必修一第4单元知识点归纳

1、 必修 1unit4 知识点归纳1right/straightaway立刻，马上2giveoffasmellysmell3betoonervoustoeatbeonlytooglad/pleasedtocantbetoo发现难闻的气味太紧张而吃不下求之不得；当然非常愿意再也不过分过马路时，越小心越好。水管开裂whilecrossingtheroad,youcanneverbetoocareful!4thewaterpipescracked.5burstintotears burstoutcryingburstintolaughter burstoutlaughingburst/breakint

2、othehouseburstwithanger/joytheburstofaballoon突然大哭突然大笑突然闯入房子勃然大怒乐不可支气球爆了aburstoflaughter一阵笑声ata(one)burst一口气，一下子仿佛，好像6asif/though7atanend结束，终结cometoanend完成；结束putanendto=put/bringtoanendmakebothendsmeetendupwith使结束量入为出；使收支相抵以结束；endupd oing最终在做某事荒芜的8inruinslie/beinruins呈一片废墟theruinsofancientromebringto

3、ruin古罗马遗迹使 毁灭；使没落荒废；败落fallintoruingo/cometoruin毁灭；落空ruinoneshealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途辨析：ruin/damage/destroyruin: 在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭；damage：对物体的部分损害，暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能会降低，但这种破坏有可修复性；destroy：彻底毁掉或毁灭，无法或难以修复。9thesufferingwasextreme.损失惨重伤员10injured(a.)-theinjuredinjury(n.)-d osb.aninjury doaninjuryto

4、sb.伤害某人 beseverely/seriouslyinjured受重伤辨析：injure/wound/hurt/harminjure: 指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害；wound：指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt：多指精神上受到伤害，也指身体上的疼痛harm：指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害；损害；有害于”。11thinklittle/nothing/poorly/badlyof thinkalot/much /highly/wellofspeakwell/illof对评价低/不重视对评价高/重视说的好/

5、坏话speakhighpraisefor12blowsthaway对评价高吹走，刮走13therailwaytracksamuddytrack铁轨泥泞小道keep/losetrackof了解（的动态）,与保持/失去联系追踪导弹trackthemissile14tensofthousandsofcows成千上万的牛(1) 后可数名词复数：agreat/largenumberofagreat/goodmany quiteafew (2) 后不可数名词：agreatdealofagreat/largeamountof(3) 后可数名词复数或不可数名词agreat/largequantityof/qu

6、antitiesofmassesofplentyof15itsuseless/noused oing做没用文化冲击16cultureshockbein/gointoshockelectricshock休克电击beshockedattheshockingnewsbeshockedtodo对令人震惊的消息感到震惊深感意外地去做某事令某人震惊被困在 itshockssb.tod osth.17betrappedinset/layatrapfor为设下圈套 betrappedintod oingbecaughtinatrap被诱骗做某事陷入困境fallintoatrap落入陷阱18sufferfrom

7、naturaldisastersinthedisasterhit/strickenarea19arescueparty/teamcometoonesrescue遭受自然灾害之苦在灾区救援队救援，帮助矿工被人矿井救出来挖出被困人员挖掘/发现真相开始津津有味地吃米饭探寻中国历史把双手深深插入口袋寻找theminerswererescuedfromthecoalmines.20digoutthosewhoweretrappeddigoutthetruthdigintoabowlofricedigintochinesehistorydigoneshandsintoonespocketdigfor21b

8、ury in把 埋入beburiedalive被活埋beburiedinone swork buryoneselfin(d oing)buryonesfaceinoneshands22buildsheltersforsurvivorstakeshelterfrom;shelterfromshelterform埋头于，专心于双手掩面为幸存者建避难处避难，庇护保护不受伤害金属条/棒23metalbarsabarofchocolate一块巧克力endupbehindthebars最后进了监狱恐吓做/不做.一个令人恐怖的夜晚一个感到害怕的孩子拒绝/婉言谢绝 sb 的邀请演讲24frightensbin

9、to/outofdoingsthafrighteningnightafrightenedboy25turndown/declineonesinvitation26give/make/deliveraspeech27anewly-repairedbicycle一辆刚修好的自行车28congratulateyouonyoursuccess;congratulationstoyouonyoursuccess祝贺你成功29judgebetweenrightandwrongjudgingfrom/by判断是非从 . 判断judgeby/from从 上看；根据 判断据我判断，在我看来因而自豪asfaras

10、icanjudge30beproudof;takeprid ein 31makeanoutline列出提纲32expressmythankstoyouexpressonesopinion/concern/sympathyexpressaletter表达我对你的感谢表达观点/关心/同情用快件寄信theexpresstrain快速列车ablankexpressionononesface面无表情补充词汇：1.behonoredfor因 受到尊敬被尊为behonoredasbehonoredwith给 以荣誉feelhonoredtod odosb.anhonor因做而感到荣耀使某人有特殊的荣幸有幸做

11、某事havethehonorofd oingsth.inhonorof向表示敬意很荣幸做itsanhonortod o2.preparesth.for为准备某物为做准备prepareforpreparetodosth.准备做某事preparesb./oneselfforbe/getwellpreparedtodosth.inpreparationformakepreparationsfor3.shakehandswithsb.=shakesb.bythehandshakeoff使某人/自己做好准备为某事做好了准备为准备为 做好准备与某人握手抖掉；摆脱shakewithcold/anger/fe

12、ar4.giverisetosth.冻得/气得/吓得发抖引起/导致某事造反；反叛rise(up)againstgetarise=givesb.ariseontherise给某人提薪在上涨；在增长5. 辨析 country/nation/statecountry: 指国家时，侧重疆土或人口；nation: 侧重人民、民族；state: 侧重政体、政府，也可指组成国家的“州”重点句式：1. 表示部分否定的句型：allnot=notall并非所有的都(1) all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, alw

13、ays, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词 not 连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。(2)no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表否定意义的词或词组，与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。2. 分数表示法(1) 不带整数的分数表达方式为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于 1，分母的词尾应加 s。2/3 读作 two-thirds1/3 读作 a/onethird1/2 读作 a/onehalf5/12 读作 five-twelfths1/4 读作 a/onefourth 或 a/onequarter(2) 分数修饰或代表的名词作主语，其谓语的数由分数的修饰或代表