牙体牙髓病学_英文试题

1、、选择题牙体牙髓病学英文试题1. 对牙髓最具有破坏性的是A.Nd激光C.红激光E.牙髓活力电测定仪2. 感染根管常见的优势菌不包括A.普氏菌C.G+细菌E.梭形杆菌3. 备洞时易损伤牙髓的因素不包括A.施力大C.持续常时间钻磨E.不用冷却剂4. 与顽固性根尖周病变和窦道经久ICB.C02激光D.光固化灯CB.放线菌D.真杆菌BB. 用冷却剂D.制备深的窝洞田菌为B1个颊根管和1个近颊、1A.普氏菌C.G+细菌E.梭形杆菌5. 判断牙髓活力最可靠的检查方法是A.热诊C. 牙髓活力电测定E.X线检查6. 诊断残髓炎最准确的依据是A.叩诊C.病史E.探查治疗后根管有痛觉 7急性根尖周脓肿最佳的排脓途

2、径A. 从牙周间隙排脓C. 经根管从龋洞排脓E.以上都不对&感染侵入牙髓组织的途径A.深龋C. 深牙周袋E.以上都有可能9. 根尖周炎疼痛最剧烈的阶段是A. 粘膜下脓肿期C.浆液期E.痿管形成期10. 上颌第一磨牙的根管形态特点是：A. 多数是2根管，即B. 多数是3根管，即C. 多数是4根管，即2个近颊、D. 多数是4根管，即1个近颊、B.放线菌D.真杆菌B.冷诊D. 试验性备洞B. 牙髓活力测试D.症状B. 从颊、舌侧粘膜或皮肤排出D. 从上颌窦或鼻腔排脓B. 深牙隐裂D. 重度磨耗B. 骨膜下脓肿期D.根尖脓肿期1个腭根管个远颊和1个腭根管1个远颊和1个腭根管2个远颊和1个腭根管11.1

3、2.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.E. 多数是4根管，即1个近颊、1个远颊和2个腭根管15号标准根管锉的锉尖直径和刃部末端直径分别是：A.0.10mm 和 0.47mmC.0.15mm 和 0.45mmE. 以上都不对弯曲根管预备的常见并发症是:A. 根管台阶C. 牙周组织坏死E. 误戏和误咽根管预备的工作长度是指：A. 牙的实际长度C. 从牙冠参照点到解剖根尖孔B.0.10mm 和 0.45mmD.0.15mm 和 0.47mmB. 药物性根尖周炎D. 皮下气肿B. 从牙冠参照点到牙本质牙釉质界D. 从牙冠参照点到生理根尖孔E.从牙冠参照点到距生理根尖孔 0.51mm根管成

4、形的标准是：A. 根管比原来直径至少扩大3个器械号B. 根尖预备到20号标准器械C. 根管内无大量渗出D. 根管冲洗无混浊液体E. 根管内无严重气味下列哪一项不是牙髓切断术的潜在并发症：A.根髓感染B.根管钙化C. 内吸收D.牙髓坏死E. 髓室穿孔下列哪一项描述不是玻璃离子粘固剂修复术窝洞预备的特点（）A. 玻璃离子粘固剂与牙体组织有化学粘接，对固位形的要求可放宽B. 不必作倒凹、鸠尾等固位形C. 去除龋坏牙本质，必须作预防性扩展D. 窝洞的点、线角圆钝E. 洞缘釉质不作斜面深龋患者激发痛较重，洞底软龋能够彻底去净，治疗方法应选择（）A. 双层垫底，一次完成充填治疗B. 局麻下开髓失活，行牙髓

5、治疗C. 先做安抚治疗，待12周复诊时症状消除后，再以双层垫底充填治疗D. 实行活髓切断术A.探诊C.X线E. 间接盖髓、双层垫底，一次完成充填治疗 临床上不易查出的继发龋可用下列哪些方法帮助诊断（）B.温度测验D.染色法E.麻醉法深龋备洞时，下列哪项措施是错误的（）A.洞底平、侧壁直，两相垂直B.去尽腐质C. 保护牙髓D.洞缘线圆钝E. 尽量保留健康牙体组织复合树脂充填后脱落的原因如下，除了（）21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.A.制备了固位形C.酸蚀后的牙面接触唾液E.充填体过薄下列哪项不是窝洞的基本固位形 （） A.侧壁固位C.倒凹固位E.梯形固位 制备倒凹是为了：（

6、）A.获得良好的抗力形C.便于垫底E.便于放置盖髓剂V类洞充填备洞时，要求：（）A.适当的固位形C.必须做鸠尾E.底平壁直B.牙齿表面未注意清洁D.未制备洞斜面B.钉道固位D.鸠尾固位B.获得良好的固位形D.便于充填B.严格的抗力形D. 口小底大右下颌第一恒磨牙颊面龋洞破坏越过边缘嵴至咬合面窝沟是：（）A类洞B.II类洞C.III类洞D.IV类洞E.V类洞垫底的部位为：（）A.仅在髓壁B.仅在轴壁C.仅在侧壁D.仅在髓壁和轴壁E.任何壁均可垫下列说法正确的是A. 男性患龋率略高于女性B. 龋病流行率主要随社会经济模式而变化C. 龋病流行模式依靠地理环境而改变D. 遗传因素对龋病的发生和发展产生

7、重要的影响E. 环境因素对龋病的发生和发展无影响釉质龋损害的4个区不包括A.坏死区B.透明带C.暗带D.损害体部E.釉质表面层牙本质龋损在光镜下可看到微生物渗透至牙本质小管的区域是A.坏死区B.感染层C.牙本质脱矿区D.硬化区E.修复性牙本质层静止龋属于A.急性龋B.慢性龋C.继发龋D.牙釉质龋E.牙骨质龋病程进展快，多数牙在短期内同时患龋的急性龋称为A.湿性龋B.慢性龋C.干性龋D.继发龋E.猛性龋31. Which is the best way of pain con trol for en dodo ntic treatme ntALocal an estheticsBDevitali

8、zati onCAn algesicsDOcclusal reduct ionEIncising and drain age32. Which one is not the reas on for use of rubber damA Protect aspirati on or swallowi ng of in strume nts or irriga ntsBElimi nate the den tal fear of patie ntsC Improve visibilityD Reduced risk of cross-c on tam in ati onE Legal con si

9、derati ons33. The follow ing stateme nts are correct exceptA Nearly all can als exhibit a certa in degree of curvature.BThere may be more tha n one can als with in one root.CThe apical forame n usually ope ns at the an atomical apex.D Apical con stricti on occurs at 0.51mm from the apical forame n.E

10、 Lateral and accessory can als might be the cause of treatme nt failure.34. Which one is wrong regard ing the prin ciple of access cavityA Straight-l ine accessBCon servati on of tooth structureC Un roofi ng of the chamber and exposure of pulp hornsD .Facial surface of an terior teethE Occlusal surf

11、ace of posterior teeth35. The adva ntages of gutta-percha as a fill ing material areA It is compactible and adapts excelle ntly to the irregularities and con tour of the canalB It is radiopaqueC It can be easily removed from the canal whe n n ecessaryD It can be softe ned and made plastic by heat or

12、 by orga nic solve ntsE All of the above36. Which one is in correct about the criteria of the root canal is ready to be filled after the completi on of root canal clea ning and shap ing?AThe tooth is asymptomatic.BThe canal is wet.CThere is no sinus tract.DThere is no foul odor.E The temporary filli

13、 ng is in tact37. Which one is not the pathways of pulpal and periapical infections?ADen ti nal tubulesBPulp exposureCGin givalDPeriodo ntal ligame ntEAn achoresis38. Tug-back is achieved and the canal is ready for filli ngAWhen the gutta-percha has exte nded bey ond the apexBWhen the gutta-percha i

14、s easily removed from the root canalC When the gutta-percha placed to apical con stricti on exhibits resista nee on removalDAfter ceme ntati onE None of above39. Most root canal infections in volveA a sin gle obligate an aerobic speciesB multiple an aerobic species onlyC mixed aerobic and an aerobic

15、 microorga ni smsD multiple aerobic species onlyE none of above40. An abno rmally shaped tooth that may appear as an extra wide crow n,a no rmal crow n with an extra root,or other comb in atio ns result ing from the union of two adjace nt tooth germs by dentin duri ng developme nt is calledAfused te

16、ethBcon crese nee of teethCgem in ated teethDdilacerati ons of toothE taurodo ntism41. Which isn t the neoiperative treatment of dental caries in the following?Aapplicati on of fluorideBapplicati on of APF gelCremin eralizative therapyDen ameloplastyE pit and fissure seali ng42. Which is not the aim

17、 of operative therapy on the den tal caries man ageme nt?A To remove in fected dentine and prohibit cariesB To protect the pulp and avoid painCTo enhance the stre ngth of the toothD To facilitate plaque con trolE To restore the appeara nce(of teeth)a nd its function43. Which is the best stateme nt a

18、bout resista nee formAResista nee form is the desig n of a cavity in such a way that the remai ning tooth substa neeand the restorative material can withsta nd masticatory stressB The bulk required will depe nd on the flexural stre ngth of restorative material.I n the case of amalgam it is estimated

19、 that a minimum of 1.5-2mm thickness of the restorative material is required to withsta nd masticatory stressC If a margi nal ridge is found to be too weak in the cause of an occlusal cavity preparati on,a Class II cavity may have to be prepared in stead,so as to elim in ate the weak marginal ridge.

20、This is particularly indicated where the ridge is only of enamel thickness and unsupported by sound dentineD The cavity should be designed that the occlusal margins of the cavity are in areas not subjected to excessive occlusal trauma,otherwise the en amel wall of the cavity an d/or the margins of t

21、he restorative material may fracture .In practice,this may be achieved by placi ng an occlusal margins of a cavity about one-quarter(1/4)of the intercuspal distance.Note,that efforts should always be made to con serve sound tooth tissueE All of the above44. Which is the most dan ger area of tooth in

22、 den tal caries occurred after you have lear ned den tal caries?A Pits and fissures on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolarsB Approximal surfaces of all teeth.CGin gival thirds of all teeth,both on facial and lin gual surfacesD Pits and fissures n ear the lin gual of maxillary in cisors and cani

23、n es(l in gual pits)E Pits and fissures on the buccal of molars45. Which is not true in the followi ng stateme nt about den tal caries and micro-orga ni sms?A Caries could bein ducedby specific bacteria,especially muta nsstreptococci-group (eg.Streptococcus mutans and Strep.sobrinus).B There are car

24、ies occurred when only fed a cariogenic(high sucrose)diet .C In the 60Keyes infected germ-free animals with known strains of streptococci and found that these orga ni sms were tran sferred to unin fected litter mates who the n became susceptible to caries.He thus dem on strated that den tal caries w

25、as pote ntially in fectious and tran smissible.D When talkingabout cariogenic microorganisms,weoften refer to Streptococcusmuta ns,Lactobacillus and Actinom yces.E Occlusal caries could be preve nted using peni cilli n in ani mal study.46. The adva ntages glass-i ono mer ceme nt in cludeAhigh adhesi

26、 on propertiesB low abrasi on propertiesC use as a perma nent restorati onDreduct ion in caries due to fluoride releas ing propertiesE all of the above47. Which one of the stateme nts is error in rete ntive pin placeme ntA be avoided bifurcatio n and trifurcati on areasB parallel to the exter nal su

27、rface of the toothC many pin holes be better placed in differe nt pla nesD the len gth of pin in dentine should be Ion ger tha n that of in restorati onEbe in the hardest den ti ne48. The reas ons of spontan eous pain after tooth fill ing in cludeAmistake nly judge the con diti on of pulpBn eglect s

28、mall pulp exposureCirritati on of materials to pulpDresidual carious den ti neE all of the above49. Which of the follow ing is a con tra-i ndicati on to en dod on tic treatme ntA DiabetesBPregnancyCHIV- in fected patie ntsD Patie nt sufferi ng from heart attack with in past 6 mon thsECan cer50. Cen

29、tral cusp is most com mon inAmaxillary the sec ond premolarsBmaxillary the first premolarsCman dibular the first premolarsDman dibular the sec ond premolarsE maxillary the sec ond molars51. Submerged deciduous teeth occurs most com mon inAprimary maxillary the sec ond molarsBprimary maxillary the fi

30、rst molarsCprimary cen tral in cisorsDprimary man dibular the sec ond molarsEprimary man dibular the first molars52. In clin ical assessme nt,which is not correct?A Spontan eous discomfort at ni ght provide a clue as the tooth is in flamedB Vitalometer tests are very un reliableC If the tooth is exc

31、essively mobile,it may have abno rmal root resorpti onDSwelli ng or with a fistulous tract is in dicative of a n ecrotic pulpE No pain history affirmed no in flammatio n53. If you mecha ni cally expose the mesiobuccal pulp horn on the primary maxillary firstmolar.The carious lesion on the mesial and

32、 distal surfaces is moderate,the treatment now should beA Pulp capp ing with Ca(OH)2;restor with silver amalgamB Pulpotomy;restored with a stai nless steel crow nC Pulpectomy;restored with a sta ini ess steel crow nD Pulp capp ing with Ca(OH)2;restored with a sta ini ess steel crow nEExtract ion and

33、 a space maintainer54. The tooth of root fracture should be treated with spli nt forA2-3 weeksB1-2weeksC3-8 weeksD2-3 mon thsE1-2 mon ths55. In which situati on below the pulp would be exposed?AEn amel in fracti onBEn amel fraciureCEn amel-de nti n fractureDComplicated crown fractureE Un complicated

34、 crow n-root fracture56. We should advocate a rout ine den tal appo in tme nt on or beforeAthe ZERO birthdayBthe first birthdayCthe sec ond birthdayDthe third birthdayE the six birthday57. The order of susceptibility of the primary teeth to carious attack is as followsAMan dibular primary molarMaxil

35、lary primary in cisorMaxillary primary molarma ndibularprimary an terior teethB Maxillary primary in cisorMaxillary primary molarma ndibular primary molarma ndibular primary an terior teethC Maxillary primaryin cisorma ndibularprimary molarma ndibular primary an teriorteethMaxillary primary molarD M

36、axillary primary in cisorma ndibular primary molarMaxillary primary molarma ndibularprimary an terior teeth molarMaxillary primary molarMaxillary primary in cisorma ndibularprimaryan terior teethma ndibular primary58. A 7 year old boy with bilateral loss of the mandibularprimary first and secondmola

37、rs,which of the followi ng may be bestABand and loop respectivelyBLin gual archCRemovable applia ncesDDistal shoeE None of them59. Cli nical features of den tal fluorosis do n ot in cludeA The lesi on symmetrically distributed in the mouth,but not all teeth are equally affectedB The least affected t

38、eeth are the in cisors and first perma nent molarsCChan ges from fine white opaque lines running across the tooth on all parts of the en amel to features where parts of the chalky white and porous outer en amel become detached and discoloredD The loss of surface en amel in the severest cases results

39、 in a loss of an atomical form of the teethE Well-demarcated borders lesi on along in creme ntal li neB Osteitis60. For in trusive luxati on of teeth,the most com mon complicati on isA Pulp n ecrosisC Root resorpti onD Alveolar process resorptio nE All of above、名词解释1、acquired pellicle3、in direct pul

40、p capp ing5、自发痛和激发痛7、Smear layer9、 Initial apical file2、resista nee form4、retrograde pilpitis6、 Dentine hypersensitivity8 Pulpotomy10、Dental plaque三、简答题1. 简述影响根管冲洗效果的因素2. 简述深龋的治疗特点3. 简述深龋的治疗特点4. 简述窝洞的基本固位形5. 简述牙隐裂的病因6. What is the sequelae of root fractures?7. Please briefly describe the ben efits o

41、f root canal irrigati on.8. What is the goals of pulp therapy in childre n?9. What are the properties of the Carioge nic Bacteria?四、问答题1、详述窝洞的结构及窝洞预备的基本原则结构2、引起牙髓活力测定误诊的原因是什么？3、根尖周脓肿与急性牙周脓肿的鉴别要点4、Please discuss the purpose of root canal preparation and the procedures of Step-down technique.5、 Explai

42、n the indications and types of pulp treatment for primary and young permanent teeth.6、State The Principles Of Cavity Preparation on Amalgam Restoration.答案一、选择:1CCBBD6 ECEBC11DADAE16CCCAA21BBAAD26BABBE31BCDEB36CCCAD41DCEAB46EDEDA51DEBDD56BDCEA二、名词解释1、acquired pellicle :唾液蛋白或糖蛋白吸附至牙面所形成的生物膜称获得性膜。2、res

43、ista nee form :修复体和余留牙结构获得足够抗力，在承受合力时不折裂的形状称抗力形。3、in direct pulp capp in g(P91)用具有消炎和促进牙髓-牙本质修复反应的制剂覆盖于洞底，促进软化牙本质再矿化和修复性牙本质形成，从而全部生活牙髓的方法叫间接盖髓术。4、retrograde pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎：感染来源于深牙周袋，通过根尖孔或测副根管逆行入牙髓，引起跟部牙髓的慢性炎症。5、自发痛和激发痛自发痛是指患牙在未受到外界刺激而发生的疼痛。激发痛是指患牙受到外界刺激而发生的疼痛。6、De ntine Hyperse nsitivityDen ti ne h

44、yperse nsitivity is a form of hyperse nsitivitycaused by the effect ofthermal,tactile,osmotic or chemical stimuli on exposed den ti ne.7、smear layerCutt ing or abradi ng the hard tissues with rotary and hand in strume nts produces a little chips or particles which attached to the tooth surface produ

45、ce the smear layer8、PulpotomyIt is in dicated for carious or mecha nical exposures in primary teeth and to in duce root closures in the young perma nent den titi on9.i nitial apical fileThe first file that binds in the canal at WL.10. de ntal plaqueAn adhere nt deposits of bacteria and their product

46、s,which is not min eralized and forms on all tooth,de nture restorati ons surfaces .It is not an accide nt accumulatio n of bacteria but develops in a seque nee of steps.三、简答题1、简述影响根管冲洗效果的因素a药物种类；b根管的直径；c冲洗的液体量；d病变情况；e根管内玷污层2、简述深龋的治疗特点a停止龋病发展，促进牙髓的防御性反应；b保护牙髓c正确判断牙髓状况；d治疗方法：垫底充填，安抚治疗，间接盖髓术3、简述窝洞的基本固

47、位形a侧壁固位；b到凹固位；c鸠尾固位；d梯形固位4、简述牙隐裂的病因a牙结构的薄弱环节是隐裂牙发生的易感因素b牙尖斜度愈大，所产生的水平分力愈大c创伤性合力5. What is the sequelae of root fractures?Heali ng with calcified tissueHeali ng with in terproximal conn ective tissueHeali ng with in terproximal bone and conn ective tissueIn terproximal in flammatory tissue without he

48、ali ng6. Please briefly describe the ben efits of root canal irrigati on.Gross debrideme ntFreque ncy and volume of irriga ntIn traca nal placeme nt of delivery n eedleElim in ati on of microbesDissoluti on of pulp remnantsRemoval of the smear layerLubricati ng in strume nt7. What is the goals of pu

49、lp therapy in childre n?Allow ing the tooth to rema in in the mouth in a non pathologic state?Ma intenance of arch len gth and tooth space?Restorati on of comfort with the ability to chew?Preve nti on of speech abno rmalities and abno rmal habits8. What are the properties of the Carioge nic Bacteria

50、?Acidoge ni c:they are able to produce acid rapidly from ferme ntable carbohydrates. ?Aciduric:They thrive un der acid con diti ons.?Adherent:Able to adhere to the tooth surface because of their ability to synthesize sticky extracelluar polysaccharides from dietary sugars.四、问答题1详述窝洞的结构及窝洞预备的基本原则结构洞壁

51、：测壁，髓壁（轴壁）洞角：线角，点角，轴髓线角洞缘：洞缘角抗力形：洞深，盒状洞形，阶梯结构，窝洞的外形，去除无基釉和避免形成无基釉，薄壁弱尖的处理固位形：侧壁固位，倒凹固位，鸠尾固位，梯形固位原则去净龋坏组织保护牙髓组织尽量保留健康牙体组织2、引起牙髓活力测定误诊的原因是什么？引起假阳性反应的原因 探头或电极接触了大面积的金属修复体或牙龈，使电流流向了牙周组织； 未充分隔湿或干燥受试牙，以至电流泄漏至牙周； 液化性坏死的牙髓有可能传导电流至根尖周，当电流调节到最大刻度时，患者可能会缓慢抬手示意； 患者过度紧张和焦虑，以致在探头刚接触牙面或被问知感受时即抬手。引起假阴性反应的原因 患者事先用过镇

52、痛剂、麻醉剂或酒精饮料等，使之不能正常地感知电刺激; 探头或电极未能有效地接触釉质，以致妨碍了电流到达牙髓； 根尖尚未发育完全的新萌出牙，其牙髓通常对电刺激无反应； 根管内过度钙化的牙，其牙髓对电刺激通常无反应，常见于一些老年患牙; 刚受到外伤的患牙可能对电刺激无反应。3 根尖周脓肿与急性牙周脓肿的鉴别要点急性根尖周脓肿急性牙周脓肿感染来源感染根管牙周袋病史较长期牙体缺损史 牙痛史牙髓治疗史长期牙周炎史牙体情况深龋洞近髓的非龋疾病修复体一般无牙体疾病牙髓活力多无多有牙周袋无深，迂回曲折脓肿部位靠近根尖部中心位于龈颊沟附近较近牙龈炎脓肿范围较弥漫局限于牙周袋壁疼痛程度重相对较轻牙松动度相对轻，病

53、愈后牙恢复稳固明显，消肿后仍很松动叩痛很重相对较轻X片无明显异常表现，若患牙为慢性根尖周 炎急性发作者，根尖周牙槽骨显现透射 影像牙槽骨脊破坏，可有骨下袋病程相对较长，脓液自根尖周向外排除的时间约需5 6天相对较短，一般34天可自溃4.Please discuss the purpose of root canal preparation and the procedures of Step-down tech niq ue.Purpose of preparati onClea nin g:to remove all contents of the root canal system bef

54、ore and duri ng shap ingEn tails the use of irriga nts and in strume ntsIrrigation serves to clean the canalShaping:to establish a specific cavity form fulfilling five mechanical objectivesEn tails the use of in strume ntsIn strume ntatio n serves to shape the canal2. Procedures of step-down techniq

55、ueAccess cavityRadicular access 根管通路 Straight H or K-files of sizes 15,20,25 and 30 are used to a depth which is 2/3 of theradiographic len gth of the root,or where the file starts to bi nd aga inst the canal wall(RALI) An ticurvature fili ngG-G drills#2(RAL2)a nd#3(RAL3)are used to continue the coronal flari ngRAL2=RAL1-2mmRAL3=RAL2-2mmWL determ in ati onApical preparati on Precurved K-files from IAF to MAF are seque ntial used to