变频器的控制方式

1、Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Rev 5058-CO900E COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Internal Use Only Copyright 2014 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Rev 5058-CO900E COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Internal Use Only 变频器的控制方式 恒生.王谦 2015年6月10日 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. A

2、ll Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 基本控制类型 V/F控制控制 Volts/Hertz Control (V/Hz) 无速度无速度传传感器矢量控制感器矢量控制 Sensorless Vector Control (SVC) 磁通矢量控制磁通矢量控制 Flux Vector Control (FVC) 磁磁场场定向控制定向控制 Field Oriented Control Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY

3、 CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only . Volts/Hertz Control (V/Hz) Sensorless Vector Control (SVC) Sensorless Flux Vector Control (FVC) Sensorless Field Oriented Control (FOC) Field Oriented Control (FOC) Basic Volts/HertzVector ControlField Oriented Control Motor Control Types Flux Vector Control (FVC)

4、 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only V/F控制 控制是一种基本的控制方式 在变频器的输出端，电压和频率相应变化 主要应用场合：风机、水泵 最常用的电机控制模式 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only V/F曲线 变频器保持电压和频率成线性关系 460 Vac /

5、 60 Hz = 7.667 V/Hz 230 Vac / 60 Hz = 3.833 V/Hz 为什么比例这么重要？ Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 欧姆定律 什么是欧姆定律? V=IR 什么是电机的 “R”? R = 感抗(XL) 阻值微不足道 什么是XL? XL = 2FL V = I (2FL) 一个380V电机运行在50Hz， 如果电机的感抗是38欧姆， 流过电机绕组的电流有多大？ 10 A. 如果电压保持不变，

6、而频率 减小到30Hz，那么电流将 会是什么情况？ 20 A! 所以，电压必须随频率发生变化 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only V/F 控制图 Current Limit monitors motor current and alters frequency command Slip Compensation alters frequency reference during load changes Plus II Pow

7、erFlex 4,40, 40P, 70 PowerFlex 700 Std PowerFlex 700 Vector PF700S Phase II PF755 PF753 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only V/F 机械特性曲线 缺点：低速时输出转矩极小 Per Unit Torque Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY

8、 CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only Volts/Hertz Control 如何控制低频时的转矩损失呢？ Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 曲线定义 The V/Hz output of the drive can be custom configured with the following parameters to increase torque performance at lower

9、 frequencies. - Start/Acc Boost - Run Boost - Break Voltage - Break Frequency Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 风机水泵控制 可变转矩电流 风机水泵应用 负载随速度的增加而增加 用于增加效率和节能 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFID

10、ENTIAL - Internal Use Only SVC控制 SVC是 用到了V/F的核心 提供比V/F更好的起动转矩 在整个调速范围内提供比V/F控制更好的转矩特性 需要在电机上执行一个自整定程序 SVC不是 要求一个反馈设备 转矩调节 速度调节 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 自整定/启动 自整定识别电机参数 磁通电流 IR 电压降 漏电感 测试 输入电机铭牌 正确的测试很关键 Voltage, FLA, Hz,

11、RPM, Power, Poles 方向 自整定 旋转 静态 计算 惯量 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 电机电流 Flux Producing Component- Id Torque Producing Component - Iq Total Current (FLA)- It So what is the relationship? 22 IqIdIt Id Load 1 Load 2 Iq It It Copyr

12、ight 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only SVC控制图 1336 Plus II PowerFlex 40, 40P, 70, 70EC PF700 Series A PF700H PF700 VC PF755 PF753 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only SVC控制机械特

13、性曲线 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FVC控制 FVC控制模式能够提供更加精确的速度和转矩精度及动态响 应能力。 励磁电流和转矩电流可以分别独立控制。 用于需要高性能速度调节和转矩调节的场合。 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FVC控制图闭环 PF

14、70 EC PF700 VC PF753 PF755 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FVC控制图开环 PF70 EC PF700 VC PF753 PF755 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FVC 机械特性 Copyright 2015 Rockw

15、ell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FOC控制 磁场定向控制变频器可以提供最佳的速度和转矩调节性能，用 于对转矩和励磁电流分量进行控制。 它提供了近似直流调速的性能，非常适用于典型的直流应用场 合。 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only 矢量 Vector Control 通过确认转矩电流、励磁电流等

16、矢量信息，能够更好的 控制电机的转矩和速度。 Field Oriented Control 精确的控制一个电机的励磁和转矩的目的是更加目的是 更加精确的实现转矩控制和功率控制。 FOC是罗克韦尔取得专利的控制技术，比FVC有更宽的带宽。 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FOC控制图闭环 1336 Force 1336 Impact PF700S I and II Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automa

17、tion, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FOC控制图闭环 1336 Force 1336 Impact PF700S I and II Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only FOC 机械特性曲线 Copyright 2015 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. COM

18、PANY CONFIDENTIAL - Internal Use Only PowerFlex 家族电机控制方式 V/HZSensorlessFVCFOCPM PF4 & 4Myes nonono PF40 & 40Pyes yesnono PF400yes nonono PF70yes yesnono PF70 ecyes yesyesno PF700 Stdyes yesnono PF700 VCyes yesyesno PF700Hyes yesnono PF700S Ino yesnoyesyes PF700S IIyes yesnoyesyes PF700L*yes yesyesyesyes PF755yes yesyesnoyes P