game, _ everyone of us played

33、 very well.A. because B. though C. or D. so【解析】连词的考察 此处是让步状语从句“尽管我们我们每个人踢得非常好，但是我们还是输掉了足球比赛”应用though引导。【答案】B【2011广西玉林】7._ it is very late, _ my mother is still at work.A. Although; but B. Although; and C. Although; / D. Although; or【解析】考查点：连词的用法。解题思路：although意为“尽管，即使”引导让步状语从句，but意为“但是”，并列连词表示转折的意思。两

34、者不能同时用在一个句子中。根据句意可知选C。【2011哈尔滨】8. The CCTV reported that Premier Wen Jiahao played basketball with some students on Children Day. ! And Premier Wen always encourages us to study hard and do more sports.A. What amazing news B. How amazing news C. What an amazing news【解析】考查感叹句 news是不可数名词，所以不用an和how，所以

35、选择答案A.【2011湖南衡阳】9. Nanyue is a small town, we can see many tourists who come from different parts of the world there. A. Because B. Unless C. Although【解析】连词的考查。although引导的让步状语从句。答案：C10.Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday. .Lets go together.A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I【解析】考查倒装句。So+系动词

36、（助动词或情态动词）主语，表示“另一者也”。答案：C【2012山东济宁】11.Peter doesnt know many people here._.A.So do I B.So am I C. Neither am I D. Neither do I【答案】【解析】考查倒装句。题干是否定句，故用neither;根据doesnt know 可知，用助动词do , 故选D。【2011无锡】12._ Amy likes to go to the cinema, but she doesnt like to see horror films. A. Since B. As C. Though D.

37、 不填答案：英语中though与but不能同时出现在同一个句子中，句中已有but，故答案选D。 【2011无锡】13._ is it to your home town from here? Well, it takes a little over three hours to get there by coach. A. How soon B. How much C. How long D. How far答案：对距离提问用how far“多远”，故答案选D。【2011乌鲁木齐】14. There _ going to be a basketball match this afternoon

38、.A. are B. is C. have D. will【解析】主谓一致的考察 在there be句型中be与后面的真正主语保持一致，a basketball match单数形式，故用is。【2011乌鲁木齐】15. _ is it from your home to school?A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often【解析】特殊句式 句意为“从你家到学校有多远” How far “多远”； How long “多长，多长（时间）”；How soon“多久”， How often“多久一次” 【答案】A【2011乌鲁木齐】16. Di

39、d you go to Nancys birthday party last night? Yes. I did.A. So did Tim B. So Tim did C. Tim did so D. Tim went so【解析】特殊句式 So+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。表示前面叙述的情况也适合后者。【答案】A【2011乌鲁木齐】17. _ Lily _ Lucy is going with you because one of them must slay at home.A. Not only；but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. E

40、ither; or【解析】连词的考察Not only；but also “不但而且”； Neither; nor “既不也不” Both; and “和”；Either; or“或者或者”，由下文“他们中的一个必须呆在家里”，可知“或者露西或者莉莉与你一起去” 【答案】D【2011扬州】18.He had to retire(退休) early _ poor health.A. as a resultB. becauseC. soD. because of【解析】连词考查。Because与because of都表示原因，但because必须引导句子，而because of后跟名词。答案：D【2

41、011云南昆明】19. Its raining outside! Put on your raincoat, _ youll get wet. A. and B. but C. or D. though【解析】考查点：连词辨析。解题思路：根据语境“穿上雨衣，否则你就会淋湿”,选择C四、专项练习陈述句和疑问句：1、Theyhappy when they hear the news. AwillBwill beCwereDdont2、Sheme only twice since last year.AseesBwas seeingChas seenDhave seen3、Youmake such

42、mistakes again.Ashould neverBshould not alwaysCwould always notDwould not forever4、Tomlike reading at all. Heinterested in playing basketball.Adoesnt, isBdoesnt, wereCis, doesDwas, is5、Shall we stay at home orto the park?Ato goBgoingCgoDwill go .感叹句、祈使句1、from Beijing to London! AHow long way it isBW

43、hat a long way it isCWhat a long way is itDHow long a way is it2、Oh, John, you gave us!AHow a pleasant surpriseBHow pleasant surpriseCWhat a pleasant surpriseDWhat pleasant surprise3、terrible weather weve been having these days!AHow aBWhat aCHowDWhat4、girl she is!AWhat bright aBHow a brightCHow brig

44、ht anDWhat a bright5、we have today?AHow fine dayBWhat fine dayCHow a fine dayDWhat a fine day6、Howflowers are!AbeautifulBbeautifullyCbeautiful theDbeautiful that 7、Whatwork he does!AharderBhardChardlyDhardest8、advice he gave us!AWhat aBHow goodCWhat goodDHow9、I wish to pay a visit to Hongkong! AHow

45、doBWhat doCWhatDHow 10、long time it lasted! AWhatBWhat aCHowDHow a 11、down the radio. The babys sleeping in the next room.ATurningBTo turnCTurnDTurned12、Letsfootball in the street.Anot to playBnot playCdont playDnot playing 113、careful when you cross the street. ADont beBDo beCBeingDDo14、the childal

46、l day long! ALet, not to cryBNot let, cryCDont let, to cryDDont let, cry15、afraid of making mistakes!ADont beBNot to beCNot beingDBe not 简单句的五种基本类型及There be结构 专项复习主备人曹会兰时间2014-03一、 典型题例1. We live in Shanxi Province. Shes our beautiful home. We all love. A. him B. them C. her D. she2. This isntfootba

47、ll. Tom, you leftat school. A. you; your B. your; yoursC. yours; your D. your; you3. Zhang Ming is good at math. He often helpswith it. A. I B. me C. my D. mine4. He made a fire _ himself _ warm. A. make; to keep B. to make; to keep C. to make; keep D. make; keep5.- You look very tired this morning.

48、 What did you do yesterday afternoon? - I did _ Christmas shopping. A. a lot of B. few C. the number of D. a piece of6.-Betty, you dont look well. Whats wrong?-I have got a fever.-_. Youd better go to see a doctor.A Im sorry to hear that B Oh, mine C Its all right D You look bad7.-Would you mind ope

49、ning the window?-_. Its very hot and wet in the room.A Of course B Not at all C Thats all right D Youre welcome. 8.-Dont kick balls on the road, boys!-Sorry. _.A We will B We shall C We wont D We arent9. -_ will she stay here?-For _.A How soon; one hour and a half B How long; one and a half hoursC H

50、ow soon; one and a half hours D How long; one hour and a half10-_ will you stay in Shenzhen for your holiday?-For about two weeks.A How often B How long C How soon D What time二、知识梳理 简单句：只含一个主谓结构的句子叫做简单句。简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成, 其他各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来.简单句的基本句型： 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 ( S + V +O ) 主语+ 不及物动词 ( S + V ) 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 ( S + V +P ) 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 ( S + V + IO + DO ) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语( S + V + O + C ) There be 句型1)主语+ 不及物动词 ( S + V ) S + V此句型的特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面 不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如:The boys are swimming happily. 男孩们在快乐地游泳。He laughed.John has re