机械设计中的环保

1、机械设计中的环保一、绿色设计的基本内涵Basic intension, green design机械设计（Machine Design），是指根据机械的使用要求对其工作原理、运动方式、结构、各个零件的材料和形状尺寸、能量传递方式、等进行构思、分析和计算，并将其作为机械制造依据的过程。机械设计是机械生产的第一步，是决定机械性能的最主要的因素，在机械工程中起着重要作用。Mechanical design ( Machine Design ), refers to the mechanical requirements of its working principle, structure, mov

2、ement mode, each parts of the material and shape size, energy transfer mode, for ideas, analysis and calculation, and regard it as a process of manufacturing on the basis of machinery. Mechanical design is the first step in mechanical production, is the main factor to determine the mechanical proper

3、ties, plays an important role in mechanical engineering.绿色设计（Green Design）是指在一个产品从开发到处理的整个生命周期内，以产品的可循环使用性作为设计方向，最大程度上降低产品设计对环境的危害，而且要尽可能保证产品应有的功能、使用寿命、质量等要求。绿色设计的核心是3R：Reduce（减少）、Recycle（再生）和Reuse（重新使用），即减少环境污染、减小能源消耗、产品和零部件的回收再生循环。Green design ( Green Design ) refers to a product from development

4、to the whole life cycle, the product can be recycled as a design direction, the maximum extent of harm reduction product design for the environment, but also to the extent possible, to ensure the product function, quality of life, etc. The core of green design is the 3R:Reduce ( reduce ), Recycle (

5、regeneration ) and Reuse ( reuse ), namely, reduce environmental pollution, reduce energy consumption, recycling products and parts.二、绿色理念在机械设计中的重要性Two, the importance of green concept in mechanical design.随着全球性资源枯竭、环境污染等问题，人类在经历一系列自然环境灾难后开始重新考虑绿色理念的重要性，探索新的经济发展模式。机械设计是经济发展的重要组成部分，与人们的日常生活也息息相关，它为人们

6、提供了现代高效的生活，但也造成环境的破坏，要从根本上改变机械设计中产生的污染，就需要加强对绿色理念的重视。As the problem of global resource depletion, pollution of the environment, people begin to consider the importance of green idea after a series of natural environment after the disaster, to explore new mode of economic development. Mechanical desi

7、gn is an important part of economic development, and peoples daily life are closely related, it provides people with a modern and efficient life, but also cause environmental damage, to change the mechanical design of pollution fundamentally, we need to strengthen the importance of the concept of gr

8、een.绿色理念在机械设计中有着极其重要的作用：第一，绿色设计可以保护我们的自然环境，减少能源消耗对环境造成的破坏；第二，绿色设计可以提高对能源的利用效率，能够加强对可再生能源的开发利用；第三，绿色设计理念符合我国可持续发展的要求，能够产生重大的经济价值和社会价值。The green concept plays an extremely important role in the mechanical design: first, the green design can protect our natural environment, reduce the energy consumptio

9、n of the damage to the environment; second, green design can improve the energy use efficiency, to strengthen the development and utilization of renewable energy sources; third, green design idea in line with Chinas sustainable the requirements of the development, can produce significant economic va

10、lue and social value.三、绿色理念在机械设计中的应用Application of three, the green concept in mechanical design.1.绿色理念的关键技术The key technology in the 1 green idea绿色理念有着众多的常用方法和关键技术，如生命周期设计、模块化设计、可拆卸性设计等。生命周期设计是从产品的性能、经济可行性、环境保护等角度考虑，进而在产品的整个生命周期中使用可再生资源的方法；模块化设计主要从产品的模块和功能分析角度出发，通过模块的重新组合形成新的模块系统从而促进机械产品的更新换代；可拆卸性设

11、计是将机械产品进行有规律的拆卸，但要保证不损害产品的部分功能，所以在产品设计时要制定出可拆卸的方案，以便在产品后期时进行维护。Green concept is a commonly used many methods and key technologies, such as the life cycle design, modular design, design for disassembly. Life cycle design is considered from the point of view of performance, economic viability, environ

12、mental protection products, methods and the use of renewable resources in the entire life cycle of products; modular design mainly embarks from the module and the function analysis of products, through the new group module form module system new so as to promote the upgrading of mechanical products;

13、 design for disassembly is regularly removing machinery products, but to ensure that does not damage the function of products, so the product design to develop a detachable scheme, for maintenance in the late.2.绿色材料的选择和管理The selection and management of 2 green material在绿色材料的选择上要考虑材料的经济性、材料是否会对环境造成污染

14、、材料与材料之间的相容性以及综合评价。我们在机械设计时要尽可能的选择容易回收循环利用的材料、对环境危害小的材料、使用率高的材料，避免使用有毒材料或者难以降解的材料。In the green material selection must consider whether the economy, material will cause compatibility between pollution, materials and materials and comprehensive evaluation on the environment. We should as far as possi

15、ble the choice easy recycling of materials, small material, the high usage rate of material damage to the environment in the mechanical design, avoid the use of toxic materials or the materials difficult to degrade.在绿色材料的管理上主要包括材料本身的管理和设计环节中的管理。材料本身的管理要做好材料性能的审核、对不同功能的材料进行标注、分类保管等工作，在投入生产后要建立规范的网络数据

16、分析系统，对材料进行及时管理；在产品设计过程中，要对设计中产生的废弃物、副产品等进行合理的回收和利用，要结合产品的特点，制定一套完善的设计工艺流程，既要考虑经济成本，又要考虑环境成本。In the green material management mainly includes material management and design process management. The material itself to strengthen the management of material performance audit, for different functional mat

17、erials for labeling, classification preservation and other work, in production to create a network data analysis system, timely management of materials; in the process of product design, to design the waste, by-products such as reasonable recovery and use, according to the characteristics of the pro

18、ducts, establish a set of perfect design process, it is necessary to consider the economic costs, but also to consider the environmental cost.3.绿色设计应用的配套措施Measures 3 green design application在机械产品设计中，要秉承绿色理念，还要有配套措施加以辅助，如人才支持、政策支持、科技支持等。首先，要加大对绿色设计人才的培养力度，尤其是加大高职和中职院校学生的培养，让他们掌握最先进的绿色设计理念；其次，要加强对绿色产品

19、设计的政策支持，政府要制定相应的制度，提倡绿色设计和绿色环保理念，要加强社会和公众对机械设计的监督；再次，要加强技术创新，优化机械设计的工艺方案，采用先进技术，如虚拟设计技术进行机械设计产品的创新。In the design of mechanical products, to uphold the concept of green, but also supporting measures to assist, such as personnel support, policy support, technology support. First of all, to strengthen

20、training of green design talents, especially the increase of higher vocational education and secondary vocational school students, let them master the concept of green design the most advanced; secondly, to strengthen the green product design and policy support, the government should formulate corre

21、sponding regulations, advocate the green design and green environmental protection idea, to strengthen the social and public supervision of mechanical design; thirdly, to strengthen technological innovation, optimization of technological scheme of mechanical design, the use of advanced technology, such as the innovation of virtual design technology of mechanical product design.总结：Summary:绿色设计在不影响产品功能、质量的前提下，能够对使用材料、材料加工、废弃物回收等进行优化设计，能够提高机械设计