2018全年CATTI二级笔译试题+解析(完整版)

1、2018-11【英译中】【 Passage 1 】New drone footagegives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii s Big Islandsustained in the wake ofvolcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can beseen billowing off the lavaas it creeps down roadsand through wooded areas towardhomes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of

2、 brightness breaking through thesurrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm,Kilauea roared back in fullforce on Sunday, spewing lava 300 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35.从无人机拍摄到的最新视频中， 可以大概了解到近日火山喷发后， 夏

3、威夷大岛所遭受的损失情况。火山岩浆在道路上、树林里蔓延，直逼住家，岩浆所到处浓烟滚滚。在一片漆黑中可见多处大火， 火光十分刺眼。 基拉韦厄火山经过相对平静的一天后，周日又火力全开，将岩浆喷到 300 英尺高空，又侵蚀了半英里土地，共有35 处建筑遭摧毁。There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoodswhere crackshave been opening and spilling lavaIn. evacuated areas withrelatively low sulfur dioxide levels

4、, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said thoseresidents a little more than half of the evacuees were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely.由于地面开裂、岩浆涌出，1800 社区居民被疏散。

5、周六周日，在二氧化硫浓度不高的被疏散区域， 居民获准回家几个小时收拾家中物品。 当地官员称， 这些居民 约占被疏散居民总数的半数多些 被准许回家短暂停留， 并且在保证安全的前提下，允许其他居民回家。“ Things got pretty active, ” an official said at a Saturday press conference.volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow startedspreading so we got additional damage

6、 out there I. m not sure what the count is , but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid downand the volcanoes have gone quiet now.” But officials cautione had that while thelava flow was quiet, it wouldn t be for long.es “ couldMoreopenvolcanoup, theexisting ones c

7、ould get active again.” There s a lot of lava under the ground soeventually it s going to come up.”“这些火山变的很活跃， ”一位官员在周六举行的新闻发布会上称， “有八个火山变的很活跃，岩浆喷出后，四处扩散，因此我们那里损失又多了些。我现在还不了解损失总数，但我们认为这个数字仍在不断攀升。庆幸地是，现在地震强度已经减弱，火山也开始平息下来了。”但是官员警告称，虽然岩浆流动慢下来了，但是不会维持太久。 “还有更多地火山可能会爆发，现有的火山可能再次变得活跃。 ”地表下面有许多岩浆，这些岩浆最终会喷

8、发出来。The island was also rocked by a 6.9-magnitude earthquakeonFriday, whichcaused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes 13 with a magnitude greater than 4.0 in the 24 hours

9、 following the6.9-magnitude quake. But, the concern for residents continues to be the lava andgasemitted from volcanoes“ . The lava is definitely destroying peoplewe s homesdon t have an exact countbut it is a devastating situation.” Hawaii County head saidSaturday. “ There s no way we could ve pred

10、icted this.”夏威夷大岛周五发生 6.9 级地震，导致海岸附近出现滑坡，但建筑物没出现什么损坏。美国地质调查局（ USGS ）周日表示，大岛发生 6.9 级地震后，在 24 小时内又发生了 500 多次余震，其中 13 次震级超过 4.0 级。然而，居民所担心的依然是火山喷出的岩浆和气体。 “岩浆肯定还在摧毁人们的房子 我们目前还没有得到确切的数字 但情况十分严重。 ”夏威夷郡负责人周六称， “我们也没有办法预测到现在这种情况。 ”【英译中】【 Passage 2 】Just as in America, in Britain too, the story told by offic

11、ial statistics does notalways match peoples experience That . is especially true in places like Newcastle, a former shipbuilding city, which lost out to competition from Asia in the 1970s andhas seen living standards stagnate ever sinceThe . U.S. economy, we are told, isbooming.比如，在美国，还有英国，官方统计数据和人们

12、的感受并不总是相符，这种情况对诸如纽卡斯尔这样的城市来说尤为如此。 纽卡斯尔此前曾是一个造船城市， 20 世纪 70 年代不敌来自亚洲国家的竞争，人民生活水平从此一直停滞不前。我们被告知，美国经济正快速发展。In the past two quarters, gross domestic product has risen by more than 3%, the stock market is soaring and unemployment is down to a 17-year low of 4.1%. Many people, though, don t feel that upsi

13、de The. perception gap is huge. Unemployment, more broadly measured, is higher than the headline number suggests because many people have simply given up looking for work or are working in part-time jobs when they want a full-time job.前两个季度，国内生产总值（ GDP ）增长超 3%，股市飘红，失业率降至 4.1% ，创 17 年来的新低。但是，许多人感受不到这

14、种经济增长。数据和人们感知之间的差距十分巨大。 若从广义程度上衡量失业率， 那么它则要比报纸头条刊登的数字要高些，因为许多人干脆不找工作了，或者在找工作时做着兼职工作。One of the prime faults of GDP is that it deals in averages andaggregates Aggregates . hidethe inequality. And averages don t tell us very much atall. Barring a few recessions, the U.S. economy has been on a near rel

15、entless upward path since the 1950s. Yet according to a Pew Research Center report, the average hourly wage for nonmanagement private-sector work was $20.67 in 2014, just $1.49 higher than in 1964, adjusted for inflation.GDP 的一个主要缺陷就是它反映的是总数和平均数。看总数的话，就看不到不平等的一面，而平均数根本没有什么实质性的信息。美国经济自20 世纪50 年代以来除了几

16、次经济衰退外，一直不断高速增长。但皮尤研究中心（Pew ResearchCenter ）的一份报告表明，扣除通货膨胀因素后，时薪为 20.67 美元，比 1964 年仅多出 1.49 美元。2014年私营部门非管理层员工的Studies suggest that people care more about relative than absolute wealthIfthat .is true, then as a minority have become richer, the majority have grown more miserable. In a famous experime

17、nt carried out at Emory University, two monkeys were put side by side and given cucumbers as a reward for performing a task. When one of the monkeys was given better-tasting grapes instead, the monkey receivingcucumbers became distraught,flinging its now despised reward at its trainerThe .problems w

18、ith using GDP as a barometer go beyond masking inequality.多项研究显示，比起绝对所得，人们更加关心相对所得。如果事实是那样的话，在少数人变富的同时，多数人就得变的更穷。埃默里大学（ Emory University ）做过一个的著名实验，将两只猴子放在一起，每完成一项任务就奖励一根黄瓜。将给一只猴子的黄瓜替换成更美味的葡萄后，另一只猴子变的十分狂乱起来，并拿嫌弃的黄瓜砸向训练人员。除了掩盖经济不平等情况这个弊端外，将 GDP 作为经济晴雨表还存在其他问题。Invented in the US in the 1930s, the figu

19、re is a child of the manufacturing agegood at measuring physical production but not the services that dominate moderneconomies. How would GDP measure the quality of mental-health care or theavailability of day-care centers and parks in your area? Eventhe Belarusianeconomist who practically invented

20、GDP do not like the fact that it countedarmaments and financial speculation as positive outputs. Above all, he said,GDPshould never be confused with well-beingThat . suggests we need to finddifferent ways of measuring our successFor . the most part,we have becomeobsessed with a single measure that o

21、ffers only limited information.GDP 是美国在 20 世纪 30 年代提出的，属于制造业时代的产物，适用于统计物质生产，却不适合衡量在现代经济中处于主导地位的各种服务。GDP 如何衡量精神健康护理的质量，如何衡量社区周围的日托中心和公园的存在价值？即便是实际发明 GDP 的白俄罗斯经济学家也不喜欢将军备和金融投机归入到GDP 统计中。他说，总之，永远不要将GDP 与民生混为一谈。这意味着我们需要寻找其他方法来衡量经济增长的成就。 但是在大多数情况下， 我们只信奉单一的衡量方法（即 GDP ），虽然它提供信息的有限。中译英译前认知：第一篇文章选自 2016 年 4

22、 月 19 日有关网络安全和信息化工作座谈会上的讲话内容。 看似简单陈述和概括总结的话语， 然而要理解透彻， 翻译出一定的水平。其实很有难度。译文风格和遣词造句的把控：将直译与意译进行有机结合。即：该忠实陈述的，考生要坚持忠实的翻译原则； 而不该平铺直叙的成分和句段， 考生要做到意译的合理嫁接。避免一条道走到黑。同时，一定要抓住句子的主干，做到胸有成竹，再下笔翻译。 不要看完就立刻翻译， 而是要搞清楚的句子的主干与修饰成分， 理清前后句子的内在逻辑关系后，再下笔安排遣词造句，这才是有的放矢。从而，也从根本上避免了语言的无序、逻辑混乱和主次含糊的嫌疑。Passage One原文：互联网是一个社会

23、信息大平台，亿万网民在上面获得信息、交流信息，这会对他们的求知途径、思维方式、价值观念产生重要影响，特别是会对他们 (、)对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法产生重要影响。网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。 各级党政机关和领导干部要学会通过网络与公众保持联系 (走群众路线 )，经常上网 (，)看看，聊聊天、发发声，了解群众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。译家精编译文： As a large platform for social information, the Internet has an important effect on their ways o

24、f seeking knowledge and mode of thinking as well as values especially on their views to the country, society and work and life now that it enables hundreds of millions of netizens to get and exchange information. Party and government organs and leading cadres at all levels should learn to keep in to

25、uch with the public through the Internet, for instance, we can often surf the Internet, chat and voice to understand what the masses think and want, collect good ideas and suggestions and actively respond to netizens concerns, solve doubts and confusions based on the fact that public opinions are co

26、nsciously expressed in Internet by netizens from common people.译家深入翻译解析要义：1）本大段，由两个独立的句子组成。所以，第一句主要是在说互联网，语意主干是互联网对网民产生了重要影响，而其他的成分诸如：求知途径、思维方式、价值观念，对他们 (、)对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法等等，均为围绕主干而展开的修饰和补充说明成分。 同时，从整体上，对互联网本身的特质做了阐释，即：互联网允许网民获得信息并对信息进行交流。2）第二大段，旨在说明各级党政机关应该怎么做的问题。即：应该与公众保持联系 (走群众路线 )，经常上网 (， )看看

27、，聊聊天、发发声，了解群众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。因为网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。所以前后成分互为因果。3）结合文章出处，应采用第一人称 “我们 ”，这样才能做到先入为主。并且全文的重中之重都在于 “我们要怎样做的问题 ”。所以，采用译文 “we”来做句子的主语，并进行合理的句段搭建，意义十分重大。抓住了 “我们 ”，也就抓住了整篇文章主干中的主干。原文：网民大多数是普通群众，来自各行各业 (四面八方 )，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定是五花八门的， 不能要求他们对所有问题都看得那么准、 说得那么对。要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对

28、困难 (的人 )要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介， 对模糊认识要及时廓清， 对怨气怨言要及时化解， 对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。译家精编译文： We should not only be more tolerant and patient, absorb constructive opinions in time, help those who are in difficulties in time, publicize those who do not know the situations timely, clear up vague knowledge timely, resolve

29、 complaints and grievances in time and guide and correct their wrong views in time, but also cannot ask them to view all the issues so accurately and say so correctly under the background that the varied opinions and ideas are originated from their owned different experience from all walks of life a

30、nd most of the netizens are from ordinary people.译家深入翻译解析要义：1）本大段，对 “我们 ”提出了两方面的 “要求 ”。即：第一，我们要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对困难 (的人 )要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介， 对模糊认识要及时廓清， 对怨气怨言要及时化解， 对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。第二，我们不能要求网民对所有问题都看得那么准、说得那么对。） 结合我国的现实情况。即：网民大多数是普通群众，来自各行各业(四面八2方 )，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定五花八门。本句的主干在于观点和想法五花八门。其余成分则为围绕主干而进

31、行的补充说明。3） 搞清楚句子成分，前后关系，那么文章的遣词造句和整体操控将译如反掌。最后，鉴于时间和精力关系，对 Passage 2 的真题不再进行抢先试译。对 Catti 级英语实战翻译真题感兴趣的人群，可及时参加由译家举行的 Catti 二级笔译翻译真题的辅导与培训方案。一站式地掌握 Catti 二级笔译真题的翻译精髓！二2018-05英译中Passage One: Near Cambodias Temple Ruins, a Devotion to Learning走进破败的柬埔寨庙宇，感受学习的热情。Millions of tourists come here every year

32、to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.每年，都有数以百万计的游客造访吴哥窟， 以观赏当地古老的历史遗迹， 而这个游客聚居之地， 也一改往日偏僻村落的闲适之常态， 一举成为一座经济发展呈迅猛之势的国际

33、化城镇。一万间宾馆客房拔地而起，赋予游客激情四射的夜生活。But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is now Cambodia second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh.但是，吴哥窟旅游业的爆棚式发展，也取得了某些意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒还是一片学术的不

34、毛之地， 而今，暹粒已发展壮大成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，高等院校规模仅次于首都金边。The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over, they study finance, English and accounting.来自贫困稻农家的儿女们， 一股脑地涌向暹粒。 他们在这里要么做导游， 要么从事接待工作；要么做调酒师，从事服务生

35、的活计。每及轮班结束后，他们便会一头扎进金融、英语和会计的学习之中。The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make

36、decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams. s暹粒设立的五所私立大学，正为改观当地的劳动人口推波助澜。老板们表示，员工的英语水平正在飞跃， 接受高等教育的员工能表达自己的意愿， 然后作出相应的决策，从而，也就容易在职场中脱颖而出。 这一代学生本未对在高中毕业后继续深造寄予厚望，而现在，他

37、们正在努力地完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻梦想。Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun.时

38、年 26 岁的金波林，白天做导游，晚上却是一名主修法律的学生。波林声称，他梦想成为一名律师。然而，在旅游的旺季，他每天都要爬上那令人晕眩的神庙台阶，且还不得不在热带阳光的炙烤下暴晒数个小时， 这不免让他在晚间的课堂上心力交瘁。But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan.而在暹粒，工作与学习相得益彰，并无任何的总体规划。It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dre

39、ams of Cambodia s youthand offered flexible hours in sync with the rhythms of the tourist industry.供求关系是其中最主要的推动因素：开办大学就是要为柬埔寨的年轻人实现夙愿，按照旅游业的工作节奏，灵活地设置学习课时。After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edgeover fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom sta

40、rting a career canbe difficult, Ms. Chan and others say. University students arecommunicative, “more ”she said.“ If they don t like something, they speak out.”陈女士和其他人皆表示， 相较于那些没有工作经验的应届生， 半工半读的学生往往在毕业后有着更大的优势， 那些从未工作过的学生在其职业生涯的起始阶段总难免挫折。陈女士还认为， “大学生 与人交流起来更加坦率 。对于不喜之事物，他们定会和盘托出。 ”Ms. Chan and others

41、 say they are lucky that Angkorve sprovedtemplesso hapopularwith tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, SiemReap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Min

42、istry of Tourism.陈女士等人还说， 吴哥窟神庙能如此地备受游客追捧， 那是多么地幸运倍至。 若不是出于这片丛林里的砂岩建筑群， 暹粒可能仍然还是一个闭塞的小村落。 据柬埔寨旅游部统计， 去年共计有 330 万游客造访暹粒， 而其中一半的游客为外来人士。英译中Passage TwoFaculty shortage could thwart Indias education dream师资短缺已成为印度教育梦的绊脚石本标题的翻译主要集中在对单词 thwart 的准确释义上。翻译新手往往会字对字进行翻译，而且对 thwart 的理解偏颇。 Could thwart 说明了 Facul

43、ty shortage 对 Indiaseducation dream 的直接影响。所以，既要避免字对字，又要兼顾文采，还要译文传神。那我认为可以抛开原文的语序限定，将 thwart 直接翻译为绊脚石。从而，起到一箭三调的作用。At one of the better colleges in Indias capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. If even half show up, there arent enou

44、gh chairs, said Amin, a history professor there. There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?玛丽学院，作为印度首都新德里设施较好的学院之一，也只配备了一个大房间，以供 140 名教工集体休憩或阅卷。“即便该房间只容留70 名教职员工，那办公座椅也不够用， ”玛丽学院的一位历史学教授阿明如是说。 “在别无他处办公的窘境下，教员们该怎么安心工作呀？ ”本段原文英语看似简短、平淡，实则暗藏的语义内容较为丰富。这就需要充分发

45、挥汉语的优势，对原文进行细致的解剖和深入的语言雕琢。首句：At one of thebetter colleges in Indias capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty membersto sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. 本段理解主要集中在单词 better ，句子 there is just one large room 和句子 to sit and have a cup of tea 的理解上。 Better 一定要翻译出较好的意思，而且根据上下文，要在译文进行增

46、译处理。即：不仅仅要翻译出较好，还得强调是设施较好。否则不但体现不出既定的语境，而且还会为下一句的遣词造句之顺利出场增加唐突性。句子 there is just one large room 的理解，一定要翻译出仅仅 /只配备有一个大房间。而句子 to sit and have a cup of tea ，其中的 to sit 可以翻译为就坐，但这样显得译文过于平淡，如果将就坐和喝茶一起来理解的话， 无非就是休息或者休憩。 所以， have a cup of tea 其实是可以做省译处理。后句和尾句： If even half show up, there arent enough chair

47、s, said Amin,a history professor there. There is no other place to work. In this situation, how doyou expect teachers to work?这两句在理解上，难度都不算大。但还是有一些需要注意的地方，比如 history professor ，千万不能翻译为历史教授，正确的理解为历史学教授。而尾句 There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work? 鉴于语意的连贯

48、性，可以将其一道整合起来理解，尽量避免字对字。The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of$22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in the

49、ir first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of Indias colleges and universities.然而，印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教员设施的不足。尽管，阿明女士在贵为德里大学下设的其中之一所院校的玛丽学院已执教30 载，但她的年薪只有22,000 美元。这样的薪资还不及她执教过的那些得意门生们首份工作年薪

50、的一半。新的机遇不仅仅为大学毕业生带来了更为丰厚的经济回报， 而且还为工作赋予了流动性和灵活性，而这些福利都是印度大学教员们闻所未闻的。本段原文英语依然延续了简洁的表达文风，将教员与大学毕业生的收入进行了强烈的对比。故，在对本段汉语译文的编织中， 要尤其注意感情色彩的铺陈和合理演绎。整句看似形容结构很繁杂， 其实主旨就一条， 那就是印度教育所面临的问题不仅仅是教员设施的不足，还有收入回报悬殊的问题。本段几乎无语言难点，全文只需要抓住After30 years at MaryCollege, which is one of dozensadministered by the University

51、 of Delhi这一句，并对其进行合理的语言架构，突出句子暗含的感情色彩。 一定要翻译出玛丽学院贵为德里大学的下设院校， 突出玛丽学院的身份和优越性， 从而进一步凸显主人公阿明案例的代表性。 把控好该段的核心要义，则整句的遣词造句便是顺理成章，水到渠成。All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government

52、report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhDs, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The reports authors, mostly

53、academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.诸此种种，无不意味着印度正遭遇着教工严重短缺的问题。但不能将其仅仅归咎于薪资低廉和设施匮乏。根据去年发布的一份政府报告，高等教育的大规模扩张，博士数量的供不应求，加之招聘滞后与吸纳和培养人才激励措施的缺乏。这一切致使现有教职工岗位空缺率高达40。该份政府报告的作者大多从事学术研究，他们研究发现，如果按照印度政府倡导的班级规模来计算话，则现有教职工岗位空缺率将骤增至54。本段虽然句子较为分散，但是语意很是连贯。详细讲述了造成师资短缺的根源。本段语言难点也较少，全文的难点在于According to a government report publishedlast yea