完整word版美国社会与文化

1、Listening Comprehension （ 1*10=10）【1个对话， 2篇段落】Multiple choice （1*20=20 ）【单元测试中 1-8 单元的选择题】Term Explanation5*4=20）1. Blended Family 7Blended family is one type of the American family stuctures.This is a family chooses in which two persons remarry . These two persons both once got divorced ,but have c

2、hildren. In the new family ,they make both groups of children live together.2. The Great Depression 2During most of the 1920s,the Unite States enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity. The boom was fueled by an inflated stock market, which later led to a crash on October 29, 1929. This, along with

3、many other economic factors, triggered a world-wide depression known as the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment increased from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manufacturing output collapsed by one-third.3. Mother s Day 4 The modern Mothers Day as

4、celebrated in the US holiday as a day to honor mothers and motherhood; especially within the context of families, and family relationships. It is now celebrated on various days in many p arts of the world. The Un ited States celebrates Mothers Day on the second Sunday in May. The holiday was created

5、 by Anna Jarvis in Grafto n. West Virgi nia, i n 1908 as a day to honor ones mother.4. The lvy league 5 The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising 8 private institutions of higher education such as Harvard University , Yale University and so on in the Northeastern United States. In addition

6、, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide.5. Affirmative Acti on 7 Affirmative action is a policy or program intended to promote access to education

7、or employment for min ority groups and wome n. Motivation for affirmative action policies is to redress the effects of past discrim in ati on and to en courage p ublic in stituti ons such as uni versities, hos pitals, and p olice forces to be more rep rese ntative of the popu lati on.6. The Bill of

8、Rights 3 The Con stituti on has twen ty-seve n ame ndme nts. The first ten, collectively known as the Bill of Rights , were ratified simultaneously by 1791. The following seventeen were ratified sep arately over the n ext two cen turies. They were in troduced by Jame Madis on and Thomas Jeffers on w

9、as a supp orter of the bill of rights. For example , First Amendment -reedom of speech, of the press, Freedom of Religion, and of assembly; right to petition.Third Amendment - Protection from quarteri ng of troops.7.April Fool Day 4 April Fool Day is a day celebrated in many countries on April 1. Th

10、e day is marked by the commissi on of hoaxes and other p ractical jokes of varying sophistication on friends, family members, enemies and neighbors. April Fools Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with differe nt n ati on alities sp ecializ ing in their own brand of humor

11、 at the expense of their friends and families.8.SAT 5 Scholastic Assessme nt Test and Scholastic Ap titude Test The SAT and ACT are the most com mon standardized tests that students take when applying to college. Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests (formerly known as

12、 SAT Ils), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a p articular subject matter. Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sect ions .In clud ing math critical read ing and writi ng .四.True or False (1*10=10)【教学课件中的内容】五.Questio ns （10*2=20）1. What are

13、 the advantages and disadvantages of jury system （陪审团制度）in the Judicial System （司法系统）of the United States ? 3Adva ntages:Firstly, it is formed by ordi nary people who have differe nt kinds of jobs. Secon dly , it is democratic . Thirdly , it help to enhance the credibility of the trial （提高审判公信 力.Fou

14、rthly , it has law-making function （造法功能）.The last , it also haseducational function （教育功能）Disadva ntages:Firstly,most members of the jury do not have the legal expertise缺乏法律专业知识 ）. Whatmore, if the Gover nment cannot p rotect the jury well , the situati on that the jury is being bought off or being

15、 threatened will be frequently happen. This will en able the upper social strata to have a good umbrella.如 果政府对陪审团保护不禾 U 的情况下，很容易发生陪审团被买通被威胁的事件，这样使社会上层人士有个很好的保护伞。）2. Please give a brief introduction of the family structure in theUni ted States. 8The American family structure is considered a traditio

16、nal family support system involving two married individuals providing care and stability for their biological offspring.Nuclear family structure , a traditi onal family support system inv olvi ng two married in dividuals pro vid ing care and stability for their biological offspring. Over the time, t

17、he traditi onal nu clear family structure has had to ada pt to very in flue ntial cha nges, including divorce and the introduction of single-parent families, teenage pregnancy un wed mothers, homosexuality, same-sex marriagea nd in creased in terest inadoption. Social moveme nts such as the femi nis

18、t moveme nt and the stay-at-home dad have con tributed to the creatio n of alter native family forms.Sin gle Parent families The families with on ly a mother or only a fatherBle nded family .This is a family in which two persons remarry. These two persons both once got divorced, but have childre n.

19、In the new family, they make both groups of childre n live together.DINK family chooses not to have childre n for many differe nt reas ons.3. Please give a brief introduction of American table manners andeating habits and compare them with Chinese Ones. 6The Table manners in America and China are di

20、fferent. In America , they start with the outer utensils . Only spoon provided is soup spoon . Salad fork has thicker tine at left . Most inner fork and knife are for meat .If tea or coffee is going to be served a teaspoon will be brought out with it . The Eating Habits in America are follows. Food

21、is passed to the right., Try little of everything,Keep table cloth clean . Food lifted to mouth. Repulsive to talk with mouth full. No elbows on table. Business is discussed during the mealEating Habits in China is Sample every dish on table .When we eating rice, hold bowl close to mouth. Eat lightl

22、y at meals, could be up to 20 courses. We also use chopsticks to have meal.Business is not always discussed during a meal4. Please give a brief introduction of American Civil war. 2The South declared independence, provoked the civil war .The Civil War began on April 12, 1861. On April 15, Lincoln ca

23、lled on the states to send 75,000 troops to recapture forts, protect the capital, and preserve the Union. The American Civil War was one of the earliest true industrial wars in human history. It remains the deadliest （最致命的 ）war in American history. Its legacy includes ending slavery in the United St

24、ates, restoring the Union, strengthening the role of the federal government.5. Nowadays more and more western festivals are introduced to Chinese people. What is possible effect on Chinese society ，culture and economy ？Besides ， how to introduce traditional Chinese holidays to western countries . 4

25、People in china are celebrating foreign festivals for merely fun. Western festivals begin to show their strong influence on people s values aonudr society. The western culture shows much of romance and endearment. The combination of the acceptance of western culture and the desire of western world h

26、appened long ago. The arising of celebrating foreign festivals apparently has something to do with the advancement of china s economWy.hen a major festival arrives, the business are trying every means to boost the atmosphere, thus finding opportunity to attract every possible customers. The atmosphe

27、re raised by the businessmen.How to introduce traditional Chinese holidays seems to be a challenges to us. We should use the easy words to describe the Chinese holidays .What we should do is to tell the origions of festivals to the western countries.6. How do American Universities select their students?