2021-2022学年高中英语 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION单元检测新人教版选择性必修第四册VIP

1、2021-2022学年高中英语 unit 1 science fiction单元检测新人教版选择性必修第四册2021-2022学年高中英语 unit 1 science fiction单元检测新人教版选择性必修第四册年级：姓名：单元综合检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)acontrolling your food longings and dropping pounds fast is easy：just eat breakfast.the editors of “eat this，not that！” carried out research to deter

2、mine some best breakfast foods for weight loss.black beansprotein，per 1/2 cup：7gblack beans will not only fill you up for hours but also help slim you down.wake forest baptist medical center researchers found that with black beans consumed daily，study participants fat reduced by 4 percent over two y

3、ears.peanut butterprotein，per 2 tbsp(汤匙)：78gwhile processed peanut butter is filled with sugar and oils，the real stuff is made with just two ingredients：salt and peanuts.the peanut is filled with hearthealthy monounsaturated(单一不饱和的) fats.nutritionist and personal trainer kristin reisinger suggests u

4、sing the healthy fat in an am smoothie.almond butterprotein，per 2 tbsp：78g“almond butter is high in protein，fiber and monounsaturated fats，”says martha mckittrick，rdn，cde.“studies have also shown that people who eat nuts are less likely to become overweight than those who avoid them，because it helps

5、 you feel fuller.”to get the benefits at breakfast，mckittrick suggests spreading some nut butter on the whole grain toast.eggsprotein，per two large eggs：13g“eggs are an excellent source of protein and other healthy nutrients including fatburning choline(胆碱)，”says mckittrick.choline，also found in lea

6、n(瘦的) meats，seafood and collard greens，attacks the gene mechanism that causes your body to store fat around your liver(肝脏)，according to zero belly cookbook.the more eggs you eat，the less eggshaped you get.【语篇解读】本文介绍了黑豆、花生酱等几种可作为早餐食用以达到减肥效果的食物，并列举了它们各自的蛋白质含量及减肥原理。1which two foods contain the same amo

7、unt of protein?ablack beans and eggs.balmond butter and eggs.cblack beans and peanut butter.dpeanut butter and almond butter.d细节理解题。根据文中每种食物蛋白质含量的描述“peanut butter protein，per 2 tbsp(汤匙)：78g”及“almond butter protein，per 2 tbsp：78g”可知，peanut butter 和almond butter的蛋白质含量相同。故选d。2how does almond butter hel

8、p control weight?ait helps people sleep better.bit offers people more protein.cit makes people feel fuller.dit makes people burn more calories.c细节理解题。根据almond butter部分的内容“studies have also shown that people who eat nuts are less likely to become overweight than those who avoid them，because it helps

9、you feel fuller.”可知，杏仁酱是通过使人更有饱腹感来帮助控制体重的。故选c。3what food will a doctor advise heart disease patients to eat?apeanut butter.balmond butter.cblack beans. deggs.a推理判断题。根据peanut butter部分的“the peanut is filled with hearthealthy monounsaturated(单一不饱和的) fats.”可知，花生含有利于心脏健康的单一不饱和脂肪，所以医生们会建议心脏病患者吃这种食物。故选a。bf

10、or children，eating with their families is not only about preventing bad outcomesit is also about developing good ones.several studies have looked at the longterm effects eating with families has on children.experts say that these studies do not seem to prove a causeandeffect relationship.however，the

11、y do suggest a strong correlationabout three years ago，the organisation for economic cooperation and development(oecd) looked at data from nearly three quarters of the worlds countries.among its findings was the fact that students who shared a main meal with their families were less likely to skip s

12、chool.children who eat a main meal with their families are also less likely to be badlybehaved.that is a finding of a study by the national center on addiction and substance abuse(casa) at columbia university in new york.in the casa report，titled“the importance of family dinners ”，researchers say，“t

13、eens who have frequent family dinners are more likely to say their parents know a lot about whats really going on in their lives.”they also claim that when teens say they feel closer to their parents，they are less likely to behave badly.another study from the university of montreal found that childr

14、en who ate with their families experienced longterm physical and mental health benefits.these children were physically in better shape and drank fewer sugary soft drinks.they also seemed to have better social skills.one researcher，linda pagani says that “there is a handful of research suggesting a p

15、ositive link between eating family meals together frequently and child and adolescent health”pagani says that “mealtimes shared with parents likely provide young children with firsthand social interaction，discussions of social affairs and daytoday concerns”she adds that they may likely help the chil

16、dren have better communication skills with others.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与家人一起进餐对孩子的好处，这不但能防止不良后果的发生，而且能帮助孩子养成好的习惯。这一发现已被多项科学研究所证明。4what does the underlined word“correlation”mean?aeffect. bcause.coutcome. dtie.d词义猜测题。文章第一段中谈到，研究似乎并没有证明两者之间有着必然的因果关系，但是作者笔锋一转，引出它们之间还是有一定关系(correlation)的。故画线词意为“关系，相关性”。5i

17、n which aspect can eating family meals together influence children according to the oecd?aacademic performance. bphysical health.cmental health. dsocial skills.a推理判断题。根据题干的oecd把线索定位到文章第二段，第二段最后一句谈到与家人共进正餐的学生逃学的可能性更小，所以可推知，是否和家人一起进餐对学生的学业水平有影响。故选a项。6how do children benefit from eating family meals to

18、gether according to pagani?aby having healthy food and drinks.bby forming good eating habits.cby becoming more social.dby understanding their parents life.c细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“mealtimes shared with parents likely provide young children with firsthand social interaction，discussions of social affairs and

19、 daytoday concerns”和“they may likely help the children have better communication skills with others”可知，pagani认为和家人一起进餐能让孩子亲身接触社交，并参与对社会事务的讨论等，这很可能帮助孩子跟他人更好地交流。由此可知，pagani认为孩子可以通过跟家人一起用餐来提高自己的交际能力，故选c项。7what is mainly talked about in the passage?aeasy tips on eating family meals.bbenefits of family d

20、inners to children.clinks between eating together and child health.dfindings of studies about enjoying family dinners.b主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章的主题是与家人一起进餐对孩子的好处，故b项概括得最为全面。cscientists in england are using two selfdirected water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the celtic sea.the celtic sea

21、is a body of water off the southern coast of ireland.the area is known for its unusual sea life.scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the atlantic ocean.one of the research vehicles is powered by batteries(电池)it collects information for the national oceanography

22、center in southampton，england，and the world wildlife fund.the vehicles low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days.reports of what it finds in the celtic sea are sent by satellite.stephen woodward is an engineer who helped design the vehicle.he says the vehicle has

23、equipment that can discover small organisms called zooplankton(浮游动物)and fish.he adds that other sensing equipment measures water currents and other features of sea life.the vehicle also creates a map of the sea.another vehicle is powered by the sun and the wind.it can stay floating on water for mont

24、hs.the robotic vehicle sends information about the socalled biodiversity hotspots.a biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity.lavinia suberg is one of the scientists studying the celtic sea.she says productive ocean areas，like the celtic sea，attract

25、 zooplankton.the zooplankton then attracts fish.she adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories.scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected infor

26、mation.they say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the celtic sea for future management and protection.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。英国科学家利用机器人式水上车辆探索凯尔特海，旨在弄清为什么有如此之多的动植物生活在该海域。8why do the british scientists explore the celtic sea?ato study the geography of the sea.bto learn why th

27、e sea is rich in sea life.cto test their selfdirected water vehicles.dto learn about the sea creatures in the sea.b细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the atlantic ocean.”可知，英国科学家研究该海域的目的是弄清为什么海洋生物被吸引到该海域。9according to the text，the water vehicles

28、 aare controlled directly by humansbwork depending on the map of the seaccan send the information back directlydcan keep floating on water for a long timed细节理解题。由第三段中的“the vehicles low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days.”和第五段中的“it can stay floating on water for

29、 months.”可知，水上车辆能在海上漂浮很久。10according to lavinia suberg，the sea mammals and birds aare afraid of living alonebmainly feed on zooplanktonclike to live in warm ocean areasdare especially interested in fishd细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句“she adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and

30、birds.”可知，海洋哺乳动物和鸟类对鱼很感兴趣。11what is the last paragraph mainly about?athe aim of sea exploration.bthe cost of exploring the sea.cthe importance of the water vehicles.dways to deal with the collected information.c段落大意题。通读最后一段尤其是根据最后一段中的“greatly reduces，spend more time”和“a better understanding”可知，本段旨在介

31、绍机器人式水上车辆在海底探索中的重要性。故选c。dgiven the recent interest in green buildings in the media，lets think differently.instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy，what if we focus on reducing demand?can we start with ending the opendoor practice of streetfront shops? while cool air from these shops is

32、 refreshing to pedestrians，it carries a cost.energy is used in the air conditioning process.so it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energysaving designs.for instance，if we fix ceiling fans，airconditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year.

33、ceiling fans use far less energy.they were common in buildings before air conditioners were available.i wonder how many hours in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed.in homes built under the smallhouse policy in new territories，the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans.if

34、the 9metre maximum building height regulation were relaxed，ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use.current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated(协调统一的) design；that is，bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves en

35、ergy reduction.for integrated design to succeed，all parties must come together and think beyond each persons circle of influence.better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design.buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built.positive project outcomes ma

36、y include reduced airconditioning load，reduced power use for electric lighting，and a reduction in the amount of materials used.we need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design.by that i mean an integrated design resulting in more su

37、stainable buildings.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为街边商店敞门开空调的做法虽然给人们带来了凉爽，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。12whats the authors attitude towards the opendoor practice of the street shops?asupportive. bdisapproving.coptimistic. duncaring.b观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，但opendoor prac

38、tice却带来了成本，在空调降低温度的过程中消耗了大量能源。可知他对此是持不赞成的态度的。故选b项。13why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?ato follow an old practice.bto help reduce energy use.cto completely replace air conditioners.dto help cut down on daily expenses.b细节理解题。根据第三段中的“for instance，if we fix ceiling fans，airconditioning hom

39、es could surely be avoided for part of the year.ceiling fans use far less energy.”可知，作者建议安装吊扇是因为能减少能源的使用。故选b项。14whats the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?aall parties should get started at the same time.bthe basic architecture should be finished first.cproper design and performance to

40、achieve energy reduction.dseeking the smallhouse policy and some successful architects.c细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，答案c符合题意。故选c项。15what would be the best title for the text?awaste less，live betterbgoodbye，air conditioningchow to reduce the energy costdgreen buildings call for integrated designd标题归纳题。作者认为商店开放空

41、调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的节能环保的做法。这就需要在建筑房屋前进行统一的、综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的、节约的、环保绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼吁集成设计。故d项符合题意。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)chocolate is popular with people around.hot chocolate has been used for many years to treat diseases and fight bad moods.its known as a special healthy drink from the

42、16th to 19th centuries，and sometimes was taken as a medicine. 16 lets enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. 17 drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health.the flavonoids(黄酮) increase the blood flow and oxygen to your brain h

43、elping you think better.if you want to improve your memory，try drinking two cups of hot chocolate a day.it contains more antioxidants(抗氧化剂) 18 ，so drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolates powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine.hot chocolate contains a little bit more

44、antioxidants than a bar of chocolate，which are released when the drink is heated up.it improves your mood.chocolate，including hot chocolate，is a wellknown mood adjuster. 19 hot chocolate contributes to the release of a beneficial chemical，which helps to improve your mood and make you feel happier.it

45、s good for your heart health.the flavonoids found in hot chocolate are good for your heart health. 20 .choose healthy hot chocolate and be sure to drink it in moderation.remember，chocolate itself contains sugar and fat，so you cant allow yourself to drink more than two cups a day.ait can help you los

46、e weightbit improves your brain healthcthis tasty drink helps fight stress，anxiety and depressiondhot chocolate contains more antioxidants than green tea and wineeflavonoids reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood pressurefdrinking hot chocolate helps prevent the absorption of nutrition f

47、rom other foodsgnow，people dont consider hot chocolate as a medicine but drink it even more than ever【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。以前人们把热巧克力当成药物，现在人们会把它当成饮料，并且巧克力对于人们的健康有很多好处，文章对热巧克力的作用作了具体说明。16g横线前句“its known as a special healthy drink from the 16th to 19th centuries，and sometimes was taken as a medicine.”在16到19世

48、纪，热巧克力被认为是一种特殊的健康饮品，有时人们会把巧克力当成药物。g项“now，people dont consider hot chocolate as a medicine but drink it even more than ever”和语境一致，说明人们对热巧克力功能看法的变化，所以g项正确。17b空处是本段的主题句，横线后句“drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health.”告诉我们热巧克力可以提高我们的脑力并改善大脑健康。b项“it im

49、proves your brain health”与上下文语境一致，所以b项正确。18d横线前句“it contains more antioxidants(抗氧化剂)”告诉我们巧克力含有更多抗氧化剂，横线后一句告诉我们喝热巧克力比喝绿茶和酒摄取的抗氧化剂多，d项“hot chocolate contains more antioxidants than green tea and wine”符合上下文语境，所以d项正确。19c本段主要告诉我们热巧克力可以改善人们的情绪，c项“this tasty drink helps fight stress，anxiety and depression.

50、”与本段主题“it improves your mood.”一致，符合上下文语境，故c项正确。20e横线前句“the flavonoids found in hot chocolate are good for your heart health.”告诉我们热巧克力里的黄酮素对于心脏健康有好处。e项“flavonoids reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood pressure”是对前句的解释，符合上下文语境，故e项正确。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)over a hundred years ago，in a sc

51、ottish seaside inn，a group of fishermen were relaxing after a long day 21 as a serving maid was walking 22 the fishermens table with a pot of tea，one of the men made a sweeping gesture to describe the size of the fish he had caught.his hand had a collision with the teapot and sent it 23 against the

52、whitewashed wall，where its contents left a(n) 24 brown spot.standing nearby，the innkeeper surveyed the damage.“that stain(污点) will never come off，”he said in discomfort.“the whole wall will have to be 25 ”“perhaps not.”all eyes turned to the stranger who had just spoken.“what do you mean？”asked the

53、innkeeper.“let me work with the 26 ，”said the stranger，standing up from his table in the corner.“if my work 27 your approval，you dont need to repaint the wall.”the stranger 28 a box and went to the wall.opening the box，he withdrew pencils， 29 ，and various colours.he began to draw lines around the st

54、ain and fill it in here and there with different colours.soon a picture began to appear.the stain of 30 had been turned into the picture of a deer with a magnificent pair of antlers.at the bottom of the picture，the man 31 his name.then he paid for his meal and left.the innkeeper was 32 when he exami

55、ned the wall.“do you know who that man was？”he said in amazement.“the signature 33 e.h.landseer！”indeed，they had been visited by the wellknown painter of wildlife，sir edwin landseer.god wants to take the stains and disappointments of our life so do not 34 erase them，but rather turn them into a thing

56、 of 35 【语篇解读】本文叙述了一个海滨小酒馆内发生的故事。渔民失手打碎了侍者的茶壶，在墙壁上留下了污渍，画家现身作画，化腐朽为神奇。21a.on the riverbin the lakecin town dat sead根据就餐地点和顾客们谈话的内容可以确定，应该是在海上(at sea)劳作了一天。22a.on bpastcover dthroughb根据情景推断，服务员应该是从餐桌旁经过。past是介词，意为“经过”。23a.crashing bslidingcflowing drunninga此时的茶壶经过碰撞以后已经脱手，因此是猛撞(crash)。24a.regular birregularcbeautiful dpopularb由情景推断，茶渍在墙上留下的应该是不规则的(irregular)污点。25a.repainted brepairedcremoved drebuilta前面已经提到了whitewashed wall，空前说污点无法脱落，故一般的解决办法应该是重新刷墙(repaint)以便恢复原貌。第二段最后一句中的“.you dont need to repaint the wall.”也是提示。26a.stain bteapotcpicture dpainta根据后文可知这个陌生人要处理墙上这个污点(stain)。27a.per