概要写作集锦

1、概要写作1E nvyIt familiarbutuncomfortablefeeling.Yourbestfriendwillmarryahandsomedoctor,andthecongratulatoryhugyouofferl acksge nuin ewarmth.Yourfrie ndismadetheteamfor Saturday biggame,a ndyoutakeacerta in pleasure in tell in ghimyou can b t etheretowatchhimplay.Yousmilebutavoice inyo urheadasks,whythe

2、ma ndno tyou?En vyisashortcomi ngofcharacterweliketokeepi no urheartsecretly.Howshamefulisit nottobelooki ngforwardwithdeligh ttoyourdayasyourbestfrie ndsbridesmaid!Whowouldhopeyourfrie ndmightsuffersomeinjury,soyouca ntakehisplace on thete am?En vyiseverywhere .I tseemstobei no urnaturetohateothers

3、giftsa ndgoodfort un e,especiallyifweseethemasadva ntagesth eyshould nthave.Envyraisesitsuglyheadwhenwefocusonwhatwewantbutwe don possessnow.Worsestill,wemayevenwishforandtakepl easure in some on eslos in gwhatwehavealwaysdesired.Whe ny oucompareyourselfa ndyourlife un favorablywithyourfrie ndor you

4、rcolleague,youca nonl ykeepyourdarkeremoti ons.Soisthereasolutio n?lstherea nythi ngyouca ndotogetridofthismost ungen erousemotio n?Well,wh yno tmakee nvythemotivatio nyoun eedforself-improveme nt?Thebestweap on aga in ste nvyis no ttocompetewhe reyoucan shine,buttodoyourabsolutebestwhereyoucan.Star

5、tbymaki ngpeacewithyourself,a ndacceptthegiftswhichmakeyo uun ique.Makea nagreeme ntwithyourselftobethebestyo uca nbe.The nfin dthequalities ino thersthatcauseyo urenvy.l sit some one sSgi ngvoice,theirworkpromoti on ,their newcar?E n vyshowsusthethingswe detohave.So,makeaplantoearnwhatsimportanttoy

6、ou.An daimforge nuin epleasurei ntheachieveme ntsa ndgoodfort un eofothers.Cheero nyo urfrie ndwhe nhescoresthatgoal.E n joyyourbest friend weddingday.Thengooutanddosomethingspecial,andmakeyourselfwonderfullyproudofyou.参考答案En vyisacom mon butu npleasa ntfeeli ng,whichisasecrethidde nino urheart.This

7、 natureusuallyariseswhe nweca n tgetwha twewa nta ndeve ntakedelighti no therslosi ngit.Toavoidthis negativefeeli ng,firstlytrytotra nsforme nvyi ntothemotivatio ntoim proveourselves.Besides,acceptyo uruniq uetale ntsgladly. Fin ally,appreciateothersachieveme ntss incerely.概要写作 2WatershortageUsi ngt

8、oomuchwaterorthrowi ngrubbishi ntoourriversareclearwaysthathuma nsca nputourwatersupplyi ndan ger,butwe alsoaffectourwatersuppl yinl essobviousways.Youmayw on derhowpav in garoadca nl eadtolessuseablefreshwater.Amajorpar tofthewaterweuseeverydayisgro un dwater.Gro un dwaterdoes no tcomefromlakesorri

9、vers.Itcomesfro mun dergr oun d.Themo reroadsa ndparki nglotswepave,thelesswaterca nflowi ntothegro un dtobecomegro un dwater.Huma nactivityis no tresp on sibleforallwatershortages.Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughtstha nareaswithm orerai nfall,buti nany case,goodma nageme ntca nhelptom

10、akesurethereise no ughwatertomeetourbasic needs.Thi nkin gaboutthewayweusewatereverydayca nm akeabigdiffere nce,too.l nthe Un itedStates,afamilyoffourca nu se1.5t on sof wateraday!Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolive,but there aiotwecandotolowerthenumber.Youca ntakestepstosavewateri ny ourhome.Tost

11、artwith,usethesameglassforyourdri nkin gwaterallday.Washito nly once aday.R uny ourdishwashero nlywhe nitisfull.Helpyourpare ntsfiGa nyleaksi ny ourhome.Youca neven helptokeepourwatersup plyclea nbyrecycli ngbatteries in steadofthrow in gthemaway.参考答案Huma nactivities,suchaswasti ngwater,pollut in gr

12、iversa ndcon structi ngroads,ca npartlyleadtowatershortage.Mea nwhil e,drierclimatesarea no thercauseofi nsufficie ntwatersupply.Hopefully,ifyoutakeact ion tousewatersmartly/wisel yinyo urdail ylife,say,usi ngthesameglassofwater,maGimizi ngtheefficie ncyofdishwashers,helpi ngrepairleaksa ndrecycli n

13、gbatteries,yo uca nstillmakeasig ni fica ntdiffere nee.概要写作3SneezeMan ypeopleareusedtosay ing“blessyou”or“ges un dheit”whe nsome onesn eezes.N oon esaysa nythin gwhe nsome on ecoughsorblowstheir no se,sowhydos neezesgetspecialtreatme nt?Thephrase“Godblessyou”bel on gstoPopeGregorytheGreat,whovoicedi

14、t in thesiGthce nturyduri ngabub oni cplagueepidemic(黑死病泛滥时期)(s neez in gisa no bvioussymptom ofon eformoftheplague).Theterm“ges un dheit”comesfromGerma ny,an ditliterallymea ns “ healthTlheideaisthatas neezetypicallyoccursbeforeill ness.Actuallyeverycou ntryaro un dtheglobehasitsow nwayofwishi ngsn

15、 eezerswell.Peoplei nArabicco un triessay“ alhamdulillah whichmeans “ praistebeGod” Hindussay “ Live!or“ Livewell! Somecountrieshavespecialsneezingresponsestochildr en.lnRussia,theyarealsotold “ rostibolshoi ” ( “ gaowibihildrenaregiventhetraditionalresponse “ budzdorov ” heaibe hy w ).Forthemostpar

16、t,thevariouss neezeresp on sesorigi natedfroma ncien tsuperstiti ons(迷信).Somepeoplebelievedthatas neezecausesthesoultoescapethebodythroughthe no se.Say ing“ blessyou ”wouldstopthedevilfromtak in gthepers onssoul.Othersbelievedtheopposite:evilspiritsusethesneezeasanopportunitytoentera person cSy.Ther

17、ewasalsothemisunde rstandingthatthehearttemporarilystopsduringasneeze(it doesn adsaying “ blessyoiisawayotwelcomingthepersonbackt olife.Wenowkno wthats neez in gisarefleGactio nan dismostofte nthesig no fsomethi ngrelativelybe nign（良性的）,suchasacoldorallergy（过敏）.As neezealsoca nbecausedbybei ngoutsid

18、ei nthesu nl ightorfromsmelli ngastro ngsmell.Still,wekeepthecustomofsayi ng “b lessyou ”r “ gesundheitmain,outofhabitandcommonkindness.参考答案Peopleusuallysay “ blessyouaftertheysneeze,assneezingwasconsideredoneofthetypicalfeaturesoftheplague.Manyco un trieshavetheir uniq uecustomofwish in ggoodhealth

19、 in resp on setos neez in g.Mostpracticeshavetheirorig infroman cie ntsupe rstiti on s.Nows neez in gisk nown asmerelya nin dicati onofamino rsick nessa ndaresp on setooutsidestimulati on s,yetwekeepthec ustom,ma inly outofhabita ndpolite ness.概要写作 4TakingashowerTAKINGashowerisrelaGi ng.Youca nhumas

20、 on g,daydreamorthi nkabout nothi ng,leavi ngtherealworldbehi ndyou.Butdi dyouk no wthatshoweri ngca nalsobe nefityourm ind?ApieceofresearchbyScottBarryKaufma n, apsychologistfromYale Uni versity in theUS in terviewedover3,000peoplearo un dtheworld.Itturnedouttha tn earlytwo-thirdsofthei nterviewees

21、saidtheyhadeGperie ncedn ewideasi ntheshowera ndwerem orelikelytohavethem in theshowertha natwork.Sowhydoesasimpleshowerhavesuchmagicpower?Scie nceca neGpla in it.Showeri ngca nhelptoraiseourlevelofdopam in e,ahorm on ecloselyrelatedtoourcreativity.“ Peoplevaryintermsoftheirlevelofcreativityaccordin

22、gtotheactivityofdopamine ” ,eGplainedAliceFlaherty,arenownedA mericanneuroscientist. “ TakingawarmshowercanmakeusfeelrelaGedandthereforemakethedopaminelevelriseandbringthe “Aha! momenttous.”Besidesthechemicalcha nges,showeri ngmaygiveyouabreakfromwhatyoufeelyouhavebee nstuckwith.Especiallywhe n youh

23、avethoughthardalldayaboutaproblem,jumpi ngi ntotheshowerca nkeepyoufromtheoutsideworldsothatyouca nfocus on youri nn erfeeli ngsa ndmemories .In thisway,accord in gtoAmerica npsychologistShelleyH.Cars on ,authorofYourCreativeBra in, ashoweringhourmayturnintoan ihcubation（孵化）period oryourideas .Compa

24、redwithsitti nginfron tofacomputer,tak in gashowerissomethi ngwedolessfreque ntlyi no urdailylives.Whe nshowering,wegetafresheGperiencewiththechangeoflocation,temperatureandhumidity.“ NewnduneGpectedeGperiencescanleadtopositivechangesin thinking, eGplainedKaufman. “ Gettingffthecouchandjumpinginthes

25、howermaycreateadistanceand forceyoutothinkfromanewpointof view .Showeri ngallowsustoenjoythecreativejuicesofourmi nds,whichmakesthebathrooma nalternativewhereyougetyouri ns piratio n.Son eGttimeyouc on siderwaystofreeyourmi nd,co un titi n.参考答案Showeri ngca nrelaGyourbodya ndfreeyourm in daswell.Firs

26、t,relaGati onin theshowerhelpsraisethelevelofdopam inean dbri ngn ewideas.Sec on d,showeri ngprovidesa new, un eGpecteda ndfresheGperie ncethatca nresult in positivecha nges,mak ing itpossibletostopthi nkin gaboutwhatyouarestuckwith.Besides,showeri ngca nm akeusthi nkfroma newpoi ntofviewwiththecha

27、n geoflocati on ,temperaturea ndhumidity.概要写作5ShopaholicsTV.TheInternet.Themall.Everywherewelook,weseeadvertisementsthaturgeustobuy.ln today ossumersociety,wear eun derc on sta ntpressuretoshop.Ofcourse,mostpeople onl ybuywhatthe yn eeda ndwhattheyca nafford.However,therearesom epeople,calledshopaho

28、lics,who can controltheirdesiretospendmoneyandbuythings.Thiskindofaddictivebehaviorcanleadl argefi nan cialproblems,familyc on flict,a nddeep un happ in ess.Whatarethesymptomsofashopaholic?Peoplewiththisproblemofte nspe ndhoursa ndhoursshoppi ngon thel nternetoratth emall.Theirclosetsarefullofclothi

29、 ngan djewelrythattheyhave neverworn,withthepricetagsstillo nthem.Theirhomesmaybepa ckedwithshopp in gbagsa ndboGesthattheyboughtbut neverused.Ma ny shopaholicsareawareoftheirow nproblems,butwhe nth eygotoastore,theysimply can resisttheurgetobuy.Someofthemareashamedoftheirweaknessandtrytohideitbysto

30、ringtheirpu rchasesinplacesliketheattic（阁楼）,whereotherswon tseethem.Psychologistssuggestthereareseveralreas on sforashopp in gaddict ion.Fo rsomepeople,itisawayofrelievi ngstress.Forot hers,shopp in gisawaytofightl on eli nessordepressi on.F orpeoplewithlowself-esteem,shopp in gca nbeawaythattheypro

31、vetheir self-worth.Sometimestheproblemdevelopsoutofboredom.Itbecomesareplaceme ntforotherhobbiesa ndin terests,a ndithelps passthetime.Althoughshopp in gca ntemporarilymakepeoplefeelgood,theyofte neGperie ncefeeli ngsofshamea ndguiltlater.When shopp in ghabitsgetoutofc on trol,people needprofessi on

32、 alhelp.Theyca neitherseeaco un selor（顾问）orjoinanorganizationsuchasShopaholicsAnonymous.Groupslikethistrytohelppeopleunderstandthereasonsfortheiraddi ctio nan dlearnhowtoc on troltheurgetoshop.Theirgoalistohelppeoplefi ndwaystofulfillthemselvesthatdo notleadtoseriousde bta ndtroubledlives.参考答案Shopah

33、olicsrefertothosewhoareaddictedtoshoppi ngwhetherthe yn eedsomethi ngorwhethertheyca naffordsomethi ng.Thereareseveralsymptomsofshopaholics.Theyspendtoomuchtimeshoppingand can resistthedesiretobuythings,manyofW hichareeve nn everused.Shopaholicsdosoford ifferen treas on s,suchasreduci ngstress,fight

34、i nglon eli nessordepressi on ,provi n gself-worth,killi ngboredomortimea ndso on.An yhow,professi on alhelpisavailableifnecessary.概要写作 6PunishingchildrenPunishingchildrenisacontroversialtopic.Everybodyhasdifferentopinionsabouthowtoacttocorrecta child behavior.Pa rents,teachers,doctors,andspecialist

35、slikepsychologists,havedisagreementsaboutwhetheritisgoodfora child educationtopu n ishhim.Theword “ punishmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Punishmentcanbephysicaloremotional.Physicalpunishmen tiswhe nthepare nthits,slapsorspa nksthechild.On theotherha nd,emoti on alp uni shme ntiswhe nthepare n

36、t, ino rdertoeducatethechild, does n lettimwatchTV ,gotoplayw ithhisfriends,ordothingslikethat.Theparents doesn teachhim,butstillhepunishesthechild.Althoughma ny surveysa ndstudieshavebee nmadeaboutwhatthecorrectwayistoraiseachild, nobodyhasthea nswerorthetruth .I thi nkitwillbeverydifficulttofi ndt

37、hea nswerorgetpeopletoagree.Ith in kpare ntsshouldlovetheirchilda ndgivehimthebesteducati on, butatthesametime,theyshouldp uni shthechildifhedes ervesit.Ith in kifyouloveyourchild,youshouldberati on alwhe ny ouapplythep uni shme nt.ltshouldbereas on ablebutstrict.Theparent goalistohaveinthefutureago

38、odmanorwomaninsociety,sosometimesyoushoulddowhatisnecessarytogetyo urchildtobehavewell.参考答案PeoplehavemiGedop inion stowardsp uni shme nttochildre n.（要点1）P uni shme ntca nbephysicaloremoti on al,butthewaytheyarep uni shedisthekeyproblem.（要点2）Asamatteroffact,itisdifficulttofi ndthecorrectwaytoraiseach

39、ild.（要点3）Properp un ishme ntca nbei nstructivea ndn ecessarytochildre ni fitisreas on ablea ndstrict.Butlovea ndeducatio narethemostim portantforustomakeourkidsbehavewell.（要点 4）概要写作7SecondchildMany coupleswhoalreadyhave on ehealthy,happychild,arefaci ngadilemma,thatis,theissueofwhethertohaveasec on

40、dchi ldornot.Theyhavehardjobsa ndlimitedtimea ndmon ey,buttheywa nttomakesurethattheiro nlychilddoes no tbecomeal on elychi ld.So,whataretheadva ntagesa nddisadva ntagesofhavi ngasec on dchild?Thatiswhatsoma ny couplesareverymuchc oncern eda bouta ndeagert oun dersta nd.Onepopularsayingisthatonechil

41、dmeansalonelychild. That whymanysingle-childparentsplantohaveasecondchild.Theyfee lguiltyabouttheirdecisi on tohave onlyon echild,becausethereare no otherchildre nin thefamilyfortheir onl ychildtoplaywith,wh ichmaymakethechildfeello nelyattimes,especiallyduri ngvacati ons.Ano thercom mon argume ntag

42、ai nsthav in gjusto nechildisthata non lychildmaybemorespoiledtha non ewithbrothersorsisters .If on ecouplehad on ly on echild,thechildcould notlearntosharethi ngswithothersa ndarelesscapableofgett in galo ngwellwithother childre ntha non ewhogrowsupwithbrothersorsisters.However,i nman ypartsofthewo

43、rld,morea ndmorepare ntsarestillchoos ingno ttohaveasec on dchildbecausetheyarguethatthere areadva ntagesforthechildaswellasthepare nts.Withjusto nechild,theysuggest,thereislittlecha nceo ffamilyargume ntsc oncern edwithchildre n.Besides,asa nonl ychildi nthefamily,thechildca nrecei vemorequalitytim

44、ea ndatte nti on. Thisofte nl eadsto incre asedself-respecta ndin depe nden ce,whichca nl eadtothechildbe in gmorec on fide nt.Un luckily,thereis no simplea nswertothequestio no fwhetherornottohaveasec on dchild.Everyfamilyisdiffere nt,a ndwhatispro perforo nefamilyma yno tbefora no ther.Theimporta

45、ntthi ng,i nthee nd,istomakeadecisi on thatbothyoua ndyourspouse（酉己偶）feelc on fide ntabout.参考答案Whetherornottohaveasec on dchildhasputma ny couplesi nadilemma.Somesupportersthi nkon echildmea nsalo nelya nds poiledchild.Withsibli ngs,childre ncan learntosharea ndget on wellwithothers.However,someopp

46、onen tsarguethata non lychild willgetmorequalitytimeandattentionwhilecausingfewerarguments.Still,thereisnoeasyanswertotheissue. It uptothecouplet omakeaproperdecisi on aboutit.概要写作 8PublictransportationTherearema nybe nefitsofpublictra nsportati on.Fo reGample,publictra nsportati onm akesiteasierfor

47、peopletogetwhereth eywa ntandn eedtog o.I talsohelpspeoplesavem on ey,asthecostofma intainin gawork in gvehicleisofte nm uchmoretha nthecosta ssociatedwithpublictra nsportati on. Thefreque ncyoftrafficjamsa ndaccide ntsmayalsobereducedwhe napers onu sespublictra n sportatio n.On eofthema inben efits

48、ofpublictra nsportati oni sthefactthatitmakesiteasierforpeopletogetaro un d.Withoutpublictra nsp ortati on,man ypeople especiallythosewithoutcars wouldbelimited in wheretheycouldgoa ndwhattheycoulddo.Withpubl ictransportation,however,peoplecangettoschoolandwork,gettothegrocerystoreandto doctors offi

49、ces,andvisitrelatives,even iftheydo no tow nvehicles.Publictra nsportatio nservespeopleofallagesa ndfromallwalksoflife,ra ngin gfromfamilies,i ncludin gtheirchildre n,tobus in esspeople on theirwaytotheoffice,totheelderly.Often, peoplecompla in aboutthecostofpublictra nsportati on whe ntheratesarera

50、ised.Whe ncomparedtothecostofb uyinga car,ma nypeoplefi ndthatchoos in gtoridepublictra nsportati oni samuchcheaperoptio n.When publictra nsportatio nisavailable,ma nypeoplechoosetouseit in steadofdrivi ngtoworka ndschool.Thisistrueeve nof man ypeoplewhoow ncars,astheymayprefertoridetowork on abusor

51、trai nrathertha ndealwithtrafficjamsa ndparki ngfrustrati on seachday.Whe npeoplemakethischoice,theresultislesstraffic on theroadways,whichmea nsfewertrafficjamsa ndlesspolluti on n fact,thechoicema nypeoplemaketoridepublictra nsportati onm ayeve ntran slate in tofewercaraccide ntsa ndvehicle-relate

52、dd eathsa ndinjuries.Additi on ally,theuseofpublictra nsportati on alsomea nslessgasisc on sumedeachyear.参考答案Peoplecanbenefitalotfrompublictransportation.（要点 1）First,itenablespeopletogowherevertheywantorneedtogo.（要 点2）Sec on dly,bytak in gpublictra nsportati on, peoplemaysavealargeam oun tofm on ey.

53、（要点3）Moreover,itmayhelpreducema ny trafficjamsa ndaccide nts.（要点4）Finally,theuseoftransportationisalsoanefficientwaytodecreasetheconsumptionofgas.（要点 5） 概要写作 9TeenagershearinglossproblemOn ebilli on tee nagersa ndyoun gadultsaro un dtheworldrisklos in gtheirheari ngbyliste nin gtoloudmusic.Thisisacc

54、ord ingt otheWorldHealthOrga nizatio n.TheU.N.age ncyisask ingyoun gpeopletoturndow nthevolumetopreve ntirreversibledamaget otheirheari ng.Fewthi ngsgetthebloodpumpi nglikegoodmusic.Ma nypeoplebelievelouderisbetterifyouareliste nin gtorocka ndroll.ButeGperie ncin greallyloudmusic,eve nreallygoodmusi

55、c,ca nhaveaseriouseffect onyo urheari ng. Dr.ShelleyChadhaisaspecialisto nheari ngdamagefortheWorldHealthOrga nizatio n.Dr.Chadhasaysthatthecellsweusetohear ,calledse nsorycells,ca nbeperma nen tlydamagedbyloudso un dsthathappe no veral on gperiodoftime,orarepro Ion ged,a ndhapp en regularly,orareha

56、bitual.Whe nthiseGposureisparticularlyloudorprolo ngedorhabitual,these nsorycellsaredamagedperma nen tlyleadi ngtoirrev ersibleheari ngloss.Studiesi nmiddle-a ndhigh-i ncomeco un triesshow nearly50perce ntoftee nagersa ndyoun gadultsaged12to35yearsliste nt oun safelevelsofso un d.Theyareliste ningon

57、 theirpers on alaudiodevicesaswellasatc on certs ,ni ghtclubsa ndothere ntertai nment places.Butwhatisa nun safelevelofs ound?TheWHOsaysthereca nbema nykin dsofu nsafelevelsofs ound.l tdepe ndson howloudtheso un disa ndhowl on gyouliste ntoi t.U nsafeca nmeann oiselevelsof85decibelsforeighthoursaday

58、or100decibelsforjust15mi nu tes.Dr.ChadhatoldVOAwhe nthei nte nsityofso un di ncreasesby on lythreedecibels,safeliste nin gtimegoesdow nbyhalf.Ifapers on takesasubwaytogofro mon eplacetotheotherforhalfa nhouri nthemorni ngan dahalfa nhouri ntheeve nin g,a ndev erydayhastoturnupthevolume on hisdevice

59、becausethereissomuchofnoiseofthetrai nan deverythi ngaro un d,a ndisliste nin gto-l etussay100db（decibels）foro nehoureveryday,hisheari ngisgoi ngtogetirreversiblydamagedi nafewyears,i nacoupleofyearsti me,forsure.Simplewaystopreve ntirreversibleheari ngloss.Dr.Chadhasaystherearesimplemeasurestoprotectpeoplefro mun sa