用多线程同步方法解决生产者-消费者问题(操作系统课设)剖析

1、武汉理工大学操作系统课程设计说明书题 目 学 院专 业班 级姓 名指导教师用多线程同步方法解决生产者一消费者问题(Producer-Consumer Problem)计算机科学与技术学院软件工程目录目 录1课程设计任务书 2.正文2.1. 设计目的与要求2.1.1设计目的2.1.2设计要求2.2. 设计思想及系统平台2.2.1设计思想2.2.2系统平台及使用语言2.3. 详细算法描述3.4. 源程序清单.5.5. 运行结果与运行情况 106. 调试过程147. 总结14本科生课程设计成绩评定表 15课程设计任务书学生姓名： 专业班级：指导教师： 工作单位：计算机科学与技术学院题目：用多线程同步

2、方法解决生产者消费者问题（Producer-Consumer Problem）初始条件：1. 操作系统：Linux2. 程序设计语言：C语言3. 有界缓冲区内设有 20个存储单元，其初值为0。放入/取出的数据项按增序设定为1 20这20个整型数。要求完成的主要任务:（包括课程设计工作量及其技术要求，以及说明书撰写等具体要求）1.技术要求：1）为每个生产者/消费者产生一个线程，设计正确的同步算法2） 每个生产者和消费者对有界缓冲区进行操作后，即时显示有界缓冲区的当前全部内容、当前指针位置和生产者/消费者线程的自定义标识符。3）生产者和消费者各有两个以上。4）多个生产者或多个消费者之间须共享对缓冲

3、区进行操作的函数代码。2.设计说明书内容要求:1）设计题目与要求2）总的设计思想及系统平台、语言、工具等。3）数据结构与模块说明（功能与流程图）（要注明存储各目标文件名源文件名4）给出用户名、源程序名、目标程序名和源程序及其运行结果。个程序及其运行结果的主机IP地址和目录。）5）运行结果与运行情况（提示：（1）有界缓冲区可用数组实现。（2 ）编译命令可用：cc -lpthread -o（3）多线程编程方法参见附件。）3.调试报告：1）调试记录2）自我评析和总结上机时间安排：18 周一 五 08 : 0 12 : 00指导教师签名：系主任（或责任教师）签名:年月日年月日1. 设计目的与要求1.1

4、设计目的通过研究Linux的线程机制和信号量实现生产者消费者问题 （Producer-Consumer Problem） 的并发控制。1.2设计要求1）为每个生产者/消费者产生一个线程，设计正确的同步算法2）每个生产者/消费者对该存储区进行操作后，即时显示该存储区的全部内容、当前指针位置和生产者/消费者线程的自定义标识符。3）生产者和消费者各有两个以上。4）多个生产者/消费者之间须共享对存储区进行操作的函数代码。2. 设计思想及系统平台2.1设计思想在本问题中，共需要一个 Mutex和两个Semaphore.其中,Mutex是用来锁定临界区的，以解决对共享数据buffer的互斥访问问题（无论是

5、对生成者还是对消费者）;我们共需要两个Semaphore这是因为在本问题中共有两个稀缺资源.第一种是非空这种资源,是在消费者之间进行竞争的.第二种是非满这种资源,是在生产者之间进行竞争的.所以，一般来说,需要锁定临界区，就需要Mutex;有几种稀缺资源就需要几个Semaphore.对稀缺资源的分析不能想当然.稀缺资源不一定是指被共享的资源，很多时候是指线程会被阻塞的条件（除了要进临界区被阻塞外）.在生产者消费者问题中，消费者会在缓冲区为空时被阻塞，所以非空是一种稀缺资源；需要设置一个信号量consumer_semaphore初值设为0;生产者会在缓冲区为满时被阻塞，所以非满也是一种稀缺资源.需

6、要设置一个信号量 producer_semaphore初值设为buffer的大小MAX_BUFFER2.2系统平台及使用语言本课程设计在Linux操作系统下，使用C语言完成。用到的工具主要有 GCC编 译器和VI编辑器。3. 详细算法描述共享数据：Semaphore buffer_mutex=1Semaphore producer_semaphore=MAX_BUFFERSemaphore con sumer_semaphore=0int bufferMAX_BUFFER;Producer线程的处理函数：while(1)Wait(producer_semaphore);Wait(buffer_

7、mutex);Bufferp n=product;pn=(pn+1)%MAX_BUFFER;Sign al(c on sumer_semaphore);Sig nal(buffer_mutex);Sleep();producer线程的处理函数流程图如下:consumer线程的处理函数： while(1)Wait(co nsumer_semaphore);Wait(buffer_mutex);Con sume=bufferc n;cn=(cn+1)%MAX_BUFFER;Sign al(producer_semaphore);Sig nal(buffer_mutex);Sleep();con s

8、umer线程的处理函数流程图如下:4. 源程序清单用户名：rj070126 (IP: 192.1682254源程序名：/home/rj070126/pc.c目标程序名：/home/rj070126/pc运行结果：/home/rj070126/output.txt源程序清单如下：#i nclude#i nclude#i ncludevstri ng.h#i nclude#in clude#in clude#i ncludeverr no.h#in clude#in clude#in clude/*defi ne the nu mber of producer*/*defi ne the nu m

9、ber of con sumer*/*defi ne the nu mber of buffer*/#defi ne NUM_THREADS_P 5#defi ne NUM_THREADS_C 5#defi ne MAX_BUFFER 20/*define the run time*/*difine the buffer */#defi ne RUN_TIME 20 int bufferMAX_BUFFER;int produce_po in ter=0,c on sume_po in ter=0;sem_t producer_semaphore,c on sumer_semaphore,bu

10、ffer_mutex;pthread_t threads_pNUM_THREADS_P; /*producer*/pthread_t threads_cNUM_THREADS_C; /*co nsumer*/FILE* fd;void *producer_thread(void *tid);void *con sumer_thread(void *tid);void showbuf();void han dler()int i;for(i=O;iNUM_THREADS_P;i+) pthread_ca ncel(threads_pi);for(i=0;iNUM_THREADS_C;i+) pt

11、hread_ca ncel(threads_ci);int mai n()int i;sig nal(SIGALRM,ha ndler);fd=fope n(output.txt,w);/*ope n a file to save the result*/sem _in it(&producer_semaphore,0,MAX_BUFFER); /*set the value of semaphores*/semn it(&con sumer_semaphore,0,0);semn it(&buffer_mutex,0,1);for(i=0;iMAX_BUFFER;i+)bufferi=0;

12、/*initiate the buffer*/*create the threads*/for(i=0;iNUM_THREADS_P;i+)pthread_create(&threads_pi,NULL,(void*)producer_thread,(void*)(i+1); for(i=0;iNUM_THREADS_C;i+)pthread_create(&threads_ci,NULL,(void*)co nsumer_thread,(void *)(i+1);alarm(RUN_TIME); /*set time to run*/*wait the threads to exit*/fo

13、r(i=0;iNUM_THREADS_P;i+)pthread _joi n(threads_pi,NULL);for(i=0;iNUM_THREADS_C;i+)pthread _joi n(threads_ci,NULL);/*destroy the semaphores*/sem_destroy(&producer_semaphore);sem_destroy(&con sumer_semaphore);sem_destroy(&buffer_mutex);fclose(fd);return 0;void *producer_thread(void *tid)/*the thread c

14、an be can celed by other thread*/pthread_setca ncelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE,NULL);while(1)sem_wait(&producer_semaphore);sran d(i nt)time(NULL)*( in t)tid);sleep(ra nd()%2+1); /*one or two sec onds to produce*/while(produce_po in ter+1)%20=c on sume_po in ter);sem_wait(&buffer_mutex);bufferproduce

15、_poi nter=ra nd()%20+1;produce_poi nter=(produce_poi nte 叶1)%20;poi nter_p:%2dpoi nter_p:%2dpoi nter_p:%2dpoi nter_p:%2dif(produce_poi nter=0) /*if buffer was filled to the 19th*/ prin tf(producer:%dproduced:%2dn,(i nt)tid,19,buffer19);fprin tf(fd,producer:%dproduced:%2dn,(i nt)tid,19,buffer19);else

16、prin tf(producer:%dproduced:%2dn,(i nt)tid,produce_poi nter-1,bufferproduce_poi nter-1); fprin tf(fd,producer:%dproduced:%2dn,(i nt)tid,produce_poi nter-1,bufferproduce_poi nter-1);showbuf();sem_post(&buffer_mutex);sem_post(&consumer_semaphore);/*inform the consumer the buffer is not empty*/sran d(i

17、 nt)time(NULL)*( in t)tid);sleep(ra nd()%5+1);/*wait a few sec onds ,the n con ti nue produci ng*/return (void*)0);void *con sumer_thread(void *tid)/*the thread can be can celed by other thread*/pthread_setca ncelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE,NULL);while(1)sem_wait(&con sumer_semaphore);sran d(i nt)ti

18、me(NULL)*( in t)tid);sleep(ra nd()%2+1); /*one or two sec onds to con sume*/sem_wait(&buffer_mutex);prin tf(c on sumer:%dpoi nter_c:%2dcon sumed:%2dn,(i nt)tid,con sume_poi nter,bufferc on sume_poi nter);fprin tf(fd,c on sumer:%dpoi nter_c:%2dcon sumed:%2dn,(i nt)tid,con sume_poi nter,buffercon sume

19、_poi nter);bufferc on sume_po in ter=0;con sume_poi nter=(co nsume_poi nte叶 1)%20;showbuf();sem_post(&buffer_mutex);sem_post(&producer_semaphore);sran d(i nt)time(NULL)*( in t)tid);sleep(ra nd()%5+1);/*wait a few sec onds ,the n con ti nue consuming*/return (void*)0);/*show the content of buffer*/ v

20、oid showbuf()int i;prin tf(buffer:);fprin tf(fd,buffer:);for(i=0;iMAX_BUFFER;i+) prin tf(%2d ,bufferi);fprin tf(fd,%2d ,bufferi);prin tf(nn);fprin tf(fd,nn);5. 运行结果与运行情况程序运行结果如下：producer poin ter_p: 0 produced:20buffer:20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:3 poin ter_p: 1 produced:13buffe

21、r:20 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:2 poin ter_p: 2 produced: 6buffer:20 13 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:4 poin ter_p: 3 produced:14buffer:20 13 6 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:5 poin ter_p: 4 produced:20buffer:20 13 6 14 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0co

22、n sumer:2 poin ter_c: 0 con sumed:20 buffer: 0 13 6 14 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer poin ter_p: 5 produced:20buffer: 0 13 6 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 con sumer:1 poin ter_c: 1 con sumed:13buffer: 0 0 6 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:3 poin ter_c: 2 con sumed: 6

23、buffer: 0 0 0 14 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:4 poin ter_c: 3 con sumed:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:5 poin ter_c: 4 con sumed:20buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 poin ter_p: 6 produced: 1buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

24、 0 0 0 0 producer:2 poin ter_p: 7 produced:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 20 1 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:3 poin ter_c: 5 con sumed:20buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:4 poin ter_p: 8 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 con sumer:5 poin ter_c: 6 con sume

25、d: 1buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:5 poin ter_p: 9 produced: 8buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 6 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:2 poin ter_c: 7 con sumed:14buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:5 poin ter_c: 8 con sumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0

26、0 0 0 0producer:1 poin ter_p:10 produced:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:1 poin ter_c: 9 con sumed: 8buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producers poin ter_p:11 produced:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:4 poin ter_p:12 produced:10buf

27、fer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:4 poin ter_c:10 con sumed:18buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:3 poin ter_p:13 produced: 3buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 con sumer:3 poin ter_c:11 con sumed:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 3 0 0

28、0 0 0 0con sumer:2 poin ter_c:12 con sumed:10buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:1 poin ter_p:14 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:1 poin ter_c:13 con sumed: 3buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0producer:2 poin ter_p:15 produced:18buff

29、er: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 18 0 0 0 0con sumer:5 poin ter_c:14 con sumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0producer:1 poin ter_p:16 produced: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 6 0 0 0 buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 6 19 0 0 con sumer:1 poin ter_c:15 con sumed

30、:18producer:3 poin ter_p:17produced:19buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 19 0 0 producer:5 poin ter_p:18 produced: 7buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 19 7 0 con sumer:3 poin ter_c:16 con sumed: 6buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 7 0 producer/ poin ter_p:19 produced:14buffer

31、: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 7 14 con sumer:5 poin ter_c:17 con sumed:19buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 14 con sumer:4 poin ter_c:18 con sumed: 7buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14producer:1 poin ter_p: 0 produced: 4buffer: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

32、4 con sumer:2 poin ter_c:19 con sumed:14buffer: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0con sumer:1 poin ter_c: 0 con sumed: 4buffer: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 producer:2 poin ter_p: 1 produced:15buffer: 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:3 poin ter_p: 2 produced:13buffer: 0 15 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0producer:2 poin ter_p: 3 produced: 3buffer: 0 15 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0说明：“producer 是指自定义标号为 2的producer, “pointer_p:3” 是指该 producer的指针，“produced:3 是指该 producer在buffer3里写入 3,“ buffer: 0 15 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 000