2021届高考英语二轮复习天天练题型一阅读理解第二节推理判断题课件20210313299

1、第二节推理判断题 20182020推理判断题考频统计 时间 卷别 2020 2019 2018 全国卷577 全国卷167 全国卷363 考情分析 推理判断题属于深层次理解题。该题型在近几年高考考查时 所占比重较大，仅次于细节理解题。 考查项目 推断隐含信息、观点态度、文章出处、读者对象，推断人物 性格等。 考查角度 推理判断题是历年高考阅读理解命题较为集中的题型，以隐 含信息推断题为主，间或考查观点态度、人物性格、读者对象以 及文章出处等。 考点一隐含信息题 方法点津 典例剖析 (2020高考全国卷阅读B节选)There are three books I reread annually.T

2、he first, which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingways A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉 的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm, her poetic

3、 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortzars Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry.And because Cortzar. 25What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast? AIts a brief account of a trip. BIts about Hemingways life as a young man. CIts a record of a historic

4、 event. DIts about Hemingways friends in Paris. 答题思路 根据题干中A Moveable Feast可将题目定位在本 段前半部分，由“Published in 1964, its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴 黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的 回顾。由此可判断出A Moveable Feast是关

5、于海明威年轻时的生活。 故选B项。 干扰项排除美国作家海明威的作品流动的盛宴是描写 的他回忆20世纪20年代在巴黎的生活，而不是一次旅行的简短描 述，故排除A项；当然，也不是记载的历史性事件或是海明威在 巴黎的朋友，故也排除C、D两项。 A (2020湖南师大附中高三月考)“Frozen 2”， a sequel (续集) to the 2013 Disney animated blockbuster “Frozen”， took in 700 million yuan totally, according to the China Movie Data Information Network

6、. “Frozen 2” has cast a spell on product categories like toys, clothes and makeup items due to demand for movie merchandise products from young Chinese consumers, Fridays China Daily reported. “Frozen 2” merchandise was extremely popular at the Disney Store China in November, 2019, the newspaper cit

7、ed sources from Disney China as saying. The dress worn by the movies leading role Elsa was already among the top five selling items on the store weeks ahead of the movies opening on Nov.22 in China. Fashion accessories (配饰) such as the “Frozen 2” brooch and the woolen scarf created by the China team

8、 were well received by young adult female consumers. During Chinas Singles Day shopping spree on No.11, every second 59 Disney products were sold online including Disneys selfowned retailing platforms or franchised products (特许经营产品), many of which were Frozenthemed products, figures from the newspap

9、er show. McDonalds China has joined hands with Disney to launch themed Happy Meals based on Disney movies, with the first free toys featuring “Frozen 2” 语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍冰雪奇缘2 的电影商品在中国很受欢迎。 1What can we learn from the passage? A“Frozen 2” is profitably achieved. B“Frozen 2” is initially made in 201

10、3. C“Frozen 2” is directed by Elsa. D“Frozen 2” is welcomed by all Chinese. 解析：推理判断题。由第一段“Frozen 2， a sequel to the 2013 Disney animated blockbuster Frozen， took in 700 million yuan totally, according to the China Movie Data Information Network.” 可知，根据中国电影数据信息网，冰雪奇缘2，一部2013年 迪士尼动画大片冰雪奇缘的续集，已经总共获得了7亿

11、元的 收入。结合选项可知，选项A正确。 答案：A 2Which ranked the best sellers before the movies opening in China? AElsas brooch and scarf. BElsas makeup items. CElsas dress. DElsas toys. 解析：细节理解题。由第四段“The dress worn by the movies leading role Elsa was already among the top five selling items on the store weeks ahead of t

12、he movies opening on Nov.22 in China.”可知， 电影主角艾莎穿戴的连衣裙在中国11月22日电影首映之前，在商 店售卖周就已经是前五的畅销产品。由此可见，在这部电影在中 国首映之前，艾莎的连衣裙位列最畅销产品。结合选项可知，选 项C正确。 答案：C 3“Frozen 2” belongs to a . AthrillerBdrama Cdocumentary Dcartoon 解析：推理判断题。由第一段“Frozen 2， a sequel to the 2013 Disney animated blockbuster Frozen， took in 700

13、million yuan totally, according to the China Movie Data Information Network.” 可知，根据中国电影数据信息网，冰雪奇缘2，一部2013年 迪士尼动画大片冰雪奇缘的续集，已经总共获得了7亿元的 收入。由此可见，冰雪奇缘2作为冰雪奇缘的续集，属 于动画大片。结合选项可知，选项D正确。 答案：D B What were you doing when you were nine years old? Making crafts from a Klutz book? Kicking around a soccer ball? D

14、esigning a business plan to deal with plastic pollution and relieve childhood poverty? Zymal Umar showed us the latter.The Pakistans youngest businesswoman has started a project entitled Zee Bugs, which aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an environmentfriendly alternative to plastic groce

15、ry bags. When Zymal was on a shopping trip with her parents three years ago, she was shocked by the number of plastic bags on the streets.Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment.Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out news

16、paper bags.And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act.Since then she has created beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers. Its amazing to see this youngster using her brains and business skills for good.And she should certainly feel proud of the work she is doing.After

17、all, plastic grocery bags are killing thousands of marine animals every year through their contribution to plastic waste.According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annuallythats about two million bags used per minute around the world. And those bags certainly

18、 dont disappear into thin air.Instead, they end up in our oceans, putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution.And plastic bags are just one of the many forms of plastic trash that ends up in the oceansin fact, an astonishing 8.8 million tons of t

19、his material make their way from land to the oceans every single year. But with Zee Bags, were all empowered to make more thoughtful choices about our trash production.And Zymals amazingness doesnt stop therethe profits from her sales go towards helping poor children. 语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Zymal意识到塑料 污染的严

20、重后果后，为减少塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，创造了 自己的环保袋，她还把销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童的故事。 4What is the second paragraph mainly about? AHow Zymal felt about her shopping trip. BHow Zymal learned about plastic pollution. CHow Zymal was received by the shopkeeper. DHow Zymal was inspired to create her bags. 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Depressed by th

21、e plastic pollution, she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment.Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags.And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act.”可 知Zymal意识到塑料污染的严重后果，后来从一个店主在分发报 纸袋中得到启发，创造了自己的环保袋。所以第二段主要讲述了 Zymal是如何获得灵感创作她的环保袋的，故选D。 答案：D 5W

22、hy are figures mentioned in the third and fourth paragraphs? ATo praise Zymal for her great efforts. BTo urge readers to stop using plastics. CTo stress the seriousness of plastic pollution. DTo show the rich knowledge of the author. 解析：推理判断题。第三段提到“According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion

23、 plastic bags are used worldwide annuallythats about two million bags used per minute around the world.(根据地球 研究所的数据，全世界每年使用超过一万亿个塑料袋也就是 每分钟使用200万个塑料袋)”，第四段提到“putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution(由于污染的威胁，大约700种海洋物种面临灭绝的危险)” 和“in fact, an as

24、tonishing 8.8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans every single year(事实上，每年有惊人 的880万吨这种物质从陆地进入海洋)”，这些数字强调了塑料污 染的严重性，使我们了解了塑料污染对海洋生物的危害。故选C。 答案：C 6What can we infer about Zymal from the last paragraph? AShe is amazing in every aspect of her life. BShe has concern for t

25、he disadvantaged. CShe urges everyone to be ecofriendly. DShe earns a lot of money from her business. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“And Zymals amazingness doesnt stop therethe profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.”可知Zymal的销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童。这说明 Zymal关心弱势群体。故选B。 答案：B 7Which of the following best descr

26、ibes Zymal? ACaring. BDetermined. CConfident. DSelfless. 解析：推理判断题。通过第二段的“she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment”和Zymal为 减少塑料污染对海洋生物的危害创造了自己的环保袋及最后一段 “the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children”可知， Zymal把销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童。这些都说明Zymal关心他人， 帮助他人。故选A。 答

27、案：A C (2020贵州贵阳市高三适应性考试二)Last semester in my final year of high school, I had a kind teacher whom I can never forget.I was not the best student when it came to writing tests.I had to work extra hard to get good marks, although I enjoyed learning.Anyway, this class that I truly enjoyed still had me s

28、truggling to do well on my tests.My teacher willingly helped me and was always willing to answer my questions, and I greatly appreciated it.He was a remarkable teacher, always reaching out to students and helping them achieve their greatest potential. I remembered the day of writing my final exam, I

29、 was the last one still writing in the exam room as always, reviewing my exam paper, while everyone else had already finished and left the room.After turning in my exampaper, I started to leave the classroom, but decided to turn around and say what I had meant to say. What I did right then was that

30、I sincerely thanked my teacher for everything.What I said to him lastly meant a lot more to him than I thought it would“I really enjoyed this class.” I did not think much about it.I was just being honest with him, but the look on his face was remarkable.He seemed really touched and appreciated my si

31、mple comment, just knowing that one of his students had truly enjoyed his class.That is what I call a simple, yet very meaningful act of kindness to brighten a teachers day, because they work so hard for us and truly inspire us to learn. It is what we say and do to show concern to others that can ma

32、ke somebody elses day extra special.I believe that a simple praise can mean a lot more than one can think. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了一位自己在高 中读书时遇到的老师，老师极大地帮助了作者。通过自己的经历， 作者体会到“一句简单的赞美可能对别人意味着很多，甚至超出 了一个人的想象”。 8What can we know from the first paragraph? AThe author was good at learning. BThe author didnt do

33、well in writing. CThe classes had the author struggling. DThe teacher answered all the authors questions. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was not the best student when it came to writing tests.(在写作测试时，我不是最好的学生)” 可知，在高中阶段，作者的写作水平不高。故选B。 答案：B 9Why is the author thankful to his teacher? AHe taught him how to learn.

34、 BHe let him pass the tests. CHe helped arouse his potential. DHe listened to him patiently. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My teacher willingly helped me and was always willing to answer my questions, and I greatly appreciated it.He was a remarkable teacher, always reaching out to students and helping them achie

35、ve their greatest potential.(我的老师很 乐意帮助我，总是乐意回答我的问题，我非常感谢。他是一位杰出 的老师，总是帮助学生发挥他们最大的潜力)”可推知，作者作为他 的学生，也被激发了潜能，因此非常感谢他的老师。故选C。 答案：C 10Which words can describe the teacher? AHonest and kind. BKind and outstanding. CSpecial and patient. DSkillful and clever. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My teacher willingly helped m

36、e and was always willing to answer my questions, and I greatly appreciated it.He was a remarkable teacher, always reaching out to students and helping them achieve their greatest potential.(我的老师 很乐意帮助我，总是乐意回答我的问题，我非常感谢。他是一位 杰出的老师，总是帮助学生发挥他们最大的潜力)”可知，这位 老师是非常善良和优秀的。故选B。 答案：B 11What does the passage m

37、ainly talk about? AA teacher is always helping his students. BWe should be honest with others. CWe should appreciate others help. DA simple comment matters a lot to others. 解析：主旨大意题。根据作者讲述了个人经历，尤其最后一段中 的“I believe that a simple praise can mean a lot more than one can think.(我相信，一句简单的赞美可能意味着很多，甚至超出了一

38、 个人的想象)”可知，作者通过这篇文章主要告诉了我们一个道 理“一个简单的评论对别人很重要”。故选D。 答案：D D (2020安徽蚌埠市高三下质检)If youve started thinking about your career (职业), youll probably have noticed that there are certain jobs youre just not supposed to do if youre a girl.However, a lot is happening today to get women into maledominated (男性主导的)

39、 areas of work.This International Womens Day, we look at three areas of work where things are tough for women right nowbut where change is happening. Science and research The situation today Have you heard of STEM? STEM means science, technology, engineering and maths.It covers a whole range of jobs

40、, from scientists who research cures for diseases, to engineers who design things like buildings, roads and bridges.These jobs are highly skilled.But of every eight people in a STEM job, only one is a woman. Why we need more women in science? The lack of women in STEM jobs is becoming a national pro

41、blem.The government is worried there simply wont be enough scientists and engineers in the future.This could affect the whole economy because, as a country, we can sell our technology and skills to other countries.STEM jobs also create more work further down the line, such as for construction worker

42、s who build roads and bridges. The police The situation today In March 2015, the percentage of female police officers stood at 28%.This compares with 22% nine years earlier in 2006.And the percentage has not always risen over this period.In fact, it peaked (达 到顶峰) in 2010 before falling, before flat

43、lining over the next three years. Why we need more women in the police force? The police are there for the whole community and that includes women! Because crime is often to do with sex, or violence by men against women, a woman police officer might be more understanding or more approachable.Studies

44、 also suggest that women tend to trust other women more than men.Women can also be more understanding.Often, when a person comes forward to report an incident, such as a problem at home or with neighbours, women are often better at listening and at understanding other peoples problems, while men are

45、 more likely to be dismissive. 语篇解读本文是说明文。文章介绍了目前对女性来说比 较困难的三个工作领域中两个领域的现状和原因。 12What do we learn about women in paragraph 1? AThey are hard to find jobs. BThey have a wider choice of jobs. CThey change jobs at times. DThey act better in doing mans jobs. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“youll probably have noticed t

46、hat there are certain jobs youre just not supposed to do if youre a girl.However，a lot is happening today to get women into maledominated areas of work”可知，虽然一些职业不适合女性， 然而，现在有很多女性进入男性主导领域的工作。也就是说现在 女性的工作领域宽了，有了更多的工作选择，故选B。 答案：B 13What could be the consequence of the lack of women in science? AIt crea

47、tes more jobs. BIt leads to national chaos. CIt influences the economic development. DIt brings about the technological revolution. 解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“The government is worried there simply wont be enough scientists and engineers in the future.This could affect the whole economy because, as a country, w

48、e can sell our technology and skills to other countries.”可知，科学研究领域如果 没有足够的女性科学家和工程师，可能会影响整个经济的发展。 故选C。 答案：C 14What can be inferred from the studies on female police? AMale police are not so trustworthy as female police. BFemale police hardly care about common incidents. CFemale police officers are e

49、asier to communicate with. DThe percentage of female police is always on the increase. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“a woman police officer might be more understanding or more approachable.Studies also suggest that women tend to trust other women more than men.Women can also be more understanding.women are often

50、better at listening and at understanding other peoples problems, while men are more likely to be dismissive”可知，女警官可能更善解人意或更平易近人。研究 还表明，比起男性，女性更容易信任其他女性。女人也更善解人 意。女性通常更善于倾听和理解别人的问题，而男人则更容易不 屑一顾。由此推知女警官更容易沟通，故选C。 答案：C 15What is most likely to be discussed following the last paragraph? AOccupation guid

51、ance. BWomens advantages. CMandominated careers. DAnother area of work. 解析：推理判断题。第一段提到“we look at three areas of work where things are tough for women right now”说明了本文的主要内容， 介绍目前对女性来说比较困难的三个工作领域。随后分析了 science and research和the police两个领域的情况，所以下文应该是 介绍第三个领域的情况，故选D。 答案：D 考点二观点态度题 方法点津 典例剖析 (2020高考全国卷阅读C

52、节选)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. Like running, race walking is physically demanding. . .But the sports strange form does place con

53、siderable stress on the ankles and hips. 31Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking? ASkeptical. BObjective. CTolerant. DConservative. 答题思路判断作者的观点态度，可以从作者的语言表达方 式来判断。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to

54、fewer injuries.It does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明， 竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过， 它也有自己的问题。后面三段也是客观地描述该项运动的特点， 由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度没有任何倾向性，而是客观的。 故选B项。 干扰项排除作者通过文章客观介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多 的优势，也说明之前受过伤的人，要想从事竞走要谨慎，最好咨 询专家的建议。skeptical怀疑的；tolerant容忍的；conservative 保 守的。因此，A、C、D三项均不符合，故排除。 A (2020黑龙江大庆第一中学高

55、三三模改编)The 5yearold mountain lion, P45, has managed to cross busy roads safely, has avoided rat poison and has successfully claimed his territory (领地) under all challenges that have hindered other members of the mountain lion population in the Santa Monica Mountain.His deadly mistake, however, was do

56、ing what mountain lions naturally do so well: killing and eating. Over the weekend, P45 apparently broke into two farms, killing 10 alpacas (羊驼) at one property and a goat and an alpaca at the other.P45 was identified as the criminal by a tracking device he wears. Its illegal to hunt mountain lions

57、in California thanks to 1990s Proposition 117, but the rule included an exception for residents whose livestock is killed by a lion.And on Nov.28, the owner of the 10 dead alpacas requested and received a special “depredation permit” (掠夺许可) to hire a hunter to kill P45.The 10day permit allows the hu

58、nter to cover a 10mile range around the farm in search of the lion.Hunters often attract the lion with a deer. The farmer owner is within her legal rights to have the lion killed.But killing P45 is not the answer, especially when he is one of the few adult male mountain lions in an isolated populati

59、on that is at risk of extinction. Of course, people should be allowed to protect themselves and their children if a mountain lion attacks.But the law that allows the issuance of the depredation permit essentially gives the livestock owner the right to decide whether the lion should live or die.There

60、 is no evaluation by wildlife official as to whether the lion poses a further threat to humans or animals. Los Angeles residents are lucky to live near wild, open spaces large enough to sustain mountain lions.Surely there is a better way to manage the conflicts that arise when humans and their domes