新标准英语第二册读写：第二单元第一部分

1、Look at the following pictures and describe the emotion shown in each picture. Warming Up surprisedisgustsadness happinessangerfear Empathy vs. Sympathy Empathy is the ability to understand how someone feels because you can imagine what it is like to be them. Sympathy is a natural feeling of kindnes

2、s and understanding that you have for someone who is experiencing something very unpleasant. Warming Up Text Text Daniel Goleman (born March 7, 1946) is an author, psychologist, and science journalist. For twelve years, he wrote for The New York Times, specializing in psychology and brain sciences.

3、He is the author of more than 10 books on psychology, education, science, and leadership. Everyone knows that high IQ is no guarantee of success, happiness, or virtue, but until Emotional Intelligence, we could only guess why. Daniel Golemans brilliant report from the frontiers of psychology and neu

4、roscience offers startling new insight into our two mindsthe rational and the emotionaland how they together shape our destiny. Background information Emotional Intelligence is a book written by Daniel Goleman published in 1995. The theory of emotional quotient (EQ) was based on earlier work done by

5、 other psychologists in the 1970s and 1980s a quotient is the number that is the result of dividing one number by another, so EQ is a score for behaviour involving emotions. The EQ concept claims that emotional intelligence is as important as the traditionally recognized intellectual intelligence. A

6、 high Intelligence Quotient (IQ) does not represent all the elements for a successful career or life. Text Emotional intelligence is an important element for social and interpersonal relationships which contribute to life success. The EQ emphasizes two aspects of emotional abilities: One is to under

7、stand, reflect and manage ones own emotions which affect ones behaviour, intentions and actions; the other is to understand other peoples feelings and emotions. Perhaps the popularity of the book and the concept shows that many people now recognize the importance of emotions in our personal and prof

8、essional lives. Text Questions What is the main idea? What are the supporting ideas? Can you find examples about main idea and supporting ideas? How Empathy Unfolds 1 The moment Hope, just nine m o n t h s o l d , s a w a n o t h e r baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to

9、be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bear for his crying friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrieved Pauls security blanket for him. Text empathyn. U the ability to understand how someone feels because you c

10、an imagine what it is like to be them 同感；同情；移情 empathy with sb./sth. empathy for sb./sth. empathy between A and B e.g. There is a strange empathy between the old lady and her grandson. 老妇人和她孙子间有种莫名其妙的心灵相通的感觉。 Word family: empathic a. Words become known or visible（故事等）展现，呈现；（使）展示 e.g. As the story un

11、folds, we learn more about Maxs childhood. Words some children feel more secure when they hold such a special blanket, because the blanket is familiar and has a comforting feel or smell. Some parents tend to give the baby a toy or a thing that is associated with comfort when the baby is in distress.

12、 For example, in the West some parents use a dummy (a plastic or rubber object for baby to suck) to comfort babies even though some doctors advise against using a dummy because it may have a long-term negative effect. 迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。 Language Points 翻译： retrieve vt. (fml) find something and bring it

13、back （正式）重新找回；收回，取回 e.g. She bent down to retrieve her earring. 她俯下身去捡回她的耳环。 retrieve sth. from sth. e.g. The wreckage of the crashed plane was retrieved from the ocean. 失事飞机的残骸已经从海里打捞出来。 Words for example, if another baby hurts her fingers, a one-year-old might put her own fingers in her mouth to s

14、ee if she hurts, too. On seeing his mother cry, one baby wiped his own eyes, though they had no tears. Text imitate vt. copy the way someone behaves, speaks, moves etc., especially in order to make people laugh 模仿（某人的动作、言语或行为） e.g. She was a splendid mimic and loved to imitate Winston Churchill. 她是个

15、出色的模仿者，喜欢模仿温斯顿丘吉尔。 Word family: imitation n. CF: imitate, copy, mimic Words structuralism. He created the largest doctoral program in the United States (at the time) after becoming a professor at Cornell University, and one of his graduate students, Margaret Floy Washburn became the first woman to b

16、e granted a PhD in psychology (1894). stem from: develop as a result of something else 源于； 是缘故 e.g. 1. His headaches stemmed from vision problems. 他的头痛是由视力问题引起的。 2. discontent stemming from low pay and poor working conditions 因工资低工作条件差而产生的不满情绪 Words by imitating what they see, children develop a rep

17、ertoire of empathic response, especially in helping other people who are distressed. Text Flow chart Governing idea (Para. 1) Supporting idea 1 (Para. 2) Background (Para. 3) Supporting idea 2 (Paras. 4 discipline an overall; distress A lot of my childhood memories have faded now, but I have an over

18、all impression that I often felt a vague sense of distress. discipline distinct distress infant overall stem from trace sympathetic 6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If tears well up in your eyes, do they (a) begin to appear, or (b) pour out of your eyes? 2 Is a security blan

19、ket something children (a) keep with them to feel safe and comfortable, or (b) keep on their beds to stop them from falling out? 3 Is virtually used to emphasize that something is (a) almost always completely true, or (b) sometimes true? Exercises 4 Is a precursor of something likely to come (a) bef

20、ore it, or (b) after it? 5 Is a developmental psychologist likely to study the behaviour of (a) animals, or (b) children and young people? 6 Motor mimicry is a technical term. Does it refer to (a) the attraction small children feel towards machines, or (b) the spontaneous imitation of other children

21、s actions? Exercises 7 Does the word plight refer to (a) a difficult situation, or (b) a comfortable situation? 8 Does the phrase toddlers repertoire refer to (a) a series of things that small children typically do, or (b) a pile of toys that small children enjoy playing with? 9 If someone tunes out

22、, do they (a) become interested, or (b) stop paying attention? Exercises 7 Check () the main ideas in the passage. 1 Empathy and sympathy are not the same thing. 2 Children need to have a teddy bear or security blanket at all times. 3 Small children seem to feel other childrens pain and discomfort. 4 Parents can be trained to become efficient observers of their children. 5 Between the ag