施工组织精品课程双语教学

1、chapter 1 he highway construction organizes general outline 1-1 the content and characteristic of road construction:1. the light maintenance and maintenance of highway engineering: 1.1 the highway engineering is driven a vehicle on the function of the black natural factor and damaging constantly in

2、the course of using altogether, for instance: some hole trough, the crack, etc, through fixed and irregular maintenance, the highway could satisfy the normal use. light maintenance and maintaining is one of the most important contents after the road is constructed1.2the repair and technology alterat

3、ion in the highway engineering restricted by such respects as the material, structure, equipment, etc, the highway different parts have different life-span. although some parts are maintained, the highway cant be used forever, in certain years; some composition department will lose its function and

4、need to be rebuilt. alteration in road course, roadbed width, improving road surface belongs to technology alteration.1.3 basic construction of the highway engineering:in order to satisfy the need of production an transportation ,the highway must be built newly, rebuilt and altered to achieve capita

5、l asserts reconstruction, enhance, the traffic ability is extended continually. 2. relation of contents of road construction:2.1 common characteristics:2.1.1 all are capital asserts indispensable component.2.1.2 need to consume certain manpower and materials and financial resources2.2 difference: ca

6、pital sources are different: the payment of maintain, updating and technique innovation are from the fund of maintaining a road, however, the funds of newly building project are from infrastructural investment.management mode is different: (1) light maintenance is arranged and managed by the departm

7、ent with the responsibility of maintaining the road. (2) great maintenance and technological innovation is planned by the department with the responsibility of maintaining the road. after authorized by superior, they will arrange it by themselves. the mission of newly building, enlargement building

8、and rebuilding will be made known to lower levels by a director of the province. the missions arranged into the plan of infrastructure of our country should be executed according to prescript.3. characteristic of the highway constructioncharacteristic of the highway building products: 3.1 fixity of

9、products.3.2 variety of products: material, structure, grade, standard, etc. 3.3 the form of the products is huge.3.4 some structure vulnerability of products. 4. technique economic characteristic of the highway construction:4.1 construction mobility is great. 4.2 the cooperating level is high: the

10、supplying of materials and machines, taches in construction.4.3period of constructing is long: the arrangement of schedule.4.4 the environment and nature factors have a great impact.1-2 infrastructure of highway engineering1. the definition and content of infrastructure1.1 infrastructure: it means t

11、he building, acquiring and fixing capital asserts, it also means the departments of the countrys economy carrying out construct job in order to reinforcing capital asserts.1.2 the definition and content of highway infrastructure: highway infrastructure: meaning building, purchase and fixing activiti

12、es of capital asserts related with highway transportation, also the related job such as reconnaissance, design, confiscating ground.the contents:1.3. the installation and construction project1.3.1construction work: road bed, road surface, bridges and culverts, etc. equipments construction work: all

13、kinds of engines, equipments and instruments need installation and testing during highway and great bridges are built.1.3.2 the purchasing of equipments, tools, instruments: 1.3.3 other basic construction work: reconnaissance, design, confiscating the land for use, dismantling etc.2 the composition

14、of the basic construction items: 2.1 the basic construction items: every project of basic construction. meaning a construction project that designing in collectivity, independent accounting and having impendent organization in administration.2.2 work item(engineering project): a composition of basic

15、 construction, such as: independent major or middle bridge ,tunnel in highway construction.2.3 a unit of project of dependent project: a composition of work item. it cant bring throughput independently, but can be constructed independently, such as: route, bridge, culvert, etc.2.4 partial works of a

16、 unit project: a composition of a unit project of a dependent project. such as: subgrade, pavement, superstructure and substructure, etc.2.5 construction operation work: a composition of partial works of a unit project. it can be divided according to configuration, materials, construction methods. s

17、uch as: cofferdam, excavation work, building foundation, back filling, etc.3.the procedure of capital construction:3.1 definition: the order of all kinds of job of capital construction project during the process of construction. 3.2 significance: capital construction project involves much more thing

18、s, and will be strictly restricted by geology, weather, hydrological geology, resource supplying and technique level, etc. it also need every procedure cooperating with each other and constructed according to integrated design.3.3 the procedure of capital construction:3.3.1 proposals for the project

19、:according to long term national economy programming and highway programming, proposals for the project are put forward. it is the basis of all the preparative work, the explanation of the capital construction target, demand, material and capital resource, it is also the basis of feasibility study r

20、eport.3.3.2 feasibility study:regulation: all the newly built or enlarge built large and medium project and all the capital construction project that using foreign capital should carry out feasibility study.sort: according to the depth of studying, it can be divided into preliminary feasibility stud

21、y and preliminary study.request: the invest offset distance between feasibility study and initial design shouldnt exceed 10%. contents: the basis of the construction project, integrated transport network and the status and function of the project in the integrated transport network. the technical co

22、ndition and fitting degree of the original highway; discussing the economy level of item locus, studying the relationship between economy developing and the project; forecasting traffic and transportation growing level; the projects geographical position, land configuration, earthquake, climate, hyd

23、rographic geology, etc; the resource of highway materials and conveying condition. demonstrating origin-destination of different route, construction scale, standard, and then bring forward recommended project. evaluating the affection to the environment, estimating major quantities, the number of la

24、nd acquisition and removal, estimating amount of investment, putting forward the financing style, bringing forward the ideas of reconnaissance, design, construction arrangement, conforming transportation cost and related economy parameter, carrying out economy evaluation.3.3.3 design document (1) ty

25、pe and applying item:one-stage design: mini type item that technique simple and scheme obvious two-stage design: general projectthree-stage design: the item that has complex technique and the experience is absent.(2) initial design: according to the approved feasibility studying report, studying out

26、 construction principle, choosing design scheme, calculating quantities, bringing forward the ideas of construction scheme, working out general estimate , providing explanation and digram.after initial design was ratified, it will be a basis of investment and working out document of our country, it

27、also is the basis of purchasing and committing materials, implement, arranging great experiment item.technique design: according to the approved initial design and complementary exploration survey document, the great and complex technique problem will be solved by scientific experiment, monographic

28、study, deepen exploration survey and analyzing, comparing. (3)construction document design: approving construction principle, design scheme,; specific and deepen technique, finally quantities were confirmed. explanation, construction management plan and graph, chart were put forward; working drawing

29、 estimate was worked out.3.3.4 to place on capital construction plan of a year:after initial design document and general estimate document were authorized, the project can be arranged into capital construction plan of our country. development organization can control and work out capital constructio

30、n plan of a year according to the plan of our country.3.3.5 construction preparationdevelopment organization should set up capital construction management institute, handling register and removal problems, dealing with the cooperation job of related organization. preparing for materials, equipments

31、and technique information.3.3.6. organizing constructionconstruction organization organizes construction reasonably according to construction procedure. during the construction, in order to ensure the quality of engineering, specification for construction and design command should be complied.3.3.7

32、completion test, commissioningcompletion test includes examination to the quality, sum, time limit, throughput, construction scale and using condition of engineering; also includes handing-over bill, explanation of embedded construction and actual budget of a completed project, especially the actual

33、 budget of a completed project. it is all-around document that reflect consumption cost of the whole capital construction, it also can sum up the whole construction work by currency index.when all the construction work have been checked and accepted, it should be handed over production department im

34、mediately and transacted the delivering formality, strengthen the management power of capital asserts.the project of curing and maintenance: refresh and technology alteration, and it should be carried out according to capital construct procedure and some regular constituted by ministry of communicat

35、ions in principle.4.capital construction investment: fund constitution:4.1 capital construction investment: all the finance needed during the period from preparation to construct to checking and accepted, until the project was delivered.4.2 the investment source of capital construction in our countr

36、y4.2.1 state investment: fund will be arranged step by step by state budget, finance appropriated funds.4.2.2 local investment: besides state budget, every local department will raise money according to the state regular.4.2.3 loan from bank: according to the principle of credit free will, bank will

37、 be the principle part. the bank will earn the interest according to economic contract and the period will no longer than 10 years.4.2.4. foreign capital: at the direction of state policy, foreign advanced technology and capital will be introduced activity and carefully in order to offset lack of co

38、nstruction capital in our country, accelerating the development of economy construction in our country.4.2.5. other fund source: affiliation source, stock investment, emitting bound, etc.highway transportation is in tense, construction funds are short in our country. policy of developing communicati

39、on: establish special funds for highway construction; increase highway maintenance tax; asses upon appended tax when buying automobile; raise funds and loan building highway, single great bridge, drawing in some money in order to pay for the interest. ensure the return of energy resource and communi

40、cation funds, executing the policy of “labor instead of reliever” and other measures. all the measures are to maintain the long term and stable source.1-3 highway construction procedureconstruction procedure: meaning the procedure that construction organization should obey during the period from acc

41、epting construction task to project completion.including: accepting construction task, given construction contract, construction management, check and accept. 1.given construction contract1.1 there is three kind of style that construction organization accept construction task:1.1.1. superior departm

42、ent disposal task uniformly, arrange plan.1.1.2. agreed by superior, construction organization accept task from other enterprise. 1.1.3. bidding and gain task.1.2 the request when accepting task1.2.1. investigating and verifying whether the project has been to place on state construction plan.1.2.2.

43、 feasibility study report and initial design document (or construction document design) and general estimate or budget document have been ratified.1.3 styles of accepting task1.3.1 given construction contract to be affirmed1.3.2 contents of construction contract: basis of contract, style of contract

44、, works scope, construction quality, construction period, project cost, supplying of technique and materials, styles of appropriated funds and settling account, clause of rewards and punishment, etc.2.construction preparation:2.1 sense of construction preparation:2.1.1 construction preparation can e

45、stablish necessary technique and substance conditions that planning project needed 2.1.2 construction preparation is the basis of managing for results, carrying out technique and economy contract. working out construction management plan.2.1.3 ensure construction work trouble-free operation.2.1.4. u

46、tilizing enterprises predominance, supplying materials reasonably, accelerating construction speed, improving construction quality, reducing project cost.2.2 technique preparation:2.2.1 be familiar with and check design document, drawings and related datum.(1) arrangement of every kind of plan; whet

47、her drawings and datum accord with related policy of our country; whether the drawings is all ready; whether there are mistakes and contraction in contents.be in control of design contents and technique conditions, project scale, structure characters and form;(2) whether the datum of hydrology, geol

48、ogy weather, rocks and so on that design document based on is nicety, reliable and already. （3）check the route, control point; position of structure, seize, etc.（4）interference from other structure and the solution.（5）the measure to badness plot in geology.（6）whether construction scheme, layout of s

49、tock ground, transportation style and road condition is according to practice.（7）whether the lay out of temporary establishment is suitable.（8）whether all the written agreements are already.（9）ensure construction period.2.2.2 supply survey datum.2.2.3 work out construction management plan that can b

50、e put in to practice.2.2.4 organizing personnel sent in advance, preparing logistics.2.3.preparing for job location. 2.3.1. measuring occupying floor area and the scope of land expropriated 2.3.2 level off ground and construction staking-out.2.3.3 built temporary establishment.2.3.4. lay out of stoc

51、k ground2.3.5 fulfill materials supplying.2.3.6 establish construction site testing laboratory.2.3.7 set up construction institute, educating before in post.3.construction management:3.1 having been ready for construction, putting in starting report to supervise engineer, the construction department

52、 can start working after agreed.3.2 carrying out construction according to procedure and scheme, controlling construction period, investment and quality.3.3 document needed in construction management:(1) design document(2) specific and operating instructs for construction(3) every kind of quota(4) w

53、orking drawing estimate(5) construction management plan.(6) quality technique and evaluation standard for highway engineering and specific of construction checking and accepting for highway engineering.4.checking and accepting after checking and accepting.4.1. all the construction project and unit p

54、roject should be constructed according to design document.4.2. based on some related regulation, according to design document, quality evaluation , checking and accepting the project.1-4 investigate highway construction management.1.investigate highway construction management: the activities collect

55、ing and studying related datum for working out construction.2.the quality and stage of construction management investigate.2.1 survey and design stage: the investigation for working out construction management plan and has the property of survey and study.2.2. the stage of construction preparation:

56、the investigation for working out construction management plan and has the property of callback and complementarity.3.reconnaissance:3.1. job location and landform and geomorphy along the route.3.2. obstacle overground and inbuilt structure underground.3.3. others that must be surveyed practically.4

57、.collecting datum of construction management plan4.1. construction department and style of construction management4.2. weather datum4.3. hydrological geology4.4. technique economy(1) available buildings(2) outsourcing materials(3) materials exploited by oneself (4) local lobar4.5. transportation4.6.

58、water supply, current supply, communication 4.7. convenience goods supply and others.5.investigate general estimate and budget5.1 complementary prescript and related document from local government and staff function.5.2 construction management style and wage standard5.3 construction materials5.4 transportation 5.5 compensation for the land occupied and removal.5.6 cross5.7 available building and wat