名词性从句详细讲解1

1、英语从句三大类型名词性从句讲解按一般说法，可分为三大类 14 种从句。,名词性从句1 主语从句 Whether its right or not remains to be seen.2 宾语从句 I wonder whether its right or not.3 同位语从句 This is a question whether its right or not.4 表语从句 The question is whether its right or not.二,形容词性从句（定语从句）1 限定性定语从句 She is the student who can speak English we

2、ll.2 非限定性定语从句 She is the student,who can speak English well.三,副词性从句（状语从句）1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2 地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are astudent.4 方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she

3、 could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7 条件状语从句 I will understand it if he tells me.8 让步状语从句 He knows a lot though he is little.、名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句，功能相当于名词词组，根据在句中不同的语法功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分

4、） 连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接畐U词： whe n, where, how, whythat,1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词whether, if 禾口连接代词 what, who , which, whatever, whoever 以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当一定的成分。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。由疑问词引导的名词性从

5、句，语序为陈述句语序。例如: That he sudde niy feel illsurprised me a lot.他 突然生病让我很吃惊。What he wan ts to tell usjs n ot clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。vWhere the English evening will be helttas not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语 放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。lt is known to us how he became a writer.我们都

6、知道他是如何成为一名作家的。It doesn matter how we dealt with the problem .我们怎样处理这个问题无关紧要。2. 宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1).由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语 或非正式的文体中常被省去，但在以下几种特殊情况，引导宾语从句 的连词that不能省略:a.当为了强调把that引导的宾语从句可位于句首时，that不能省略。如:That she is a g

7、ood girl I kn ow .她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe. 我简直不相信他 曾说过这样的话。b.当that从句与动词被其他词或从句隔开时，that 一般不宜省略, 以免造成语义混乱。如:They told us once again that the situation was serious.他们又一次告诉我们说形势是严重的。The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car andthat I could

8、have the money without delay.那个商人告诉我他准备出多少钱买我的汽车，并说我会立即收到款。3. 当两个或多个that引导的宾语从句并列使用时，即使省略了第一个从句的引导词that，后面的that也不可省略。如:He said (that) he couldn tll you right away and that you wouldn nderstand.他说他不能马上告诉你，你是不会理解的。He said (that) it was nhfcs bus in ess and that the gover nment should do something abou

9、t it.他说这不关他的事，而是政府应该对这事想点办法。注意：在 dema nd、order、suggest、decide、in sist, desire, dema nd, request, comma nd等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如:I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set of at once. 司令员命 令部队马上出发。2).用 who, whom, which

10、, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： I want to know what he has told you .我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks ofhow she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。She will givewhoever needs help a warm support 凡需要帮助的人，她 都会给予热情的支持。3).用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和

11、谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲 时在下列情况下一般只能用 whether，不用if: a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c .引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ or not”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如: Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 Everythi ng depends on whether we have eno ugh mon ey. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。4）.注意宾语从句中的时

12、态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如:He studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）He studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）I know （that） he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）He has studied En glish si nee 1998.（从句用现在完成时）当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是 客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，

13、则从句仍用现在时态。例如:The teacher told us that Tom had left us for AmericaThe teacher told us that TomJs a boy.5）. th ink, believe, imag ine, supp ose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句 中（否定转移）。例如:We don t thi nk you are here.我们认为你不在这。I do n t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。3.表语从句as if在句中作表语的从句叫表

14、语从句。引导表语从句的引导词与引导主语 从句的引导词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时也可用 引导。其基本结构为：主语 +系动词+引导词+从句。例如:The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That is why he didn come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不至U会的 原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。需要注意的，当主语是 reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是 because）例如:The reas on why he was l

15、ate was that he missed the train by one minute this morning4. 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容的从句是同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、dema nd、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message news、order、problem、 promise、question、request、suggestion truth、wish、word 等。例如：The n ewsthat we won the game is excit ing.我们赢得这场比

16、赛的消息令人激动。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能 玛丽生病了。同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 同位语从句所修饰的词是有限的一些抽象名词， 而定语从句就没有这 种限制。that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在 从句中作宾语时可以省略； that 引导同位语从句时， 起连词的作用， 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句 :I had no idea that you were here（that 引导同位语从句，不能省略）Have you got the ide

17、a（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？that 引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）名词性从句专项练习 100 题he had been working hard.1. His success was because ofA. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact2. “ Is Mary from New York City” “ I dont knowA. from what city does she come from B. from what city sh

18、e comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from3.makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai wasa new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worried her a bither hair was turning gre

19、y.A. while B. that C. if D. for6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him whyA. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to knowA. how he is getting along B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along8. It is g

20、enerally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9. He asked mewith me.A. what is the troubleB. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what trouble it is10. I am surehe said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11. When and why

21、 he came hereyet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12. I wonder how muchA. does the watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. Mary issomeone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for14.is no reason for

22、dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusionby a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be

23、 done D. because not all things can bedone16. Why the explosion occurred wasthe laboratory attendanthad been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I dont doubthell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18. “ Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. WangWell, I forgetI was supposed to go to.A.

24、which the room B. which room C. what was the room D.what room was it19. Output is now six timesit was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because shes always savedA. what little she earns B. how lit

25、tle she earnsC. for little she earns D. with little she earns21.surprised me most wassuch a little boy of sevencould play the violin so well.A. That what B. What that C. That which D. What which22. We gave himhelp we could.A. which B. what C. that D. thisyou have23. She is pleased with what you have

26、 given him and told him.A. that B. which C. all what D. all that24. Excuse me would you please tell meA. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place25. Do you happen to knowC. what is the

27、size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show youcan be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed27. Where do you thinkA. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he28. Do you know

28、A. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Would you go and seeoutsideA. what to take placeB. what Tom has happenedC. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. T

29、he subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. isA. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I31.I think he is Charles.A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he isC. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is32. He didnt know which roomA. they lived B. they live

30、d in C. did they live D. did they live in33. The little boy atehis mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what34. The city is no longerA. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be35. My parents usedthey had to get a new car for me.A. which B. that C. w

31、hat D. all what36.we go swimming every dayus a lot of good.A. If ddB. That doC. If does D. That does37.was the ideathe wife thought ofA. What that B. That what C. How whyD. Why how38.did he tell his wifehe wished to doA. That what B. What that C. Where whiclD. Which wherethe book said was right.39.

32、One of the men held the viewA. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that40. I have no ideaor not he has finished the work.A. if B. that C. whether D. which 41. “ Do you knowHis father is a doctor.A. what is his father B. who is his fatherC. what his father is D. who his father is42. Is this

33、we met each other two years agoA. place B. place in which C. where D. place which43. ItBob drives badly.49. He insisted that hein good health andto work44. We all know the truthA. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought thatthere are air, water and sunlightthere are living thing

34、s.A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever45. They discussedthey could settle the problem withoutothers help.A. if B. thatC. what D. whether46. She askedA. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me upC. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me

35、 up what I was doing47. May I borrow the ring You can takeyou like.A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that48. He said that he was fond ofA. what beautiful is B. what is beautifulC. beautiful is what D. what it is beautifulthere.A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send50. Do

36、 you knowhe expects will give us a talkA. who B. whom C. that D. whose51. Its uncertainthe experiment is worth doing.A. if B. thatC. whether D. how52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterdayit was aholiday.A. except B. except for C. except thatD. but for53.is to do good all ones life and never

37、 do anything bad.A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hardC. What is hard D. All what is hard54.the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestionfor a walk inthe park.A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we

38、go56.we cant get seems better thanwe have.57.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, whatyou dont like him is none of my business.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether58. You cant imaginewhen they received these nice Christmaspresents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they were59.C. how

39、 excited were they D. they were how excitedwell go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where60.he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why that D. If what61.is going to do the job will be decided by the Partycommittee.A. That B. Why C. How D

40、. Who62.well finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That63.the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrowsmeeting.A. If B. Where C. That D. What64.he wont go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This65.you come or not is up to you.A. What B.

41、If C. Why D. Whether66.makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody67.team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. Howour country had sent up68.Three days later, word came another man-made satellite.A. which B. when C. that D. where69.The

42、 problem iswill go to the meeting.A. why B. when C. what D. who70.It looksit were going to rain.71.That isA. even if B. as if C. even though D. likehe likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how72.That isLu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why73. We thoughtstrange that Tom did no

43、t come yesterday.A. that B. itC. this D. what74.The factshe had not said anything surprised all of us.A. which B. what C. that D. how75.What Im considering nowthe money we need.A. is B. are C. were D. was76.Can you tell meA. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman is D. w

44、hom is that gentleman77.leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.78. It is well knownA. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Whoa person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and how B. thatC. what D. how79. The energy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C.

45、what D. such80. Jack was soon toldhe did was not necessary.Mr. Needham said at theA. why B. that C. how D. why what81. We should think carefully about meeting.A. that B. what C. which D. X82. Can you point outtwo radios are the bestA. which B. what C. that D. whether83. You will easily knowvideo rec

46、orders （录相机 ） are thesame.84.A. what those B. that of those C. that all of D. which of thoseyou have seen things like these before doesnt matter.A. If B. Whether C. What D. When85. I asked her in Englishshe was, and she told meshe was an actress.A. who that B. who C. what X D. how that86. She took i

47、t for grantedId be back home an hour ago.A. that B. whetherC. if D. when87. We think it possiblethe local government will be able tosolve the housing problem.A. for B. that C. when D. how88. Now there is a dangerthe ground may fall in （沉下 ） underthe heavy traffic.A. whether B. if C. X D. that89. At that time I had no ideaI could hand it to him withoutbeing seen.A. if B. howC. which D. that how90. Last Sunday he promisedtoday, but he hasnt appearedyet.A. that he would come B. that he will comehe was free he would takeC. he